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Cryptococcus Species Cryptococcus neoformans is the causative agent of cryptococcosis. Cryptococcus neoformans produces phenoloxidase enzyme that results in production of melanin and thus a brown to fl discoloration of the colony when it is grown on caffeic acid agar or bird seed agar. Cryptococcus neoformans as a cause of lytic bone lesions. www.doctorfungus.org /thefungi/Cryptococcus.htm   (1301 words)

Cryptococcus neoformans - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Cryptococcus neoformans is an encapsulated yeastlike fungus that can live in both plants and animals. This species, also known as Filobasidiella (Cryptococcus) neoformans, belongs to the broad class of organisms called "club fungi" or Division Basidiomycota, which is one the five major types of fungi. The India ink test is still used for direct visualization of the spore in CSF; the particles of ink pigment do not enter the clear proteinaceous capsule that surrounds the smaller spherical spore, resulting in a pathognomonic "haloed" appearance. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cryptococcus_neoformans   (297 words)

Budding of melanized Cryptococcus neoformans in the presence or absence of L-dopa -- Nosanchuk and Casadevall 149 (7): ... Budding of melanized Cryptococcus neoformans in the presence or absence of L-dopa -- Nosanchuk and Casadevall 149 (7): 1945 -- Microbiology Synthesis of polymerized melanin by Cryptococcus neoformans in infected rodents. Susceptibility of melanized and nonmelanized Cryptococcus neoformans to nitrogen- and oxygen-derived oxidants. mic.sgmjournals.org /cgi/content/full/149/7/1945   (3609 words)

What Makes Cryptococcus neoformans a Pathogen? Cryptococcosis, with emphasis on the significance of isolation of Cryptococcus neoformans from the respiratory tract. Wang Y, Casadevall A. Susceptibility of melanized and nonmelanized Cryptococcus neoformans to nitrogen- and oxygen-derived oxidants. Biochemical and molecular characterization of the diphenol oxidase of Cryptococcus neoformans: identification as a laccase. www.cdc.gov /ncidod/eid/vol4no1/buchanan.htm   (6683 words)

Cryptococcus neoformans Project Information The Cryptococcus neoformans Serotype A sequencing project reflects a collaboration between the Fungal Genome Initiative at the Broad Institute and Fred Dietrich at the Duke Center for Genome Technology. Cryptococcus neoformans is an encapsulated fungal pathogen causing fatal meningitis in humans. Cryptococcus neoformans is unique among the most common human fungal pathogens in that it is a basidiomycete, thus it is evolutionarily divergent from the more common pathogenic ascomycetes (e.g., Candida albicans) and more closely related to wood rotting fungi (e.g., Phanerochaete chrysosporium), mushrooms (e.g., Coprinus cinereus), and plant pathogens (e.g., Ustilago maydis). www.broad.mit.edu /annotation/fungi/cryptococcus_neoformans/background.html   (618 words)

Usual Susceptibility Patterns for Cryptococcus spp. In vitro synergy between amphotericin B and flucytosine or rifampin was observed for Cryptococcus neoformans strains isolated from patients who failed to respond to amphotericin B therapy [1918]. In vitro data suggest that activities of amphotericin B and fluconazole against Cryptococcus neoformans may be enhanced by caspofungin [746]. In vitro susceptibilities of Candida and Cryptococcus neoformans isolates from blood cultures of neutropenic patients. www.doctorfungus.org /thelabor/cry_usua.htm   (1495 words)

Characterization of a Murine Monoclonal Antibody to Cryptococcus neoformans Polysaccharide That Is a Candidate for ...   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08) Characterization of a Murine Monoclonal Antibody to Cryptococcus neoformans Polysaccharide That Is a Candidate for Human Therapeutic Studies -- Casadevall et al. Tucker, S. C., Casadevall, A. Replication of Cryptococcus neoformans in macrophages is accompanied by phagosomal permeabilization and accumulation of vesicles containing polysaccharide in the cytoplasm. A Cryptococcal Capsular Polysaccharide Mimotope Prolongs the Survival of Mice with Cryptococcus neoformans Infection. aac.asm.org /cgi/content/abstract/42/6/1437   (1079 words)

CNLAC1 Is Required for Extrapulmonary Dissemination of Cryptococcus neoformans but Not Pulmonary Persistence -- Noverr ...   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08) Cryptococcus neoformans mating and virulence are regulated by the G-protein alpha subunit GPA1 and cAMP. Survey of Cryptococcus neoformans in the respiratory tract of patients with bronchopulmonary disorders and in the air. Growth of Cryptococcus neoformans in the presence of L-dopa decreases its susceptibility to amphoteracin B. Antimicrob. iai.asm.org /cgi/content/full/72/3/1693   (4071 words)

Immunoglobulin M Efficacy Against Cryptococcus neoformans: Mechanism, Dose Dependence, and Prozone-Like Effects in ... Cryptococcus neoformans is a facultative intracellular pathogen in murine pulmonary infection. Antibody immunity to Cryptococcus neoformans: paradigm for antibody immunity to the fungi?. Persistent Cryptococcus neoformans infection in the rat is associated with intracellular parasitism, decreased inducible nitric oxide synthase expression and altered antibody responsiveness. www.jimmunol.org /cgi/content/full/166/3/2100   (6070 words)

Canine and Feline Cryptococcosis Cryptococcus neoformans is the species that primarily causes this disease in domestic pets. Cryptococcus neoformans differs from other dimorphic fungi in that it is always found in the yeast phase in laboratory cultures and infected tissues. Cryptococcus neoformans can be cultured from exudates, spinal fluid, urine, joint fluid, and tissue samples on Sabouraud’s agar with antibiotics at 25-37°C. Figure 2. www.vet.uga.edu /vpp/clerk/reynolds   (1987 words)

A Yeast under Cover: the Capsule of Cryptococcus neoformans -- Bose et al. 2 (4): 655 -- Eukaryotic Cell Cryptococcus neoformans and cryptococcal glucuronoxylomannan, galactoxylomannan, and mannoprotein induce different levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Pathogenesis of pulmonary Cryptococcus neoformans infection in the rat. Replication of Cryptococcus neoformans in macrophages is accompanied by phagosomal permeabilization and accumulation of vesicles containing polysaccharide in the cytoplasm. ec.asm.org /cgi/content/full/2/4/655   (5723 words)

Mycology Online -- Cryptococcus Cryptococcus gattii is an encapsulated basidiomycete yeast-like fungus with a predilection for the respiratory and nervous system of humans and animals. The distribution of cryptococcosis due to Cryptococcus gattii is geographically restricted, non-immunocompromised hosts are usually affected, large mass lesions in lung and/or brain (cryptococcomas) are characteristic and morbidity from neurological disease is high. Kwon-Chung K.J., Polacheck I., and Bennett J.E. Improved diagnostic medium for separation of Cryptococcus neoformans var. www.mycology.adelaide.edu.au /Fungal_Descriptions/Yeasts/Cryptococcus/C_gattii.html   (606 words)

[Frontiers in Bioscience 2, e99-107, November 1, 1997]   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08) Cryptococcus neoformans and the role of melanin in virulence Cryptococcus has been found to be inhibited by a variety of cells including alveolar macrophages (47), microglial cells (48), neutrophils and monocytes (49), NK cells (50), and astrocytes (51). Williamson PR: Biochemical and molecular characterization of the diphenol oxidase of Cryptococcus neoformans: identification as a laccase. bioscience.org /1997/v2/e/william/e99-107.htm   (5435 words)

Cryptococcus, cutaneous on the hand   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08) Cryptococcus is a yeast (type of fungus) that seldom causes infection, but is considered opportunistic (it affects people with weakened immune systems). Cryptococcus is one of the more common life-threatening fungal infections in AIDS patients. The information provided herein should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. www.shands.org /health/imagepages/1382.htm   (108 words)

Cryptococcus neoformans mating and virulence are regulated by the G-protein alpha  subunit GPA1 and cAMP -- Alspaugh ...   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08) Cryptococcus neoformans mating and virulence are regulated by the G-protein alpha  subunit GPA1 and cAMP -- Alspaugh et al. Cryptococcus neoformans mating and virulence are regulated by the G-protein Budding of melanized Cryptococcus neoformans in the presence or absence of L-dopa www.genesdev.org /cgi/content/abstract/11/23/3206   (2525 words)

Cryptococcus neoformans Chemotyping by Quantitative Analysis of 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectra of ... Cryptococcus neoformans Chemotyping by Quantitative Analysis of 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectra of Glucuronoxylomannans with a Computer-Simulated Artificial Neural Network -- Cherniak et al. Garcia-Hermoso, D., Dromer, F., Janbon, G. Cryptococcus neoformans Capsule Structure Evolution In Vitro and during Murine Infection. Duro, R. M., Netski, D., Thorkildson, P., Kozel, T. Contribution of Epitope Specificity to the Binding of Monoclonal Antibodies to the Capsule of Cryptococcus neoformans and the Soluble Form of Its Major Polysaccharide, Glucuronoxylomannan. cdli.asm.org /cgi/content/abstract/5/2/146   (707 words)

Identification of App1 as a regulator of phagocytosis and virulence of Cryptococcus neoformans -- Luberto et al. 112 ...   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08) Identification of App1 as a regulator of phagocytosis and virulence of Cryptococcus neoformans -- Luberto et al. Cryptococcus neoformans resides in an acidic phagolysosome of human macrophages. Tucker, S.C., and Casadevall, A. Replication of Cryptococcus neoformans in macrophages is accompanied by phagosomal permeabilization and accumulation of vesicles containing polysaccharide in the cytoplasm. www.jci.org /cgi/content/full/112/7/1080   (8372 words)

Prevalence of Cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans (Serotype D) and Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii (Serotype A) ...   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08) Serotyping of Cryptococcus neoformans strains isolated from clinical specimens in Thailand and their susceptibility to various antifungal agents. Serotypes of Cryptococcus neoformans isolated from patients prior to and during the AIDS era in Thailand. Serotyping of 27 Cryptococcus neoformans strains isolated in Venezuela. jcm.asm.org /cgi/content/full/38/5/1974   (1558 words)

Cryptococcus albidus-induced Summer-type Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis -- MIYAGAWA et al. 161 (3): 961 -- American ... Cryptococcus albidus is a saprophytic fungus that is often found in the air (29). Analysis of Trichosporon cutaneum and Cryptococcus neoformans antigens by crossed immunoelectrophoresis using antiserum, sera and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid obtained from patients with summer-type hypersensitivity pneumonitis [Japanese]. Detection of a Trichosporon beigelii antigen cross-reactive with Cryptococcus neoformans capsular polysaccharide in serum from a patient with disseminated Trichosporon infection. ajrccm.atsjournals.org /cgi/content/full/161/3/961   (3111 words)

Cryptococcosis in the era of AIDS--100 years after the discovery of Cryptococcus neoformans -- Mitchell and Perfect 8 ... Kingsbury, J. M., Yang, Z., Ganous, T. M., Cox, G. M., McCusker, J. Cryptococcus neoformans Ilv2p confers resistance to sulfometuron methyl and is required for survival at 37 {degrees}C and in vivo. Alspaugh, J. A., Perfect, J. R., Heitman, J. Cryptococcus neoformans mating and virulence are regulated by the G-protein alpha  subunit GPA1 and cAMP. Steenbergen, J. N., Casadevall, A. Prevalence of Cryptococcus neoformans var. cmr.asm.org /cgi/content/abstract/8/4/515   (4061 words)

template.html   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08) Cryptococcus neoformans has not been found to be spread from person to person. In Uganda, Cryptococcus is responsible for 13% of all AIDS related deaths. Cryptococcus can be detected through a spinal tap. www.wou.edu /las/natsci_math/biology/boomer/Bio440/emerging2002/cabal/cabal.html   (555 words)

Temperature-Regulated Transcription in the Pathogenic Fungus Cryptococcus neoformans -- Steen et al. 12 (9): 1386 -- ...   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08) Currie, B., Sanati, H., Ibrahim, A.S., Edwards, J.E., Casadevall, A., and Ghannoum, M.A. Sterol compositions and susceptibilities to amphotericin B of environmental Cryptococcus neoformans isolates are changed by murine passage. Martinez, L.R., Garcia-Rivera, J., and Casadevall, A. Cryptococcus neoformans var. Sia, R.A., Lengeler, K.B., and Heitman, J. Diploid strains of the pathogenic basidiomycete Cryptococcus neoformans are thermally dimorphic. www.genome.org /cgi/content/full/12/9/1386   (6400 words)

Cryptococcus neoformans cDNA Sequencing Cryptococcus neoformans is an encapsulated yeast that infects the human host via the respiratory tract where it usually causes an inapparent infection. The Cryptococcus neoformans serotypes A and D are responsible for the overwhelming majority of pulmonary infections in AIDS patients. Cryptococcus neoformans Serotype A database at the Whitehead Institute, Boston www.genome.ou.edu /cneo.html   (898 words)

Doering Lab: Study of the Cryptococcus neoformans capsule Predicting genes in the genome sequence of Cryptococcus neoformans, a fungal pathogen with numerous extremely short introns. RNA interference in the pathogenic fungus Cryptococcus neoformans. The antibody response to Cryptococcus neoformans proteins in rodents and humans. www.microbiology.wustl.edu /dept/fac/doering/publications.html   (1117 words)

Evolutionary Divergence of an Elongation Factor 3 from Cryptococcus neoformans -- Blakely et al. 183 (7): 2241 -- The ...   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08) Cryptococcus neoformans is an important fungal pathogen which causes a lethal meningoencephalitis in a significant number Susceptibilities of serial Cryptococcus neoformans isolates from patients with recurrent cryptococcal meningitis to amphotericin B and fluconazole. Phenotypic switching in the human pathogenic fungus Cryptococcus neoformans is associated with changes in virulence and pulmonary inflammatory response in rodents. jb.asm.org /cgi/content/full/183/7/2241   (4350 words)

Encephalomyelitis due to Cryptococcus neoformans var gattii presenting as spinal tumour: case report and review of the ... Encephalomyelitis due to Cryptococcus neoformans var gattii presenting as spinal tumour: case report and review of the literature -- Grosse et al. Encephalomyelitis due to Cryptococcus neoformans var gattii presenting as spinal tumour: case report and review of the literature Cryptococcus neoformans var gatti, commonly considered a disease www.jnnp.com /cgi/content/abstract/70/1/113   (175 words)

eMedicine - Cryptococcosis : Article by John W King, MD Synonyms and related keywords: Busse-Buschke disease, European blastomycosis, torulosis, Cryptococcus neoformans, C neoformans, Cryptococcus neoformans var gattii, C neoformans var gattii, C neoformans var neoformans, Cryptococcus neoformans var neoformans, cryptococcal infection, yeast infection, cryptococci, fungal infection, cryptococcoma, pigeon feces, bird feces, pigeon excreta, bird excreta, avian feces, avian excreta, meningitis, cryptococcal meningitis, cryptococcal lung infection Levitz SM: The ecology of Cryptococcus neoformans and the epidemiology of cryptococcosis. Sundstrom JB, Cherniak R: T-cell-dependent and T-cell-independent mechanisms of tolerance to glucuronoxylomannan of Cryptococcus neoformans serotype A. Infect Immun 1993 Apr; 61(4): 1340-5[Medline]. www.emedicine.com /med/topic482.htm   (7462 words)

Cryptococcus nemorosus sp. nov. and Cryptococcus perniciosus sp. nov., related to Papiliotrema Sampaio et al. ...   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08) Assimilation of carbon and nitrogen compounds by Cryptococcus perniciosus and Cryptococcus nemorosus spp. Fonseca, A., Scorzetti, G. and Fell, J. Diversity in the yeast Cryptococcus albidus and related species as revealed by ribosomal DNA sequence analysis. Staib, F. The green colour effect (GCE) of the killer strain Cryptococcus laurentii CBS 139 on Staib agar. ijs.sgmjournals.org /cgi/content/full/53/3/905   (2181 words)

Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii: Separate Varietal Status for Cryptococcus neoformans Serotype A Isolates -- ... Genetic relatedness of Filobasidiella neoformans (Cryptococcus neoformans) and Filobasidiella bacillispora (Cryptococcus bacillispora) as determined by DNA base composition and sequence homology studies. Differentiation of Cryptococcus neoformans serotypes A and D using creatinine dextrose bromothymol blue thymine medium. Yan, Z., Xu, J. Mitochondria Are Inherited From the MATa Parent in Crosses of the Basidiomycete Fungus Cryptococcus neoformans. jcm.asm.org /cgi/content/full/37/3/838   (2629 words)

The G-Protein beta Subunit GPB1 Is Required for Mating and Haploid Fruiting in Cryptococcus neoformans -- Wang et al. ...   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08) Cryptococcus neoformans is an opportunistic fungal pathogen that infects the central nervous system to cause meningoencephalitis Virulence of Cryptococcus neoformans: regulation of capsule synthesis by carbon dioxide. Isolation and characterization of a gene encoding a G-protein alpha subunit from Schizosaccharomyces pombe: involvement in mating and sporulation pathways. mcb.asm.org /cgi/content/full/20/1/352   (6145 words)

Regulation of cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COX1) expression in Cryptococcus neoformans by temperature and host ...   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08) Cryptococcus neoformans is an encapsulated yeast with a propensity Alspaugh, J. A., Perfect, J. and Heitman, J. Cryptococcus neoformans mating and virulence are regulated by the G-protein gamma subunit GPA1 and cAMP. Cox, G. M., Dykstra, C., Rude, T. and Perfect, J. Cryptococcus neoformans actin gene: characterization and its use as a phylogenetic marker. mic.sgmjournals.org /cgi/content/full/149/4/1041   (5737 words)

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