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Topic: Crusader kingdom

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Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem

Kings of Jerusalem family tree

Guy of Lusignan

Siege of Jerusalem (1099)

Amalric I of Jerusalem

Baldwin of Ibelin

Baldwin IV of Jerusalem

Raynald of Chatillon

Baldwin I of Jerusalem

Raymond IV of Toulouse

Saladdin

Principality of Antioch

Third Crusade

Saladin

Sibylla of Jerusalem

	Akko: The Maritime Capital of the Crusader Kingdom
		Crusader kings was located in the northern part of the urban area of Akko, enclosed by massive fortifications.
		Buildings from the Crusader period, including the city walls, were partially or completely buried beneath buildings of the 18th and 19th centuries, when the city was part of the Ottoman Empire.
		Portions of Crusader period streets were uncovered: in the Genoese quarter in the center of the present old city of Akko, a 40 m.-long portion of a roofed street was exposed.
	www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org /jsource/Archaeology/Akko.html (1608 words)

	Kingdom of Jerusalem - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		During Baldwin's reign the Kingdom began to collapse internally, as factions formed behind Baldwin's cousin, Count Raymond III of Tripoli, who led the "nobles' party" of native barons, and Baldwin's incompetent brother-in-law, Guy of Lusignan, who led the "court party", backed by the royal family and relative newcomers to the kingdom.
		A Fourth Crusade was planned after the failure of the Third, but it resulted in the sack of Constantinople in 1204 and the Crusaders involved never arrived in the Kingdom.
		The coat of arms of the Kingdom of Jerusalem, which has gone through several different varieties of a cross or (gold) on an argent (silver) field, is a famous violation of or exception to the rule of tincture in heraldry, which prohibits the placement of metal on metal or colour on colour.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Kingdom_of_Jerusalem (2003 words)

	Crusader states - Wikipedia
		The Crusader states were the feudal territories created by Catholic Western Europeans who arrived in the Orthodox and Muslim Eastern Mediterranean during the Crusades in the 12th and 13th centuries.
		Descendants of the Crusaders continued to rule in Athens and the Peloponnesus or Morea until the 15th century when the area was conquered by the Ottoman Empire.
		During the Northern Crusades, a Monastic State of the Teutonic Knights was founded in Prussia to combat pagan tribes.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Crusader_states (357 words)

	The Crusader and Ayyubid Period
		On 15 July 1099 Jerusalem fell to the Crusaders after a five week siege and the victors proceeded to massacre the city's Muslims and Jews.
		The ¼a href="ef21.htm">Churh of the Holy Sepulchre, the prime destination of the Crusaders, was magnificently restored in stone, in Romanesque fashion.
		The palace of the Patriarch of Jersualem stood west of the church.
	jeru.huji.ac.il /ef1.htm (380 words)

	, ergo we can't include 'quandaryheader.html' like we do elsewhere -->
		Crusader is another historical game from the same stable responsible for Vikings(also Paris 1313, and Louvre: The Final Curse (The Messenger)); and if you have played Vikings, or read the Quandary review, you will be on familiar ground in Crusader.
		Crusader was released about a year prior to Vikings, and it is readily apparent that with Vikings the developers polished and refined some of the sound basic materials present here.
		Crusader is the tale of Arthaud, Lord of Dun-le-Roy, who is on a quest to steal the relics of the true cross and return them to France at the behest of King Philippe.
	www.quandaryland.com /jsp/dispArticle.jsp?index=438 (820 words)

	The Crusades: Secondary Sources
		The Northern Crusades: the Baltic and the Catholic frontier, 1100-1525, London, 1980.
		Crusade and Settlement: papers read at the first conference of the Society for the Study of the Crusades and the Latin East and presented to R. Smail, Cardiff, 1985.
		The Fourth Crusade: the conquest of Constantinople 1201-1204, Philadelphia, 1977 (Leicester, 1978).
	www.the-orb.net /encyclop/religion/crusades/crux-bib.html (772 words)

	Ibelin - Wikipedia
		Ibelin was a castle in the crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem in the 12th century, which gave its name to an important family of nobles.
		The crusader castle was built in 1141 between Jaffa and Ascalon, near Montgisard and Ramla.
		When the Kingdom of Cyprus was destroyed in the 15th century, the Ibelins apparently also lost their lands and positions (and the family possibly went extinct) — the sources, at least, no longer mention them.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ibelin (1278 words)

	saladin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		While Saladin was consolidating his power in Syria, he generally left the Crusader kingdom— the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem— alone, although he was usually victorious whenever he did meet the Crusaders in battle.
		One exception was the Battle of Montgisard in 1177, although he soon recovered and defeated the Crusaders at the Ford of Jacob's Daughters in 1179.
		In July of 1187, Saladin invaded the Kingdom of Jerusalem and annihilated the Crusader army at the Battle of Hattin, a major disaster for the Crusaders and a turning point in the history of the Crusades.
	www.crusades-history.com /Saladin.aspx (1049 words)

	Saudi Aramco World : The Castles of The Crusaders (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Although the army that the crusaders assembled at Nicaea in 1097 was very large by the standards of the time, crippling losses sustained during the long summer march across Anatolia and at the battle of Dorylaeum, left them with not more than 25,000 men to attack mighty Antioch.
		Architecturally, the crusader castles were an extension of the architectural concepts of 12th and 13th century France,—the Franco-Burgundian genius that was giving the world Mont St. Michel, Chartres and Rheims.
		When the crusaders arrived in the Levant at the end of the 11th century, fortification was neither elaborate nor subtle.
	www.saudiaramcoworld.com /issue/197003/the.castles.of.the.crusaders.htm (1535 words)

	Royalty.nu - Royal History - The Crusades
		A concise, general history of the crusades from the first calls to arms in the later 11th century to the fall of the last crusader strongholds in Syria and Palestine in 1291.
		Kingdoms of the Crusaders: From Jerusalem to Cyprus by Peter W. Edbury.
		Frankish Rural Settlement in the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem by Ronnie Ellenblum.
	www.royalty.nu /history/religion/Crusades.html (1686 words)

	Peter Edbury - Publications (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Kingdoms of the Crusaders: from Jerusalem to Cyprus (Aldershot: Variorum Collected Studies, 1999), 350 pp.
		John of Ibelin and the Kingdom of Jerusalem (Woodbridge: Boydell and Brewer, 1997), xviii + 222 pp.
		'Fiefs and Vassals in the Kingdom of Jerusalem: from the Twelfth Century to the Thirteenth', Crusades, 1 (2002), pp.
	www.cf.ac.uk /hisar/people/pe/bib.html (1837 words)

	Paradox Interactive Forums - Kingdom of Lotharingia Mod
		With Emporer Lothar I died in 855, his kingdom was divided into three parts for his three sons: Germany and Italy to one son, France and Burgundy to another, and between these two kingdoms he created a "middle kingdom", Francia Media, for his third son, Lothar II.
		Kingdom of Rus is not that odd idea, though it was first really established a bit after CK end, iirc.
		Kingdom of Lithuania represents the historical grand duchy of Lithuania, I suppose, which is good solution for gameplay reasons.
	www.europa-universalis.com /forum/showthread.php?t=156399 (2329 words)

	DragonBear History: All That: Crusades
		The Crusade was divided against itself from the beginning: Philip and Richard were enemies (or at best, rivals) back home; and the crusader kingdom - what was left of it - was torn between rival factions, one faction looking to Philip for support and the other to Richard.
		Of the realms of Outremer, the foremost was of course the Kingdom of Jerusalem (later the Kingdom of Acre).
		The affairs of the kingdom were mostly run by the High Court, a council made up of the ranking peers of the realm, clergy of the major cities, and officers of the kingdom (the constable, the seneschal, etc.).
	www.dragonbear.com /crusades.html (2868 words)

	Catholic, Crusader, Leper and King
		She was the oldest in the family and whoever she married would inherit the kingdom.
		Limp-wristed and disliked by many of the crusader barons, Guy was not suitable to reign and Baldwin was forced to remain on the throne.
		Having done his best to provide for his kingdom, Baldwin IV relinquished his soul to God on May 16, 1185 and was buried in the Church of the Holy Sepulcher.
	www.tfp.org /TFPForum/western_civilization/baldwin_leper_king.htm (2530 words)

	Battle of Hattin, 4 July 1187
		The battle of Hattin was the greatest disaster to befall the crusader states, and saw the destruction of the Kingdom of Jerusalem.
		However, to maintain their numbers they needed to attract new crusaders from the west, and these new crusaders were much less willing to live peacefully with the infidels that they had come to fight.
		In normal circumstances this move would have been a mistake for Saladin, as the crusader army was quite close to his in numbers, and would have been able to punch a hole in the weakened Muslim cordon, but after a day and a night without water the crusader army had lost much of it's cohesion.
	www.rickard.karoo.net /articles/battles_hattin.html (1389 words)

	ptolemais
		The Crusader presence in the Holy Land was reduced to the old Phoenician city of Tyre, to the north.
		Acre was the Crusader foothold in the Holy Land, facing constant Muslim threat.
		The palace of the Crusader kings, enclosed by massive fortifications, was located in the northern part of the city.
	www.ourfatherlutheran.net /biblehomelands/galilee/ptolemais.htm (1927 words)

	Chapter 3: The Crusader Kingdom of Valencia
		During the crusade the dispute between the metropolitans of Toledo and of Tarragona -- respectively Roderick Simon of Rada and Peter of Albalat -- smoldered warmly.
		Ramón Menéndez Pidal, studying the linguistic evolution of the Christian kingdom of Valencia, was struck by the sharply defined difference even of dialect between the north and the south.
		He was active in the crusade, assisted at provincial councils, presided over the sudden expansion of his diocese into Valencia, and reorganized the canonical regime at his cathedral.
	libro.uca.edu /ck/ck3.htm (9183 words)

	Kingdom of Jerusalem (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Christian Crusader kingdom in the Middle East from 1099 till 1291, with the city of Jerusalem as its capital through most of this period.
		Their loyalties were to the kingdom, not Europe, they often started to speak Greek or Arabic, and many married local women, preferably Christians, but sometimes even Muslims.
		The French nobleman Godfrey of Bouillon, leader of one of the armies of the Crusade, was chosen to govern the the conquered lands with the titles of baron and Defender of the Holy Sepulchre.
	i-cias.com /e.o/jerusalem_kingd.htm (872 words)

	CALIFORNIA STATE NUMISMATIC ASSOCIATION Home Page
		The Crusades are generally thought of as a series of Wars between the forces of Christianity and Islam in the levant---Byzantine territories and parts of Greece, the middle East, and Egypt---beginning with the First Crusade in 1096, and brought to a conclusion by the conquest of Constantinople by the Turks in 1453.
		Crusade histories and numismatic texts focus on this era and region as if holy wars were unique to that time and place.
		Recent scholarship on the crusades has expanded the definition to include holy wars approved by the Pope as political-religious conflicts between Christian forces and a region which was not Christian (or was suffering from some loathsome heresy) which was to be brought under the control of the faithful by force of arms.
	www.coinmall.com /CSNA/art004.htm (2040 words)

	Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Frankish rural settlement in the Latin kingdom of Jerusalem.(Review)
		The churches of the crusader kingdom of Jerusalem: a corpus.(Review)
		The Leper King and His Heirs: Baldwin IV and the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/x/x-l1atink1in.asp (268 words)

	Sample Chapter for Burns, R.I.: Diplomatarium of the Crusader Kingdom of Valencia: The Registered Charters of Its ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The wreckage of his crusade that year by storm at sea, and the emotional storms of romantic love and shame (played out to the comment of troubadour and pope), constitute together one of the best-known episodes of the king's career.
		The king appoints Ramon de Montcada for life "in the office of majordomo of the kingdom of Valencia" to serve whenever the king is in that kingdom, the actual work to be done by a sub-appointee of Montcada's choice (602).
		In this case the king was closing a tower bordering the Jewish cemetery and the castle at Játiva, to restrict the range of the stones (820).
	www.pupress.princeton.edu /chapters/i7081.html (7990 words)

	Four Fat Chicks -- Crusader: A Conspiracy in the Kingdom of Jerusalem
		Crusader: A Conspiracy in the Kingdom of Jerusalem
		Crusader, like Vikings and Genesys, features "riddles" that organize the gameplay, interspersed with well-produced cutscenes that advance the plot.
		Crusader offers a much more complex story and gameplay, but the basic concept of the games is almost identical.
	fourfatchicks.com /Reviews/Crusader/Crusader.shtml (1430 words)

	Paradox Interactive Forums - Standard duchies and kingdoms borders bugfix discussion
		This thread is solely for discussion of modifying the province composition of duchies and kingdoms in province.csv.
		This is not for discussion of borders of a duchy or kingdom at any particular moment in time, but rather which provinces should be "natural" for duchies and kingdoms.
		I mean, there is a kingdom and a duchy of Navarra, and Galicia was no less a kingdom (it was among the titles of the Castillan kings).
	www.europa-universalis.com /forum/showthread.php?t=148943&page=1 (2256 words)

	Series - Cambridge University Press
		The Churches of the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem
		This three-volume series presents a complete corpus of all the church buildings, of both the western and the oriental rites, rebuilt or simply in use in the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem between the capture of Jerusalem for the First Crusade in 1099 and the loss of Acre in 1291.
		The Churches of the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem: A Corpus
	www.cup.cam.ac.uk /series/sSeries.asp?code=CCKJ (157 words)

	Crusader States, Kings of Jerusalem & Cyprus, Templars, Hospitallers, Israel, etc.
		Crusader states can also include the lands of the Teutonic and Livonian Knights in the Baltic, which lasted until Prussia was secularized in 1525 and the last Grand Master of the Livonian Knights was made Duke of Courland by Poland in 1561.
		The Kingdom of Jerusalem included three significant feudal dependencies: the County of Edessa (1098-1144), the Principality of Antioch (1098-1268), and the County of Tripoli (1109-1289).
		To be sure, the Crusaders in the 12th century displayed a great deal more brutality than the armies of the Caliph 'Umar had in the 7th, with Jews and even Christians as well as Moslems falling in the occasional indiscriminate slaughters; but they also came from what was actually a much more barbarous place.
	www.friesian.com /outremer.htm (13741 words)

	Kingdom of Heaven (2005)
		Balian of Ibelin travels to Jerusalem during the crusades of the 12th century, and there he finds himself as the defender of the city and its people.
		In Kingdom of Heaven, Orlando Bloom plays Balian, a former flsmith turned knight, at the siege of Jerusalem in the late 12th century.
		The violence makes itself known in every other scene, as to be expected in the genre, but with the quick cut, hand-held blurriness and slomo now characteristic of war films that eschew realism for artiness and thereby lose the sense of reality.
	www.imdb.com /title/tt0320661 (816 words)

	Bibliography for HS1815 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The Accession of Baldwin II and the Nobility of the Kingdom of Jerusalem', Medieval Prosopography, 13 (1992)
		Tibble, Monarchy and Lordships in the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem, 1099-1291 (1989)
		Ellenblum, Frankish Rural Settlement in the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem (1998)
	www.cf.ac.uk /hisar/people/pe/teaching/1815bib.html (3020 words)

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