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	Cryolite Mineral Data
		Comments: Massive, white cryolite with solution cavities lined with prismatic Thomsenolite crystals.
		Comments: Massive cryolite with one section of lustrous crystal faces.
		Hawthorne F C, Ferguson R B, The Canadian Mineralogist, 13 (1975) p.377-382, Refinement of the crystal structure of cryolite
	webmineral.com /data/Cryolite.shtml (372 words)

	CRYOLITE - LoveToKnow Article on CRYOLITE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		From its general appearance, and from the fact that it melts readily, even in a candle-flame, it was regarded by the Eskimos as a peculiar kind of ice; from this fact it acquired the n.ame of cryolite (from Gr.
		Cryolite likewise occurs, though only to a limited extent, at Miyask, ifs the Ilmen Mountains; at Pikes Peak, Colorado, and in the Yellowstone Park.
		Although cryolite is known as ice-stone (Eisstein), it is not to be confused with ice-spar (Eisspath), which is a vitreous kind of felspar termed glassy felspar or rhyacolite.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /C/CR/CRYOLITE.htm (380 words)

	Fluoride from pesticide residues (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		EPA concluded in the cryolite RED that the qualitative nature of the residue in plants is understood and that plant residues are inorganic surface residues of cryolite which are measured as fluoride.
		EPA concluded in the cryolite RED that cryolite metabolism in animals manifests itself as free fluoride, that the qualitative nature of the residue is understood and that total fluoride is the residue of concern.
		In the RED EPA estimated dietary exposure to cryolite from all crops to be approximately 0.020 mg/kg/day for the U.S. population, 0.024 mg/kg/day for children ages 1 to 6, 0.015 mg/kg/day for children ages 7 to 12 and 0.028 mg/kg/day for the highest exposed subgroup (nursing females 13+ years).
	www.rvi.net /~fluoride/000030.htm (3769 words)

	Cryolite - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Cryolite made an excellent flux to make the process less expensive.
		Now natural cryolite is too rare to be used for this purpose and artificial sodium hexafluoroaluminate is produced to fill the void.
		This means that if immersed in water, a perfectly clear colorless crystal of cryolite or powdered cryolite will essentially disappear.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cryolite (202 words)

	Cryolite - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		It is very difficult to remove atoms of aluminium from atoms of oxygen which is necessary in order to produce aluminium metal.
		A curious note about cryolite is the fact that it has a low index of refraction close to that of water.
		Even a specimen of cloudy cryolite will become more transparent and its edges will be less distinct, an effect similar to ice in water except that the ice floats.
	www.sevenhills.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Cryolite (256 words)

	Cryolite (15096-52-3 and 13775-53-6). US Federal Register. Compiled by Fluoride Action Network Pesticide Project.
		In June 1996, the cryolite RED recommended that the tolerances for beets, roots; radish, roots, rutabaga, roots; and turnip, roots be revoked because the registrant intended to request voluntary cancellation.
		Accordingly, the Agency is proposing to revoke tolerances in 40 CFR 180.145 for residues of fluorine compounds cryolite and synthetic cryolite (sodium aluminum fluoride) in or on beets, roots; radish, roots; rutabaga, roots; and turnip, roots.
		EPA proposes to establish a pesticide tolerance for residues of the insecticidal fluorine compounds cryolite and/or synthetic cryolite (sodium aluminum fluoride) in or on the raw agricultural commodity potatoes at 2 ppm and a feed additive regulation for the animal feed commodity, potato waste resulting from the processing of treated potatoes at 22 ppm.
	www.fluoridealert.org /pesticides/fr.cryolite.htm (1122 words)

	cryolite (Kryocide) Pesticide Tolerance Petition Filing 4/97 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		EPA concluded in the May 8, 1996 Federal Register and reiterated in the cryolite RED that the qualitative nature of the residue in plants is understood and that plant residues are inorganic surface residues of cryolite which are measured as fluoride.
		EPA concluded in the May 8, 1996 Federal Register and reiterated in the cryolite RED that cryolite metabolism in animals manifests itself as free fluoride, that the qualitative nature of the residue is understood and that total fluoride is the residue of concern.
		Cryolite was tested in an in vitro chromosome aberration assay (MRID 41838402) using human lymphocytes at 100, 500, and 1,000 micrograms/ml, with and without activation.
	pmep.cce.cornell.edu /profiles/insect-mite/cadusafos-cyromazine/cryolite/pest-tol-pet-cryolite.html (4183 words)

	Directions for Agents/Specialists Regarding Cryolite Section 18 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Cryolite: Supplemental Labelling The Environmental Protection Agency hereby grants a specific exemption under the provisions of Section 18 of the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act, as amended, to the New York Department of Environmental Conservation for the use of sodium fluoaluminate (cryolite) to control Colorado Potato Beetles on potatoes.
		Cryolite is selective in its activity because while it will kill larvae of the Colorado potato beetle, other pests of the potato insect complex such as aphids and potato leafhopper are unaffected.
		The active ingredient in cryolite insecticides (sodium fluoaluminate) acts solely as a stomach poison and must be ingested as a residue on foliage to be effective.
	pmep.cce.cornell.edu /regulation/nysdec-lib/section18/dir.cryolite.18.90.html (2210 words)

	Cryolite-English-HTML
		Cryolite is a powerful flux rather low in iron, used especially in glass for its strong solvent action on oxides such as SiO2, Al2O3 and CaO with which it forms eutectics at low melting temperatures.
		Cryolite is the most stable form for supplying fluoride in glass and glazes because of its high alumina content.
		Cryolite is used in some Shino glazes in which the role of fluorine allows to intensify colors and facilitate the migration of iron to the surface while it escapes as a gas through the glaze in fusion.
	www.digitalfire.com /education/toxicity/cryolite-english.html (1412 words)

	Glossary: Synthetic cryolite
		Synthetic cryolite is a white crystalline powder manufactured from hydrofluoric acid, sodium carbonate, and aluminium.
		Synthetic cryolite is used chiefly as a flux in the electrolytic production of aluminum as it effectively lowers down the melting point of alumina.
		Cryolite is a relatively safe fruit and vegetable insecticide.
	www.greenfacts.org /glossary/pqrs/synthetic-cryolite.htm (144 words)

	VERC - Cryolite on grapes/Fluoride in wines
		Cryolite, with an active ingredient of sodium alumnofluoraminate, is an insecticide used primarily in the San Joaquin Valley to control western grapeleaf skeletonizer, omnivorous leaf roller, and orange tortrix.
		Cryolite applications were thought to cause increased fluoride levels, which led to wines with unacceptable levels of fluoride for export.
		Therefore, Cryolite application rate and timing are critical to ensure adequate insect control and minimize fluoride residues.
	cati.csufresno.edu /verc/rese/96/960601 (1039 words)

	ABSTRACT (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The deposit was sharply divided into siderite-cryolite, pure cryolite, fluorite-cryolite and fluorite-topaz units which overlay a large siderite-quartz unit.
		Although there is no evidence for cryptic changes in the minerals of the siderite-cryolite unit, a residual pure cryolite unit developed and a subsequent deficiency in Na led to the appearance of chiolite-rich material.
		Some fluorite was partly mixed with cryolite forming the fluorite-cryolite while the remainder accompanied topaz in the underlying fluorite-topaz unit.
	www.dpc.dk /polarpubs/MoG/GeoAbstracts/Geo37Abst.html (350 words)

	Mineralogical Record: Alumino-fluorides from the Morefield pegmatite
		Primary aluminum fluoride minerals of the pegmatite are topaz and cryolite.
		The paragenetic sequence of secondary aluminum fluorides observed in the pocket is: cryolite to elpasolite and chiolite, followed by thomsenolite, pachnolite and finally ralstonite.
		The Morefield elpasolite is associated with prosopite, cryolite, chiolite, thomsenolite, pachnolite and ralstonite.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3672/is_199511/ai_n8729056 (1231 words)

	World Intellectual Property Organization (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		transferring the molten cryolite and dissolved alumina from the melting furnace to an electrolytic cell comprising a vessel which is separate from the melting furnace and which is free of permanent interconnection therewith; and d.
		In the furnace, the alumina and cryolite mixture is heated to a temperature that is higher than the melting point of cryolite and mixing the cryolite and alumina until the alumina dissolves in molten cryolite.
		If desirable, the spent cryolite and aluminum can be removed from the cell (20) and passed through a separator (50), in which aluminum metal (60) is separated from the molten cryolite (55), which is depleted of alumina.
	www.wipo.int /ipdl/IPDL-CIMAGES/view/pct/getbykey5?KEY=03/89686.031030&ELEMENT_SET=DECL (5223 words)

	Efficacy of Cryolite Bait Against Black Vine Weevil in Raspberries - WSU Vancouver, Lynden Satellite Station Report (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Cryolite Bait, manufactured by the Gowan Company was registered temporarily in Washington under section 24(c) during the 1999 season.
		At the time of the application, fl vine weevils had completed their development in the soil and most if not all had transformed to the adult stage, emerged from the soil, and were active in the red raspberry canopy.
		The difference between both rates of cryolite and the untreated check was not statistically significant 3 days after treatment but was at 7 and 14 days after treatment.
	www.vancouver.wsu.edu /programs/cahe/wsureu/lynden/cryolit/Cryorep99.htm (845 words)

	Cryolite
		Solubility of alumina in cryolite melts: Measurements and modeling at 1300 K : An article from: Metallurgical and Materials Transactions
		Paragenetic relations in the main cryolite ore of Ivigtut, South Greenland (Miscellaneous papers)
		Cryolite and barium fluosilicate: Their use as insecticides (Bulletin / Agricultural Experiment Station, University of Tennessee)
	www.veryhappening.com /things/cryolite (145 words)

	Cryolite
		The cryolite RED concluded that the toxicological data base was adequate for a reregistration eligibility decision for numerous crop uses, including potatoes.
		Cryolite was negative in an Ames reverse mutation test (MRID 41838401) using Salmonella typhimurium with and without activation at dose levels of 167, 500, 1,670, 5,000, 7,500, and 10,000
		Cryolite was tested in an in vitro chromosome aberration assay (MRID 41838402) using human lymphocytes at 100, 500, and 1,000
	www.sonic.net /~kryptox/environ/cryolit.htm (4129 words)

	CRYOLITE - Online Information article about CRYOLITE
		group of kindred minerals, some of which are evidently products of alteration of the cryolite, known as pachnolite, thomsenolite, ralstonite, gearksutite, arksutite, andc.
		Cryolite likewise occurs, though only to a limited extent, at Miyask, in the Ilmen Mountains; at See also:
		Although cryolite is known as ice-stone " (Eisstein), it is not to be confused with "ice-spar" (Eisspath), which is a vitreous kind of See also:
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /CRE_DAH/CRYOLITE.html (568 words)

	Identification
		Purple Cryolite is an artifact due to shock from blasting.
		Cryolite situated near the blast in drill holes turned chalky white with a distinct purple shade.
		Cryolite is scratched by Calcite, the others are not, Cryolite, Fluorite, Metajarlite, and Weberite are scratched by a knife.
	www.minershop.com /html/identification.html (3866 words)

	Cryolite guide to aid growers, vinters (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Cryolite is an effective insecticide used in California to control western grapeleaf skeletonizer, omnivorous leaf roller, and orange tortrix.
		Since fluoride is part of cryolite's active ingredient, cryolite applications hvae been linked to the increased fluoride levels in wine.
		No matter what the specific cryolite application, fluoride levels may vary from year to year and from location to location, depending on the applicator, the amount of rainfall, other vineyard applications, and the local water and soil conditions.
	www.atinet.org /newcati/upda/96/summer/story11.html (516 words)

	Cryolite: Pesticide Tolerance Petition
		The cryolite RED concluded that the toxicological data base supports a reregistration eligibility decision for numerous crops, including head lettuce, leaf lettuce, cabbage, collards, eggplant, tomatoes, citrus (crop group), grapes, and peaches.
		For chronic dietary exposure to cryolite, EPA has concluded that rather than establishing a traditional Reference Dose (RfD), a weight-of-the-evidence risk assessment is a more appropriate approach.
		EPA has concluded previously that in rats, the developmental NOEL for cryolite is 3,000 mg/kg/day (1,584 mg/kg/day F), that in mice, the developmental NOEL is 100 mg/kg/day (52.8 mg/kg/day F) and that in rabbits, the developmental NOEL is 30 mg/kg/day (15.8 mg/kg/day F).
	www.fluoridealert.org /cryolite-FR97.htm (3829 words)

	Cryolite Metabolism
		Cryolite is formulated as dusts, wettable powders and water dispersible granulars and can be applied by ground or aerial spray.
		Cryolite was first registered as a pesticide in the U.S. in 1957.
		The commonly used pesticide, cryolite (containing both aluminium and fluoride), is found at alarmingly high rates in foods that easily absorb chemicals, such as potato skins, white grapes and strawberries.
	www.pahealthsystems.com /message452737.html (1944 words)

	CRYOLITE (Sodium Aluminum Fluoride)
		Cryolite is an uncommon mineral of very limited natural distribution.
		Now it is too rare to be used for this purpose and sodium aluminum fluoride is produced artificially to fill the void.
		Also there is no salty taste which is helpful in distinguishing cryolite from the mineral halite.
	mineral.galleries.com /minerals/halides/cryolite/cryolite.htm (349 words)

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