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| | Langmuir on Octet Theory |
 | | The electrons in the most stable atoms, namely, those of the inert gases, have positions symmetrical with respect to a plane called the equatorial plane, passing through the nucleus at the other at the center of the atom. |
 | | Where e is the total number of available electrons in the shells of all the atoms in a molecule; n is the number of octets forming the outside shells of the atoms and p is the number of pairs of electrons held in common by the octets (Postulate 8). |
 | | For example, the chlorine atom in chlor-acetic acid, because of the relatively large charge on its kernel, as compared for example with a carbon atom, tends to displace towards itself the electrons holding it to the carbon atom. |
| dbhs.wvusd.k12.ca.us /webdocs/Chem-History/Langmuir-1919.html (3107 words) |
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