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	Cryptography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Associated fields are steganography — the study of hiding the very existence of a message, and not necessarily the contents of the message itself (for example, microdots, or invisible ink) — and traffic analysis, which is the analysis of patterns of communication in order to learn secret information.
		A cryptanalyst might appear to be the natural adversary of a cryptographer, and to an extent this is true: one can view this contest all through the history of cryptography.
		It is well that much progress has been made in a short time; popular applications such as the Internet and mobile phones have repositioned cryptography, historically the sole province of a few groups with exceptional needs for secrecy, into a mainstream technology on which millions rely.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/cryptography_1 (2240 words)

	List of cryptographers - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Elizebeth Friedman, US, wife of William F, and cryptographer in her own right for the Coast Guard, Treasury Department, and assorted other US Government agencies in the 1920s and 1930s.
		Cryptography and genetics director at the Riverbank Laboratories before WWI, wrote extensively on cryptographic theory and practice, and became the US Army's chief (and for some time only) cryptographer, patented several cryptography related inventions some of which are still secret 60+ years later, including some aspects of the SIGABA machine.
		WW II), proved the one-time pad to be unbreakable, founded and invented/developed information theory and major aspects of communication theory, one of the principal developers of the theory of error-correcting codes (with Richard Hamming), made major advances in logic circuit design in his Master's thesis.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cryptographer (1604 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		For our purposes, a cryptographer is someone who is active in the field of cryptography: someone who engages in research, writes papers, breaks algorithms and protocols, and sometimes writes his own algorithms and protocols.
		A cryptographer can find work as a university professor, but some large companies -- AT&T, IBM -- employ full-time cryptographers, and there are some cryptographers that work as consultants to companies that don't have full-time cryptographers on their staffs.
		Cryptographers need broad knowledge of mathematics; this is the only way that new connections are made and really original ideas are found.
	secinf.net /uplarticle/4/cryptwant.txt (1300 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Each cryptographer then states aloud whether the two coins he can see--the one he flipped and the one his left-hand neighbor flipped--fell on the same side or on different sides.
		In case (2) the coins he sees are different; if both other cryptographers said "different," then the payer is closest to the coin that is the same as the hidden coin; if both said "same," then the payer is closest to the coin that differs from the hidden coin.
		They devise a way to do this at the table for a statement of arbitrary length: the basic protocol is repeated over and over; when one cryptographer wishes to make a message public, he merely begins inverting his statements in those rounds corresponding to 1 's in a binary coded version of his message.
	world.std.com /~franl/crypto/dining-cryptographers.txt (4681 words)

	Expressing Security Protocol Goals (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The cryptographers would like to know whether it is one of them who is paying, or whether it is their organization that is paying; but they also wish to retain anonymity concerning the identity of the payer if it is one of them.
		If a cryptographer is not paying then she will say that they agree if the results on the coins are the same, and that they disagree if the results differ; a paying cryptographer will say the opposite.
		The protocol is modelled in CSP as the parallel combination of cryptographers and coins, and a master process dictating who pays, as illustrated in Figure 3.10.
	www.awprofessional.com /articles/article.asp?p=101192&seqNum=5 (1982 words)

	Powerful crypto protection of your Windows CE devices
		CryptoGrapher utility is intended for Windows CE 2.0/2.11/3.0 (HPC, HPC Pro and Handheld 2000).
		The CryptoGrapher is designed for superresistant cryptoprotection of the information kept on the flash cards (compact and PCMCIA as well).
		Each time the information is recorded onto the flash card, it does encoding of the data, and each time the reading takes place, the CryptoGrapher decodes the data.
	www.penreader.com /WinCE/CryptoGrapher.html (285 words)

	Leone Battista Alberti - Open Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		In it he proposed new methods of fortification which became the standard defense for towns in the age of gunpowder, and dominated siege planning for hundreds of years.
		Alberti was an accomplished cryptographer by the standard of his day, and invented both polyalphabetic ciphers and machine-assisted encryption using his cipher disk.
		The polyalphabetic cipher was, at least in principle, for it was not properly used for several hundred years, the most signifcant advance in cryptography since before Julius Caesar's time.
	open-encyclopedia.com /Leone_Battista_Alberti (600 words)

	The Dining Cryptographers Problem
		Each cryptographer flips an unbiased coin behind his menu, between him and the cryptographer on his right, so that only the two of them can see the outcome.
		They devise a way to do this at the table for a statement of arbitrary length: the basic protocol is repeated over and over; when one cryptographer wishes to make a message public, he merely begins inverting his statements in those rounds corresponding to 1's in a binary coded version of his message.
		Another possibility is for a pair to establish a short key and use a cryptographic pseudorandom-sequence generator to expand it as needed.
	www.cs.cornell.edu /People/egs/herbivore/dcnets.html (4683 words)

	Trucking News - Cryptographer: Biometric readers far from foolproof
		But a Japanese cryptographer has discovered that the process is far from foolproof.
		Cryptographer Tsutomu Matsumoto, whose technique has been described in several technical journals, lifted a fingerprint from a common object — such as a drinking glass — for his demonstration.
		Using a computer, a digital camera and a circuit board, he transferred the print to the gelatin, and then molded it onto a fingertip.
	www.truckflix.com /news_article.php?newsid=2201 (319 words)

	Augusta Georgia: Technology:Cryptographer skills are in demand 11/10/01
		When Matt Franklin told people he was a cryptographer five years ago, they'd ask him if he worked with frozen bodies, or perhaps Egyptian hieroglyphics.
		Cryptographers helped the Allies achieve some of their most stunning successes during World War II.
		They were usually one step ahead of the enemy after British mathematicians cracked the supposedly unbreakable codes produced by the German Enigma machine and American cryptanalysts broke the Japanese code known as Purple.
	chronicle.augusta.com /stories/111001/tec_124-1741.shtml (693 words)

	Crypto-Gram: October 15, 1999 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		A cryptographer can find work as a university professor, but some large companies -- ATandT, IBM -- employ full-time cryptographers, and there are some cryptographers that work as consultants to companies that don't have full-time cryptographers on their staffs.
		In 1996, a group of cryptographers (including myself) researched the various technologies one could use to build brute-force cryptanalytic machines, and recommended a minimal key length of 90 bits to provide security through 2016.
		This means that even though the algorithm is given a cryptographic key with 64 bits of entropy, it only makes use of 40 bits of entropy in the key.
	www.counterpane.com /crypto-gram-9910.html (5550 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		It might be the case that exactly one of the cryptographers is instructed by his company to pay for all of them, but anonimity of this company must be guaranteed.
		The cryptographers decide to run the following protocol: - Each cryptographer throuws a coin behind his menucard.
		If the coins are equal and the cryptographer is not instructed to pay for all, or if the coins are not equal and the cryptographer is instruced to pay for all, the cryptographer shouts EQUAL.
	www.win.tue.nl /~ecss/2R890/assignment04.txt (301 words)

	Download Image Cryptographer 1.0.0 by Impulse Solutions
		Image Cryptographer is a revolutionary tool which allows you to hide messages within image files.
		The decrypted data is presented on the screen and you can then copy it to the clipboard or save it to a file.
		Image Cryptographer - Image Cryptographer, a state of the art tool for message encryption.
	www.programurl.com /image-cryptographer.htm (285 words)

	Paragon Software's CryptoGrapher
		CryptoGrapher is a low-level system device driver that protects removable Storage Cards by password encrypting the stored information, thereby rendering the data unreadable to anybody who does not possess both the software and password.
		All file access to and from the Storage Card passes through CryptoGrapher enabling the whole process to be entirely transparent to the applications reading and writing the data.
		On the other hand, if you use your device heavily and keep a lot of confidential information stored for easy reference, then this application could be considered priceless if that same information is of genuine use to somebody else.
	www.users.globalnet.co.uk /~whiten/crypto.htm (497 words)

	The Legend of Poe the Cryptographer
		Poe was no master cryptographer, but rather a legendary magician who disguised tricks of tale with the cipher of slick and distracting presentation.
		Upon review of Poe's cryptographic endeavors, it appears that the he never entertained any cryptography more sophisticated than simple substitution.
		As to Legrand the cryptographer, when asked if he solved the cipher leading to Kidd's treasure, the character replies, "Readily; I have solved others of an abstruseness ten thousand times greater" (Poe 63).
	www.usna.edu /EnglishDept/poeperplex/cryptop.htm (1648 words)

	BBC - Bradford and West Yorkshire - Words - Reviews - The Cryptographer by Tobias Hill
		Tobias Hill's third novel, The Cryptographer, draws the reader into the year 2012 where money is no longer hard currency, but electronic units called Soft Gold.
		Once again, in The Cryptographer, Hill uses his superb imagination to write an unusual and different read.
		He paints characters in full colour allowing us to fully understand their predicament or situation, making and unreal, imagined world seem vividly real.
	www.bbc.co.uk /bradford/culture/words/book_reviews_cryptographer.shtml (374 words)

	Call for Questions: Dr. Stefan Brands, cryptographer, public key infrastructure expert (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		We have arranged to interview Dr. Stefan Brands, an internationally-recognized cryptographer and an expert on public key infrastructure, electronic credential systems and electronic cash.
		The reading committee for his thesis included two of the world's leading cryptographers -- Adi Shamir (Weizmann Institute of Science) and Ronald L. Rivest (Massachusetts Institute of Technology), two of the three co-founders of RSA Data Security.
		Hundreds and thousands of subscribers and visitors to our site -- computer scientists and researchers, developers, military and financial cryptographers, infosecurity specialists, technology officers, major governmental organizations, financial institutions and even Advogatans -- disagree with vab (and we reach only a small fraction of people involved in the PKI field).
	www.advogato.org /article/485.html (1273 words)

	The Legend of Poe the Cryptographer
		Poe displayed a natural intuitive talent for the skill which gave him more confidence in his cryptological abilities than was due; an attitude Bolton's solution obviously checked.
		The true skill of Poe was, of course, in spinning a tale of intrigue.
		Friedman, William F. "Edgar Allan Poe, Cryptographer." American Literature, VIII (1936), p.
	www.nadn.navy.mil /EnglishDept/poeperplex/cryptop.htm (1648 words)

	Eli Biham article - Eli Biham cryptographer cryptanalyst differential cryptanalysis Shamir - What-Means.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Eli Biham article - Eli Biham cryptographer cryptanalyst differential cryptanalysis Shamir - What-Means.com
		Eli Biham is an Israeli cryptographer and cryptanalyst.
		He received his Ph.D. for inventing (publicly) differential cryptanalysis, while working under Adi Shamir.
	www.what-means.com /encyclopedia/Eli_Biham (116 words)

	The HAGELIN cryptographer CX-52.
		In 1916 the firm A.B. Cryptograph was formed i Stockholm, Sweden in order to exploit the cryptographic inventions of engineer Arvid Gerhard Damm.
		Soon he took an interest in cryptography and started to invent cryptographic machines of his own.
		One of the first, new constructions made by Mr Hagelin and Crypto AG was the Cryptographer CX-52.
	hem.passagen.se /tan01/cx52.html (826 words)

	Video crypto standard cracked?
		Noted cryptographer Niels Ferguson says he's broken Intel's vaunted HDCP Digital Video Encryption System, but fear of U.S. law is keeping him silent on the details.
		But he says it is a textbook example of a cryptographic attack.
		The cryptographer also presented an algebraic formula that describes the structure of Rijndael.
	www.securityfocus.com /news/236 (908 words)

	I want to be the general (Part 5) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Billiard table was covered with the pages of the Chief Cryptographer's Report, which the General was slowly and methodically reading as Chief Cryptographer Peter stood at ease in the corner of the room, by the mirror.
		The General was upset, he had started to sweat whilst reading, and was now tugging on his beard and scratching his neck.
		Chief Cryptographer Peter could see that his report was causing the General some discomfort but he didn't know what to say.
	homepage.mac.com /wbaltyn/fiction/general5.html (558 words)

	World-Renowned Cryptographer Arjen Lenstra Joins Bell Labs (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		This was a significant accomplishment because the RSA public-key cryptosystem relies on the inability to factor such a number, and Lenstra's team was able to do so in less than seven months, suggesting this approach was not as secure as had been believed.
		In addition, Lenstra co-authored the influential paper "Selecting Cryptographic Key Sizes," which offered guidelines for determining key sizes for cryptosystems based on a set of explicitly formulated hypotheses and data points about the cryptosystems.
		Lenstra also developed an information security risk assessment methodology for the company, and he was responsible for the cryptographic design of Sprocket, a digital content delivery system that was patented by Citibank.
	www.lucent.com /press/0205/050201.blb.html (987 words)

	Shareware order form.
		Cryptographer are Visual Basic Programs that need a file called VBRUN300.DLL on your system.
		You may already have that, either in your windows or windows\system directory, in which case you don't have to download it again.
		You can find the exact name you used to register Cryptographer and your registration code if you have Cryptographer running on another computer by opening the Cryptogr.dat file (in the Cryptogr folder) in a word processor such as Note Pad.
	www.cahlander.com /crypto/cryptographer (369 words)

	Cryptography Research - Paul Kocher (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		He brings unsurpassed expertise to the Cryptography Research team, having provided applied cryptographic solutions to clients ranging from start-ups to Fortune 500 companies.
		An active contributor to major conferences and standards bodies, Paul has designed many cryptographic applications and protocols including SSL v3.0.
		His development of timing attacks to break RSA and other algorithms received front-page coverage in the New York Times.
	www.cryptography.com /company/Paul-Kocher.html (120 words)

	Cryptographers - Wikipedia
		Alphabetical list of notable cryptographers, with home pages if they have one:
		Leo Marks World War II cryptographer and SOE spymaster
		Here is a list of links to cryptographers' home pages: http://www.swcp.com/~mccurley/cryptographers/cryptographers.html This link should stay here only until we make good enough list.
	nostalgia.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cryptographer (87 words)

	The Chronicle: Daily news: 08/16/2001 -- 02
		Computer scientists filed legal papers this week in support of a Princeton University cryptographer and his team of scholars as they prepared to give a presentation on Wednesday describing their research on cracking a safeguard that limits access to digital music.
		She said she was holding off on an invitation from Kluwer Academic Publishers to publish her dissertation on breaking digital watermarks because she was concerned about being sued.
		And Matthew Blaze, a cryptographer at AT&T Laboratories who is an adjunct computer-science professor at the University of Pennsylvania, wrote that he was "reluctant to continue engaging in the study of vulnerabilities in existing and proposed security systems."
	chronicle.com /free/2001/08/2001081602t.htm (952 words)

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