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Topic: Crozet Islands

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	Crozet Islands - LoveToKnow 1911
		CROZET ISLANDS, an uninhabited group in the Indian Ocean, in 46°-47° S. and 51° E. They are mountainous, with summits from 4000 to 5000 ft. high, and are disposed in two divisions - Penguin or Inaccessible, Hog, Possession and East Islands; and the Twelve Apostles.
		Like Kerguelen, and other clusters in these southern waters, they appear to be of igneous formation; but owing to the bleak climate and their inaccessible character they are seldom visited, and have never been explored since their discovery in 1772 by Marion-Dufresne, after one of whose officers they are named.
		Rabbits burrow in the heaps of scoria on the slopes of the mountains.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Crozet_Islands (0 words)

	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal
		The Crozet Islands (French: Ãles Crozet; or, officially, Archipel Crozet) are a sub-antarctic archipelago of small islands in the southern Indian Ocean.
		The Crozet Islands were first discovered by the expedition of Marc-Joseph Marion du Fresne, a French explorer, who landed on January 24, 1772 on Ãle de la Possession, claiming the archipelago for France.
		The waters of the Crozet Islands are patrolled by both the French and Greenpeace.
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=Crozet_Islands (0 words)

	Science Fair Projects - Crozet Islands
		The Crozet Islands (French Îles Crozet) are a sub-antarctic archipelago of small islands in the southern Indian Ocean, part of the French Southern Territories.
		The Crozet Islands are located between latitudes 45°95' and 46°50' S and longitudes 50°33' and 52°58' E in the southern Indian Ocean.
		The Crozet Islands were first discovered by the expedition of Marc-Joseph Marion du Fresne, a French explorer, who landed on January 24, 1772 on Île de la Possession, claiming the archipelago for France.
	www.all-science-fair-projects.com /science_fair_projects_encyclopedia/Crozet_Islands (853 words)

	Southern Ocean - Crozet Islands
		The nearest island neighbours in the region are the South African administered Prince Edward Islands located 940 km to the west.
		The islands of the west consist of Île aux Cochons (67 km²), the Îlots des Apôtres — consisting of the islands of Grande Île, Petit Île and 30 or so smaller islets (with a combined area of 2 km²), the Île des Pingouins (3 km²) and the reefs Brisants de l'Heroine.
		The islands are mountainous, being cut by deep valleys and are often lined by steep slopes or sheer cliffs; the highest point is found on Île de l'Est, where the Pic Marion-Dufresne rises to a height of 1,090 m.
	www.oceandots.com /southern/crozet (426 words)

	Îles Crozet - Geography
		Les Îles Crozet (occupying an area of the Indian Ocean between 45°95' and 46°50'S, 50°33' and 52°58'E) are a large archipelago marking the only places where the Crozet Plateau reaches sea level.
		The islands are located far from inhabited land, and have no airport, port or regular transport.
		The Crozets cover 325 sq km, and are one of the four parts of the Terres Australes et Antarctiques Françaises, which include Terre Adelie (Antarctica), Kerguelen and the islands of Amsterdam St-Paul.
	www.btinternet.com /~sa_sa/crozet_islands/crozet_islands.html (0 words)

	Terrestrial Ecoregions -- Southern Indian Ocean Islands tundra (AN1104)
		on Marion, the Crozet and the Kerguelen Islands (Marchant and Higgins 1990, Berutti 1979).
		On Crozet, Rattus rattus preys on the chicks and eggs of small petrels, and may have been responsible for the disappearance of the blue petrel (Halobaena caerulea), the gray-backed storm petrel (Garrodia nereis) and the Kerguelen diving petrel (Lugensa brevirostris) on Île de la Possession, to which island the rat is confined.
		Gribnitz K.H., Kent L.E. and Dixon R.D. Volcanic ash, ash soils and the inferred Quaternary climate of sub-Antarctic Marion Island.
	www.worldwildlife.org /wildworld/profiles/terrestrial/an/an1104_full.html (8507 words)

	Facts and Photos of Crozet, Kerguelen, & other sub-Antarctic Islands
		Kerguelen Islands are also called the "islands of desolation" because the landscape is barren without trees.
		The sub-Antarctic Islands are unusual because the ecosystem is based on the resources the penguins bring onto the land from the sea.
		Because there is no industry or living population of humans on the islands, the land and water surrounding the area is not polluted.
	www.siec.k12.in.us /~west/proj/penguins/subislands.html (435 words)

	Southern Indian Ocean Expedition 2002: Charles Medyett Goodridge, Narrative of a Voyage to the South Seas... (Site not responding. Last check: )
		I was much startled on nearing these Islands, it being in the night, to hear, what appeared to me, to be human voices proceeding, from the water; but on enquiry, I was informed it proceeded from the king penguins, most beautiful birds, which frequent these seas in great numbers, in the vicinity of land.
		The smallest birds that visit these islands are about the size of a sparrow, and are called the King Birds, in consequence of their being a match for any of the birds of prey.
		The conclusion we came to was that those islands were produced by some violent convulsion of nature, (the great body of the island being composed of calcarious matter) and that at the period it took place, those trees were floating on the surface of the water, and were thrown up with the volcanic eruption.
	www.cerchi.net /sioe/04_crozet/04_crozet~goodridge.html (14575 words)

	Protected Areas Programme - (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Several islands in the group are largely unmodified with intact native fauna and flora; islands such as Ilôts des Apôtres, Ile des Pingouins, and to a lesser extent Ile de l'Est.
		The island is the summit of a basaltic volcano and there has been some recent activity, with a small fissure eruption on the west coast in 1980.
		Prince Edward island is also oval in shape, with a coastal plain in the east, but with precipitous cliffs in the north and south and only a narrow coastal plain in the west.
	www.unep-wcmc.org /sites/country/atf.html (4585 words)

	Antarctic Philately: The peri-Antarctic Islands
		This island is of volcanic origin along with one smaller island, Shag Island, 11 km to the north.
		The island is of sedimentary origin and covers 128 km² with the highest elevation being Mt. Hamilton at 433 m.
		Inaccessible Islands lie 30 km to the west and all are of sedimentary origin.
	www.south-pole.com /peri.htm (1847 words)

	French Colonies - Crozet Archipelago, Les Iles Crozet
		The Crozets form one of the four regions in the Terres Australes et Antarctiques Françaises (French Southern and Antarctic Territories), which include Terre Adélie (Antarctica), Kerguelen and the islands of Amsterdam/St-Paul.
		The Crozets are visited several times a year by the Marion Dufresne, the world's biggest and most sophisticated oceanographic research vessel, bringing supplies and rotating crews of scientists at the permanent base (Alfred-Faure) on Île de la Possession.
		Sources: The Crozet Archipelago, a web site hosted by Paul Carroll; Dante's Purgatory (an article published in Quadrant, July 1999 p.79), by Andrew McIntyre, a Melbourne freelance writer who was invited to the TAAF as a guest of the French government; © copyrights attributable to their respective sources — All Rights Reserved.
	www.discoverfrance.net /Colonies/Crozet.shtml (0 words)

	Ship-wave, cloud patterns and Vortex Streets downwind of the Crozet Islands
		With this 'capping' the airflow is forced to go around the islands and the complex interaction between the restricted airflow and the island topography produces the eddies which are regularly shed downstream.
		As might be expected, this cloud pattern is more commonly associated with islands in sub-tropical waters where the semi-permanent anticyclones result in a high frequency of low-level subsidence inversions.
		In the latter case, the relative heights of the inversion and the westernmost island, Île aux Cochons (826m asl) are such that the airflow was able to go over the island, i.e.
	www.weathersa.co.za /Pressroom/2005/2005Oct21ShipwaveCrozet.jsp (0 words)

	CROZET ISLANDS - Online Information article about CROZET ISLANDS
		CROZET ISLANDS - Online Information article about CROZET ISLANDS
		Search over 40,000 articles from the original, classic Encyclopedia Britannica, 11th Edition.
		Island takes its name from the animals which were here let loose by an See also:
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /CRE_DAH/CROZET_ISLANDS.html (216 words)

	The call at the Crozet islands / my trip to the French Southern Lands (1/16)
		After 5 days of navigation, and almost 2900 km covered at an average speed of 15 knots, our first stopover is the archipelago of Crozet (46S / 51E), and its scientific base " Alfred Faure ", located on the "Possession" islands.
		With 300 days of precipitations per year, these islands are the field of raging winds, coldness and rains : no tree can resist their combined actions.
		As on all the french southern islands of the TAAF, there is no indigenous population on Crozet, but only the personnel of the scientific base, which is relieved every year.
	www.edouard.com /travel/crozet/taaf1.html (0 words)

	Crozet islands / TAAF - images - Iles Crozet - travel-images.com
		Possession island: Elephant seals and king penguins basking in the sun
		Possession island: brown skua stretches its wings on the wall separating the penguin rookery from the road
		Possession island: penguin rookery - 100.000 king penguins!
	www.travel-images.com /crozet.html (0 words)

	Chatham Islands, New Zealand (Site not responding. Last check: )
		For one, it is one of the few oceanic islands or archipelagoes that resides between 40 and 50 degrees either north or south latitude.
		So back to Chatham Island, and as we land I realize, in my imaginary global tour, that this is one of the few inhabited oceanic island groups in the world at this general latitude, in either the northern or southern hemisphere.
		Also present was the endemic Chatham Island mahoe or Melicytus chathamica of the Violaceae family, with lance-shaped, sharply-toothed leaves 5-12 centimeters long, growing as an understory tree to 5 meters tall in rapidly revegetating regions of the coastal reserves.
	www.spiritone.com /~brucem/chatham.htm (3052 words)

	Wildlife of Crozet Islands - InfoHub
		About 10 were seen east of the islands in very calm conditions, some sitting on surface with one flipper in the air, presumably to reduce heat loss (but did look like they were waving as they passed the main lab portholes!).
		Largest numbers were at M3 and between the islands (up to 5 in the day) and M5 (at least 6, enough for them to socialise independently of the Wanderers!).
		Several birds seen alongside the boat on the night of 31/12 as we went between the islands with deck lights on (people were working on deck sampling water from close to the islands).
	www.infohub.com /forums/showthread.php?goto=newpost&t=4510 (0 words)

	Iles Crozet
		The 20 small mountainous islands of Crozet are a French territory and are uninhabited except for scientific personnel and penguins.
		The mostly barren island is subject to low temperatures and long winters.
		The island climate is mitigated somewhat by maritime influences.
	www.ndsu.edu /subantarctic/iles_crozet.htm (144 words)

	Marine Wildlife at SOC
		About 10 were seen east of the islands in very calm conditions, some sitting on surface with one flipper in the air, presumably to reduce heat loss (but did look like they were waving as they passed the main lab portholes!).
		Largest numbers were at M3 and between the islands (up to 5 in the day) and M5 (at least 6, enough for them to socialise independently of the Wanderers!).
		Several birds seen alongside the boat on the night of 31/12 as we went between the islands with deck lights on (people were working on deck sampling water from close to the islands).
	www.noc.soton.ac.uk /marine_wildlife/D285.html (6325 words)

	Center for Biological Diversity - Penguins (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Southern Rockhopper subspecies breeds on the Falkland Islands, southern Chile and southern Argentina.
		The Eastern Rockhopper Penguin breeds on Prince Edward and Marion Islands (South Africa), Crozet Islands, Kerguelen Islands (French Southern Territories), Heard Island (Australia), Macquarie Island (Australia), and Campbell, Auckland and Antipodes Islands (New Zealand).
		The Northern Rockhopper Penguin breeds on Gough Island and Tristan da Cunha in the southern Atlantic Ocean, and Amsterdam and St Paul Islands in the southern Indian Ocean.
	www.biologicaldiversity.org /swcbd/SPECIES/penguins/rockhoppers.html (218 words)

	Benthic Crozet introduction
		However, from October onwards, oceanic circulation coupled with atmospheric conditions leads to deep nutrient-rich waters being driven to the surface (this is called "upwelling") to the north of Crozet.
		To the south of Crozet, there is no upwelling of deep water and so, no bloom.
		A 42-day cruise in the Austral summer of 2006 on the research ship RRS Discovery, was the third UK cruise to have sailed to the Crozet region of the Southern Indian Ocean in this century (The pioneering expedition of the HMS Challenger visited the Crozet islands almost exactly 130 years before we did!).
	pcwww.liv.ac.uk /earth/crozet/introductionok.htm (0 words)

	Prince Edward Islands — 70South - Antarctic News, Antarctic Information, Interactive and Updated Daily... (Site not responding. Last check: )
		He gave the name Marion and Crozet Islands to the islands that Marion du Fresne had found later on his voyage.
		The Prince Edward Islands now belong to South Africa and are 316 sq km in size (Marion is 290 sq km, making in larger than Prince Edward Island).
		The highest point of both the islands is on Marion: the State President Swart Peak (1230 m).
	www.70south.com /resources/antarctic-islands/prince-edward (401 words)

	Iles Crozet
		The 20 small mountainous islands of Crozet are a French territory and are uninhabited except for scientific personnel and penguins.
		The mostly barren island is subject to low temperatures and long winters.
		The island climate is mitigated somewhat by maritime influences.
	www.ndsu.nodak.edu /subantarctic/iles_crozet.htm (0 words)

	Case Note: The Grand Prince
		As with two of the previous cases, it arose from the arrest by French authorities of a vessel fishing Patagonian toothfish in French waters around the Kerguelen and Crozet islands.
		France), this case was an application seeking prompt release of the fishing vessel pursuant to Article 292 of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (LOSC) with the argument being that the security required by France was unreasonable and thus inconsistent with Article 73(2) of the LOSC.
		The Grand Prince is a fishing vessel which was arrested in December 2000 by French authorities for (a) fishing without authorization in the exclusive economic zone (EEZ) of the Kerguelen Islands under French jurisdiction; and (b) failing to announce its entry into the French EEZ and to declare fish on board.
	www.oceanlaw.net /ops/papers/5.htm (1596 words)

	Islands of the Southern Ocean - Wikitravel
		Although not a widely familiar name (due to the lack of any permanent population, and the term's relatively recent introduction), it identifies a region that is distinct in many ways from the more hospitable Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Oceans to the north.
		These islands within the Antarctic continental shelf are governed by the Antarctic Treaty.
		Travel is normally by ship as there are few landing strips for aircraft and most of the islands are beyond the range of helicopters.
	wikitravel.org /en/Islands_of_the_Southern_Ocean (410 words)

	Indian Ocean Maps - Perry-Castañeda Map Collection - UT Library Online
		Andaman and Nicobar Islands (Union Territory of India) 1976 (315K)
		French Southern and Antarctic Lands - Amsterdam Island and Saint-Paul Island 1976 (141K)
		Laccadive, Minicoy and Amindivi Islands (Lakshadweep - Union Territories of the Republic Of India) 1976 (171K)
	www.lib.utexas.edu /maps/indian_ocean.html (294 words)

	Îles Crozet (Crozet Island) — 70South - Antarctic News, Antarctic Information, Interactive and Updated Daily... (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The islands are divided into two groups: L'Occidental (Île aux Cochons, Îlots des Apôtres, Île des Pingouins and Brisants de l'Héroine) and L'Oriental (Île de l'Est and Île de la Possession, which is the largest of the Crozets).
		The Crozet's weather is usually cold, wet, windy and cloudy, but the winters are not severe.
		In 1938 France declared the islands a national park, and they have the largest colonies of King Penguins in the world (more than a third of the world's King Penguin species breeds there).
	www.70south.com /resources/antarctic-islands/crozet/plonearticle_view?None&month:int=11&year:int=2006&orig_query=None (214 words)

	Images Of The Day - Cloud vortices induced by the Crozet Islands - RedOrbit
		Ship-wave-shaped wave clouds and cloud vortices ripple and swirl through this image of the Crozet Islands in the Indian Ocean.
		The ship-wave-shaped clouds are to the left in this image, and look similar to the pattern of waves along a seashore.
		This true-color Aqua MODIS image was acquired on November 2, 2004 Both cloud patterns are the result of the lowest airmass moving over an obstacle - in this case, a set of islands.
	www.redorbit.com /images/iod/?image_id=3865 (0 words)

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