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Topic: Crystalline structure

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	Crystal structure -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		A crystal's structure and symmetry play a role in determining many of its properties, such as ((embryology) the repeated division of a fertilised ovum) cleavage, electronic (Click link for more info and facts about band structure) band structure, and (Click link for more info and facts about optical properties) optical properties.
		A unit cell is a spatial arrangement of ((physics and chemistry) the smallest component of an element having the chemical properties of the element) atoms which is (Click link for more info and facts about tiled) tiled in three-dimensional space to describe the crystal.
		The positions of the atoms inside the unit cell are described by the asymmetric unit or basis, the set of atomic positions measured from a lattice point.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/c/cr/crystal_structure.htm (817 words)

	Crystalline Structure of Carbon Dioxide Seen for the First Time / February 23, 1998 / News from the USDA Agricultural ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		For the first time, scientists are able to see the crystalline structure of carbon dioxide--a view that could help them learn how the crystals cause the greenhouse effect.
		Carbon dioxide ranks high--along with nitrous oxide and methane--as a greenhouse gas that contributes to global warming as it increases in concentration in the atmosphere.
		Scientists say knowing the crystalline structure may give them clues to the capacity of carbon dioxide gas to absorb and re-radiate energy, which is the behavior of greenhouse gas that makes it so troubling.
	www.ars.usda.gov /is/pr/1998/980223.b.htm (310 words)

	Polymer Morphology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The highly ordered crystalline structure of ice changes the apparent properties of the polarized light, and the ice appears bright.
		Crystalline melting leads to striking changes in optical properties during the melting process when observed through crossed polarizers.
		Table salt has one of the simplest atomic structures with its component atoms, Na and Cl, arranged in alternating rows and the structure of a small cube.
	plc.cwru.edu /tutorial/enhanced/files/polymers/orient/orient.htm (825 words)

	THE ORANGE STARFISH IN THE TIDE POOL
		The crystalline structure does not die; and indeed we will continue to live unless due to toxic substances we are suffocated due to a lack of oxygen.
		The crystalline structure does not play by the laws of the Kumaras; therefore there is no death, pain, suffering, lust, judgment or greed in the thought-form of those who have become fully crystalline.
		Upon a biological level, the body must learn to dismantle old genetic cellular structure along with dissolve decay and scar tissue in the physical form and transmute the cells along with each system, organ and gland to a crystalline genetic blueprint.
	www.ascendpress.org /articles/creepy-crawlers/Starfish.htm (2359 words)

	Molecular Structure of Nitinol Page 3
		When Nitinol is deformed in the martensite phase, the crystalline structure is not damaged.
		Bending deforms the crystalline structure of the alloy producing internal stress.
		The movement generated in this phase is cause by the crystalline structure returning to its non-stress state (cubic).
	www.imagesco.com /articles/nitinol/03.html (340 words)

	Structure
		The structure of a material may be divided into four levels: atomic structure, atomic arrangement, microstructure, and macrostructure.
		Atomic structure influences how the atoms are bonded together, which in turn helps one to categorize materials as metals, ceramics, and polymers and permits us to draw some general conclusions concerning the mechanical properties and physical behavior of these three classes of materials.
		Perovskites are a large family of crystalline ceramics that derive their name from a specific mineral known as perovskite.
	www.engr.sjsu.edu /WofMatE/Structure.htm (1897 words)

	MINERALOGY - Online Information article about MINERALOGY
		It was then recognized that chemical composition and crystalline form were characters of the first importance, and that external (natural history) characters were often more or less accidental.
		relating to chemical composition, crystalline form, crystallo-physical properties and specific gravity; these are identical, or vary only within certain defined limits, in all specimens of the same mineral-species.
		Non-essential characters—such as colour, lustre, hardness, form and structure of aggregates--depend largely on the presence of impurities, or on the state of aggregation of imperfectly formed crystalline individuals.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /MIC_MOL/MINERALOGY.html (1296 words)

	Chapter 3. Structure of Crystals
		The crystalline lattice, is a periodic array of the atoms.
		To discuss crystalline structures it is useful to consider atoms as being hard spheres, with well-defined radii.
		The unit cell is the smallest structure that repeats itself by translation through the crystal.
	www.virginia.edu /bohr/mse209/chapter3.htm (567 words)

	Turning crystalline as part of the ascension process?
		For the time being I give you a link to one of the most comprehensive articles from the SSOA on the crystalline structure, that is from 2002.
		As one ascends, a new gridwork which contains the codes for the crystalline form is laid over the old gridwork, and one part of the body is transmuted at a time as the information is integrated down to the cellular level.
		Ascension is biological, and unless the crystalline blueprint can be translated down to the form, there is no means of lifting a third-dimensional vessel into another dimension.
	home.tiscali.nl /gibbon/crystalline.htm (1000 words)

	Background on Optical Data (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Erasing the amorphous phase or creating a crystalline phase is done by heating the amorphous phase material above the glass transition temperature, but holding it below the melting point for enough time to allow the material to change into a crystalline state.
		The FCC structure has an isotropic structure similar to the amorphous phase and the atomic distances between the two structures are small.
		The stable crystalline structure is a hexagonal (HEX) structure shown in Figure 3.
	engr.sjsu.edu /eallen/MATE152/CaseStudies/OpticalStorage/writing.htm (643 words)

	[No title]
		Crystalline Structure ¨²Seven Systems and Fourteen Lattices Metal Structures Ceramic Structures Polymeric Structures Semiconductor Structures Lattice Positions, Directions, and Planes X-Ray Diffractionsó#¨Structure Review ¨ÓIn solid state, particles are bonded together in rigid, crystalline structure.
		Can have body centered, face centered, base centered Rhombohedral None of the planes are perpendicular Monoclinic structure two atoms of the atomic planes are perpendicular, but the third angle is not 90°.
		Triclinic structure no two places are perpendicular to each other, the distances between the atoms are different, and the angles are not equal elongated, thin crystal formation ¡ZZ Z%ZZRZZZZZZ %R ª Có!¨Metal Crystalline Structures¨Allotropes some materials exist in two or more crystalline structures and depends upon temperature and pressure changes.
	www.csuchico.edu /~jpgreene/itec104/m104_ch03-02/m104_ch03-02.ppt (602 words)

	CERAMIC GLASS BLANKS
		Ceramic glass is a internal blend of a crystalline structure and a normal glass structure.
		The material is first made as a glass then it is held at a given temperature that permits the crystalline structure to develop within the material.
		At a given point in the growth of the crystalline structure the temperature is changed to terminate the formation.
	www.newportglass.com /aceramic.htm (214 words)

	Untitled Document (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Evidence has been found that exposes a new form of non-periodic structure that exhibits the qualities of a crystalline material (specifically meaning that it has a bright diffraction pattern).
		This restriction requires that a crystal structure is periodic and has only 2, 3, 4, or 6-fold rotational symmetry.
		The quasicrystal is an example of a structure that our current theories of crystalline orgainization cannot accommodate, and thus it provides the need for a reinterpretation of the ordered solid state.
	euch3i.chem.emory.edu /proposal/frameset/1_cryst_org.htm (454 words)

	ss2
		Photo 3: The beautiful crystalline structure of water after a prayer.
		Photo 5: The crystalline structure produced in water by heavy metal music.
		So if we have the power to change the structure of the medium we are made of by simply producing positive though patterns, we can restore not only our own health but that of everyone around us, and even the planet itself, with our every thought.
	www.godsdirectcontact.org /eng/news/131/ss2.htm (1072 words)

	AllRefer.com - zirconium, Compound & Element (Compounds And Elements) - Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		At ordinary temperatures it has a hexagonal close-packed crystalline structure.
		Its chemical and physical properties are similar to those of titanium, the element above it in group IVb of the periodic table.
		The commercial metal usually contains between 1% and 3% hafnium; for nuclear reactor use the hafnium is usually removed by solvent extraction from the tetrachloride.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/Z/zirconiu.html (614 words)

	(WO 03/105590) CHITOSAN AND METHODS OF PRODUCING SAME (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The chitosan includes a water-soluble chitosan, an acid-soluble chitosan, and/or mixtures thereof, where both the water-soluble and acid-soluble chitosan have the amorphous structure.
		The amorphous structure of the acid-soluble chitosan allows the acid-soluble chitosan to be soluble in an acidic pH range of 6.5 and below.
		The amorphous structure of the water-soluble chitosan of the present invention allows the water-soluble chitosan to be soluble in acidic, neutral, and basic pH ranges.
	wipo.int /ipdl/IPDL-CIMAGES/view/pct/getbykey5?KEY=03/105590.031224&... (189 words)

	Crystalline solids (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		As you can see crystalline solids have a very organized arrangement of atoms (or molecules or ions).
		As you heat diamond or graphite, the crystalline structures absorb energy but do not melt.
		The small structure on the right is the repeating tetrahedral unit in the quartz structure.
	academic.pg.cc.md.us /~ssinex/struc_bond/crystalline_solids.htm (426 words)

	Crystalline Structure and Dielectric Properties of ...
		Crystalline Structure and Dielectric Properties of Li x-y
		The structure and dielectric properties of the so-called M-phase solid solutions in the Li O-Nb -TiO
		The relative permittivity ranges from ~80 to ~55; microwave quality factors increase with the titanium content, reaching values of Q x f = 9000 at 6 GHz.
	repository.upenn.edu /mse_papers/46 (150 words)

	Review of Materials Science (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Within a grain, all crystalline unit cells are aligned in one direction
		In general, a fine-grained structure is stronger than a coarse one for a given material at normal temperatures
		A fine-grained structure is weaker and softer than a coarse one for a given material at elevated temperatures
	ttb.eng.wayne.edu /~grimm/BME5370/Lect2Out.html (1392 words)

	Energy Citations Database (ECD) - Energy and Energy-Related Bibliographic Citations
		Energy Citations Database (ECD) Document #6726977 - Crystalline structure of metallic hydrogen
		Availability information may be found in the Availability, Publisher, Research Organization, Resource Relation and/or Author (affiliation information) fields and/or via the "Full-text Availability" link.
		The functional-integral approach to the theory of crystals developed earlier is used to compute the type of the crystalline structure of metallic hydrogen.^Comparison of the results for a number of crystal lattices shows that in the limit of large pressures and infinitely heavy ions the body-centered structure is preferable.
	www.osti.gov /energycitations/product.biblio.jsp?osti_id=6726977 (141 words)

	Crystalline Structure (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Question: Is it reasonable that several different crystalline structures develop during a constant, consistent crystallization process?
		However, if two forms exist that are nearly equal in stability it is possible for both to form simultaneously.
		It is also possible to use kinetic control to preferably form one crystalline form rather than the thermodynamically most stable form.
	www.newton.dep.anl.gov /askasci/chem99/chem99432.htm (175 words)

	XCrySDen - (X-Window) Crystalline Structure and Densities
		Load structres from Animation- XCrySDen's-Structure-File (AXSF) formatted file --xyz load structure from XYZ formatted file --pdb load structure from PDB formatted file --gzmat load structure from Gaussian Z-matrix (requires BABEL program) --g98_out load structure from Gaussian98 output file.
		For the optimization run it is possible to render all the structures that were produced during the run.
		User must specify EMIN and EMAX energies and total number of k-points along the path (this is merely an estimation of total number of k-points, since XCrySDen tries to get very uniform sampling of k-points along the path (don't specify WIEN97's maximum allowed number of k-points, since XCrySDen maight generate few points more)).
	www.xcrysden.org /doc/comlin.html (476 words)

	What is a Crystal?
		There must also be a definite crystalline structure to the atomic arrangement, colour and hardness.
		A crystal is "a three-dimensional atomic, ionic, or molecular structure consisting of periodically repeated, identically constituted, congruent unit cells" (Readers Digest, Great Illustrated Dictionary).
		These three dimensional, atomic, ionic, or molecular structures (OK lets call them crystals!) have been used and revered since the dawn of humankind.
	crystalgems.co.uk /whatisacrystal.html (792 words)

	A Neutron Scattering Investigation of the Crystalline Structure of Ettringite with In Situ Observation of Its ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		A Neutron Scattering Investigation of the Crystalline Structure of Ettringite with In Situ Observation of Its Formation and Thermal Decomposition
		The structure of Ettringite, as determined by a recent neutron scattering investigation, will be presented.
		In situ measurements of the evolution of the Ettringite crystalline structure during formation and thermal decomposition will be discussed in relation to prior measurements of these processes.
	www.ncnr.nist.gov /seminars/2005/hartman_2005.html (109 words)

	Find in a Library: Crystalline structure and chemical constitution
		Find in a Library: Crystalline structure and chemical constitution
		To find a library, type in a postal code, state, province, or country.
		WorldCat is provided by OCLC Online Computer Library Center, Inc. on behalf of its member libraries.
	www.worldcatlibraries.org /wcpa/ow/73766a78be3eb7ec.html (38 words)

	Changing Alloy Structure (from alloy) -- Britannica Student Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Changing Alloy Structure (from alloy) -- Britannica Student Encyclopedia
		Heating and cooling can change the sizes and shapes of the grains of an alloy and thus its crystalline structure.
		An alloy is heated to a certain temperature (always below its melting point) and then cooled in different ways and at different rates to achieve various degrees of hardness and strength.
	www.britannica.com /ebi/article-196223?tocId=196223&ct= (84 words)

	XCrySDen - (X-Window) Crystalline Structures and Densities
		is a crystalline and molecular structure visualisation program, which aims at display of isosurfaces and contours, which can be superimposed on crystalline structures and interactively rotated and manipulated.
		Kokalj, XCrySDen--a new program for displaying crystalline structures and electron densities,
		This document was last modified on Fri Jun 17 08:30:42 CEST 2005
	www.xcrysden.org /XCrySDen.html (158 words)

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