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| | Crusader States, Kings of Jerusalem & Cyprus, Templars, Hospitallers, Israel, etc. |
 | | Crusader states can also include the lands of the Teutonic and Livonian Knights in the Baltic, which lasted until Prussia was secularized in 1525 and the last Grand Master of the Livonian Knights was made Duke of Courland by Poland in 1561. |
 | | While the Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa and King Philip II Augustus of France went on the Crusade, Frederick died on the way, Philip soon left, and operations were mainly conducted by a third monarch, the King of England, Richard I, the Lion-Heart. |
 | | King 'Abd al-'Azîz Ibn Sa'ûd reportedly told Franklin Roosevelt that if the Jews deserved a state because, among other things, of what the Germans had done, then the state should be carved out of Germany, not out of Palestine. |
| www.friesian.com /outremer.htm (14277 words) |
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