
	Where results make sense

Topic: Crude oil washing

Related Topics

List of English words of Japanese origin

Airbus 380

In the News (Sat 14 Nov 09)

Northern Trust

Marvin Harrison

Peter Chernin

Gary Locke

Match Play

Penelope Cruz

Mickey Rourke

AR Rahman

Danny Boyle

Hugh Jackman

	Crude Oil Washing
		The jets washed the oil residues from the tank surfaces, resulting in a mixture of oil and water which collected at the bottom of the tank and was then pumped overboard.
		Crude oil washing meant that the mixture of oil and water which led to so much operational pollution in the past was virtually ended.
		Crude oil washing was made mandatory for new tankers by the 1978 Protocol to the MARPOL Convention.
	www.imo.org /Environment/mainframe.asp?topic_id=306 (820 words)

	Method for desalting crude oil - Patent 4806231 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The salt content of crude oil is reduced by washing crude oil containing residual salt water with wash water of lower salinity than the water present in the crude oil and allowing the resulting mixture to settle into a layer of crude oil of reduced salt water content and a layer of saline water.
		When an oil reservoir is thin and the oil/water contact is near the bottom of the producing wells, it is a difficult matter to avoid producing water together with fthe crude oil from the beginning.
		This is undesirable because the presence of salt reduces the value of the crude oil, leads to the corrosion and fouling of pipelines and downstream distillation columns and may poison catalysts used in downstream refining processes.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4806231.html (2032 words)

	Crude oil washing - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Crude oil washing (COW) is washing out the residue from the tanks of an oil tanker using the crude oil cargo itself.
		Originally oil tankers used one set of tanks for cargo and about one third of the same tanks were for water ballast on their empty trips.
		Crude oil washing equipment became mandatory for new tankers of 20,000 tons or more deadweight with the 1978 Protocol to the 1973 MARPOL Convention.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Crude_oil_washing (410 words)

	Protocol of 1978 Relating to the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships 17 February 1978
		Unless such oil tanker carries crude oil which is not suitable for crude oil washing, the oil tanker shall operate the system in accordance with the requirements of that Regulation.
		An oil tanker operating with dedicated clean ballast tanks in accordance with the provisions of Regulation 13(9) or (10) of this Annex, shall have adequate tank capacity, dedicated solely to the carriage of clean ballast as defined in Regulation 1(16) of this Annex, to meet the requirements of Regulations 13(2) and (3) of this Annex.
		An oil tanker operating with dedicated clean ballast tanks shall be equipped with an oil content meter, approved by the Administration on the basis of specification recommended by the Organization, to enable supervision of the oil* content in ballast water being discharged.
	sedac.ciesin.org /entri/texts/acrc/marpolp.txt.html (3582 words)

	Crude oil washing systems -
		As late as the middle of the 19th century the only oil transported in large quantities by sea was fuel for oil lamps.
		He struck oil at a depth of 21 metres on 28 August 1859 ' and in a sense the modern age began.
		Some perfumes and medicines are derived from coal: from oil and gases we obtain fertilizers and plastics, weed killers and detergents, clothing and paints.
	www.oceansatlas.org /id/18391 (383 words)

	NVIC 1-81
		Crude oil is discharged through fixed tank washing machines positioned so that oil is sprayed on internal tank bulkheads and structures to remove the oil residue that would normally remain after cargo discharge.
		In this regard, crude oil washing is conducted in the same manner as water washing or "butterworthing" except crude oil is used rather that seawater.
		COW provides an economic benefit because of this increased amount of cargo that is discharged ashore from a tank that is crude oil washed.
	www.uscg.mil /HQ/G-M/NVIC/1_81/n1-81.htm (21172 words)

	[No title]
		The international nature of the oil shipping industry made regulation of oil pollution more difficult than it would have been otherwise, with those countries that had strong shipping interests having little interest in regulating the oil transportation industry and those countries with strong environmental interests having little ability to regulate it.
		Oil companies and independent oil shipping companies have generally supported adoption of these rules as the most economically efficient and appropriate means for reducing oil pollution.
		Oil companies, in their role as cargo owners, were especially supportive of the 1/15,000th limit since it forced independent tanker owners to conserve and recycle oil that would otherwise be dumped overboard.
	darkwing.uoregon.edu /~rmitchel/cases/oil.shtml (1248 words)

	OSG - Overseas Shipholding Group, Inc. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Shipping has been (and still is) an integral part of the development of the oil industry for the simple reason that the main centers of oil demand tend to be a considerable distance away from the producing areas, and that shipping offers the most economical and most flexible way of transporting oil in bulk.
		The fastest-expanding oil exporters are located in the Caspian Sea, Africa and the Arabian Gulf, at considerable distances from their fastest-growing customers (such as those in the Far East) and accordingly, the average voyage length has been rising.
		Aframax crude carriers are typically deployed on short haul or distributive routes where draft or other size restrictions prevent the use of larger tankers or where crude oil is produced or consumed in smaller quantities.
	www.osg.com /oi_tankermarket.htm (1293 words)

	The Merchant Shipping (Prevention of Oil Pollution) Regulations 1996
		(4) In the case of new crude oil tankers, the additional ballast permitted by paragraph (3) shall be carried only in cargo tanks that have been crude oil washed in accordance with regulation 21 before departure from an oil unloading port or terminal.
		This system shall fully comply with the requirements of regulation 21 within one year after the tanker is first engaged in the trade of carrying crude oil or by the end of the third voyage carrying crude oil suitable for crude oil washing, whichever occurs later.
		Unless an oil tanker carries crude oil which is not suitable for crude oil washing, it shall operate the system in accordance with regulation 21.
	www.opsi.gov.uk /si/si1996/Uksi_19962154_en_5.htm (2375 words)

	Static Electricity Discharge Hazard on Bulk Oil Tank Vessels
		Water washing techniques then in use caused the generation of large static charges in the cargo tanks, whose unprecedented size was a causal factor.
		Before washing begins, any tank which is to be used as a source of crude washing fluid should be partly "debottomed" to remove settled water.
		Water wash Mixing of immiscible liquids is inevitable during water wash and is a source of static electricity.
	www.purgit.com /static.html (8027 words)

	Alexander's Gas & Oil Connections - Some interesting and important decisions on tanker time chartering
		Because of a defect in the vessel's crude oil washing (COW) system, the shore terminal refused permission for the vessel to perform COW operations.
		It was found as a fact that a vessel which had an ineffective COW system was not fit to carry crude oil.
		If the defect in the COW system had occurred 5 minutes before delivery, charterers would have no right to demand from owners under Clause 3 (i) that they fix the system, or to place the vessel offhire under Clause 3 (iii) if owners failed to exercise due diligence to do so.
	www.gasandoil.com /GOC/reports/rex82474.htm (1306 words)

	03/26/89 - OIL KEEPS SPREADING IN SOUND ... STATE SAYS ALYESKA'S CLEANUP EFFORT INADEQUATE, SLOW
		But while the oil of the nation's largest spill was left mostly unmolested, the chief of the state Department of Environmental Conservation assailed the Alyeska Pipeline Service Co. for its failure to respond quickly to the disaster.
		As of Saturday evening, the oil slick had extended fingers 10 miles to the west from its original 30squaremile area, and those currentdriven streams were turning south.
		Oil sheen surrounded tiny Reef Island and was lapping at Bligh Island, both on the east shore of the Sound.
	www.adn.com /evos/stories/EV175.html (1376 words)

	PART 2
		All crude oil delivered hereunder shall be consistent with normal stream quality for the type of crude specified in Part 1 of the Agreement, and acceptable to the carriers involved.
		The quantity and quality of common stream crude oil to be transferred in-line or in-tank into a third party facility or via a third party common carrier shall be evidenced by the third party’s delivery ticket.
		The quantities, quality, and gravities of crude oil delivered hereunder shall be determined in accordance with generally accepted industry practices in effect at the time and place of delivery for the receiving carrier.
	www.gov.state.ak.us /bparco/BPoil.html (6217 words)

	June 29, 1999 USCG Statement - Double Hull Requirements for Tank Vessels (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		An estimated spill of 200,000 gallons of crude oil was avoided because the GUARDIAN was constructed with a double hull as required under OPA 90.
		In letters dated March 1, 1999 from the Secretary of Transportation, this report was forwarded to the Speaker of the House and the President of the Senate along with the Coast Guard’s responses to the recommendations made by the Marine Board of the National Research Council.
		In addition, the average annual amount of oil spilled in the U.S. from 1986-1990, before OPA 90 was enacted, was 6.2 gallons per million gallons of oil shipped.
	www.house.gov /transportation/cgmt/hearing/06-29-99/north.html (2716 words)

	2003 CFR Title 33, Volume 2 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Segregated ballast tanks, crude oil washing systems, and dedicated clean ballast tanks for certain new and existing vessels of 40,000 DWT or more.
		Segregated ballast tanks, crude oil washing systems, and dedicated clean ballast tanks for certain new and existing tankships of 20,000 to 40,000 DWT.
		Crude oil washing with more than one grade of crude oil.
	www.access.gpo.gov /nara/cfr/waisidx_03/33cfr157_03.html (324 words)

	Oil Pollution Prevention Regulations
		No ship of 400 tons gross tonnage or more that is put into service on or after the coming into force of these Regulations shall carry oil in a forepeak tank or in a tank forward of the collision bulkhead.
		For the purposes of this Part, "ship" means a Canadian oil tanker of 150 tons gross tonnage or more or any other Canadian ship of 400 tons gross tonnage or more that carries on board oil as fuel or cargo.
		Subject to sections 29, 31, 33 and 34, no oil or oily mixture shall be discharged from a ship in waters under Canadian jurisdiction.
	laws.justice.gc.ca /en/S-9/SOR-93-3/52161.html (6310 words)

	HVE : FoU-bibliografi 1996 : Maritim avdeling
		Gunner, Tim, førsteamanuensis: The Abnormal Corrosion to Crude Oil Tankers : CRUCOR
		Over the next three years a selection of 50 crude oil tankers, representing a cross section of the world's crude oil carrier tonnage will supply data and samples pertaining to the various crude oil cargoes carried on their differing types of voyages.
		However when operating a crude oil wash machine with a crude oil wash medium, particularly when associated with difficult crude oils and heavy precipitated sludges, this deficiency in design and operation becomes relevant from both an economic and operational perspective.
	www-bib.hive.no /hveadm/fou/bibl96/ma.html (2184 words)

	Catalogue - Section 2 - TANKERS
		The COW plan is the basis for the COW operation and it is important that this is prepared with great care and then consistently monitored throughout the entire operation.
		Part of ensuring this relationship is set on a proper professional basis is the completion of the ship-shore safety checklist and does not mean just sitting down and ticking boxes, it requires a full tour of inspection to ensure that all valves, flanges, pumps and other items are correctly positioned and working properly.
		For most tanker Masters and crews, the transfer at sea of oil, liquid gas, or chemicals from ship to ship is not a frequent experience and the potential hazards associated with the operation may not be fully understood.
	www.videotel.co.uk /catalogue/S02_05.asp (2128 words)

	IDESS - Inert Gas and Crude Oil Washing Systems Course
		The course syllabus covers the mandatory minimum requirements prescribed in Section A-V/1 para 10 & 12 of STCW '95 and IMO Resolution A.446(XI) Appendix II as amended by Resolution A.497(XII).
		Trainees who successfully complete this course shall enable masters, chief mates and other appropriately qualified and experienced personnel, to assume overall charge of a crude oil washing operation.
		This course is open to seafarers who have relevant experience appropriate to their duties on oil tankers.
	www.idess.com /cownigs.htm (150 words)

	International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (1973)
		endorsed to the effect that the oil tanker is solely engaged
		Was the discharge monitored during discharge by an oil
		The cargo tanks crude oil washed should be those laid down in
	eelink.net /~asilwildlife/london9.html (3194 words)

	Crude oil washing (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Crude oils vary in color, from clear to tarfl, and in response, opec.
		Crude oil whats in crude oil price of crude oil the middle east.
		From to world oil consumption declined for the first oil exported from venezuela was never.
	crude-oil.beaconfinder.net /crude-oil-washing.html (318 words)

	IA617E - CRUDE OIL WASHINGTON SYSTEMS, 2000s $21.83 IMO (International Maritime Organization) - (800) 596-7245 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Regulation 13 of Annex I of MARPOL 73/78 requires certain ships to operate with a cargo tank cleaning system using crude oil washing.
		The crude oil washing installation, associated equipment and arrangements must meet requirements established by Administrations based on specifications originally adopted by the International Conference on Tanker Safety and Pollution Prevention in 1978.
		Guidelines for in-port inspection of crude oil washing procedures.
	www.mdnautical.com /imo617e.htm (163 words)

	[No title]
		All cargo tanks are equipped with an appropriate number of washing machines which may be of the top mounted programmable or bottom mounted type.
		With respect to the programmable machines the operator is able to program the respective wash angle required.
		Facilities are also provided to allow the taking of a tank sounding whilst washing is in progress.
	www.shipanalytics.com /MS/Sim_crudeoil_cow.asp (79 words)

	Crude oil data
		Selected assay data is provided by HMC-4 members and others in order to assist the industry generally to use best practice with regard to carriage temperatures and crude oil washing.
		The aim is to avoid excessive heating and/or washing, both of which can lead to excess vapour loss.
		The information provided should be read in conjunction with the Energy Institute Hydrocarbon Management publication HM 40 ‘Guidelines for the Crude Oil Washing of Ships’ Tanks and the Heating of Crude Oil terminology used below and is available for download in.pdf format from the Energy Institute
	www.oil-transport.info /Crude_oil_data/crude_oil_data.html (126 words)

	Welcome
		We develop PC-based crude oil tanker cargo handling operations simulation systems for the oil tanker industry.
		The systems have been developed by an experienced team of retired oil tanker officers and software developers, and provide an interactive medium allowing tanker personnel to practise crude oil cargo handling operations in a safe environment.
		The products comply with all the latest international regulations and recommendations including STCW 95, International Safety Guide for Oil Tankers and Terminals (ISGOTT), and the relevant IMO regulations pertaining to Crude Oil Washing (COW) and Inert Gas Systems (IGS) operations.
	www.meridianvisual.com (92 words)

	RIGZONE - Keppel Shipyard Clinches FPSO Conversion Deal from Marathon
		Odin will undergo hull upgrading and modification works which involve procurement, construction and installation of the FPSO hull equipment, including shipboard marine systems, cargo, ballast, inert gas, crude oil washing, fire fighting and electrical and instrumentation.
		The contract also entails the fabrication and installation of topside module support structures, green water protection, modification of the mid-ship moon pool into a cargo tank, turret cone/support structures and caissons for seawater lift pumps.
		Marathon Petroleum Company (Norway) is a wholly owned subsidiary of Marathon Oil Corporation which is a fully integrated energy company engaged in worldwide exploration, development, production and transportation of crude oil and natural gas.
	www.rigzone.com /news/article.asp?a_id=21253 (428 words)

	MMA Course MT0639 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Inert gas and crude oil wash systems (Topic)
		Duties of the Third Mate and Chief Mate aboard a tanker (Topic)
		Lab 8 Inert gas/crude oil washing exercise (Lab)
	weh.mma.mass.edu:81 /stcw/task/MT0639 (62 words)

	IDESS - Inert Gas and Crude Oil Washing Systems Course Schedule
		IDESS - Inert Gas and Crude Oil Washing Systems Course Schedule
		Inert Gas and Crude Oil Washing Systems Course Schedule
		Course to be held on request with at least four weeks notice.
	www.idess.com /cownig-sked.htm (42 words)

Try your search on: Qwika (all wikis)