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Topic: Cucuteni culture

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	Cucuteni - Biocrawler
		Cucuteni is a village in Iaşi County, Romania, having a population of 1,450.
		This was the place where in 1884 were found some ancient artifacts and the culture that produced them took the name of the village, Cucuteni culture.
		In the village is located an archeological museum displaying artifacts of the Cucuteni culture and a 15th century church built during the rule of Ştefan cel Mare
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Cucuteni (141 words)

	Omnipelagos.com ~ article "Cucuteni culture"
		The Cucuteni culture (after the Romanian Cucuteni village located in Iaşi county, also Trypillian culture, or Tripolie culture after the Ukrainian Trypillia (Трипiлля) village, or Tripolie culture, Tripolian culture, from the Russian version of the name: Триполье (Tripolye culture), or, as a compromise, Cucuteni-Trypillia) is a late Neolithic archaeological culture that flourished ca.
		It is a neolithic culture of Central Europe, in the area of modern-day Romania, Moldova, and Ukraine, in the Dniester-Dnieper region.
		The first settlements discovered were in northern Romania, hence the naming of the culture after a Romanian village, but further artifacts discovered later indicate that the geographical center of the culture probably lay further north, perhaps in the Republic of Moldova.
	www.omnipelagos.com /entry?n=trypillian_culture (348 words)

	The Cucuteni exhibition
		In the South-East of Transylvania, the Cucuteni settlements are grouped around the upper Olt and its tributaries and only three settlements are situated on the Târnava Mare.
		In recent years, new research proved that it was only a regional aspect of the Cucuteni culture.
		From the South-East of Transylvania, the limits of the Cucuteni territory cross the Carpathians towards the north-east to the Putna river, which they follow up to its confluence with the Siret.
	www.cimec.ro /Arheologie/cucuteni/habitat.htm (223 words)

	Yamna - Indo-European
		Characteristic for the culture are the inhumations in kurgans (tumuli) in pit graves with the dead body placed in a supine position with bent knees.
		In its western range, it is succeeded by the Catacomb culture; in the east, by the Poltavka culture and the Srubna culture.
		The Yamna culture is identified with the late Proto-Indo-Europeans (PIE) in the Kurgan hypothesis of Marija Gimbutas.
	www.indo-european.eu /wiki/index.php/Yamna (265 words)

	Cucuteni culture Information
		The Cucuteni culture (after the Romanian Cucuteni village located in Iaşi county, also Trypillian culture, or Tripolie culture after the Ukrainian Trypillia (Трипiлля) village, or Tripolie culture, Tripolian culture, from the Russian version of the name: Триполье (Tripolye culture), or, as a compromise, Cucuteni-Trypillia) is a late Neolithic archaeological culture that flourished ca.
		It is a neolithic culture of Central Europe, in the area of modern-day Romania, Moldova, and Ukraine, in the Dniester-Dnieper region.
		The first settlements discovered were in northern Romania, hence the naming of the culture after a Romanian village, but further artifacts discovered later indicate that the geographical center of the culture probably lay further north, perhaps in the Republic of Moldova.
	www.bookrags.com /wiki/Cucuteni_culture (340 words)

	Trypillian culture. Article: Kurgan-sanctuary Tsegelnya by Dr.Shylov
		THE CONTRIBUTION OF The Cucuteni Culture is considered to be the climax of the development of the calcolithic in the South–East of Europe.
		In 2000 the „Cucuteni pentru Mileniul III” foundation was created in Bucharest, with the aim of protecting, in collaboration with state institutions, Precucuteni and Cucuteni archaeological sites, of contributing to the complex research of these civilisations and of informing the large audience in Romania and abroad on the results of these investigations.
		At the end of five years of activity the author of the paper makes a short survey of the achievements of the Foundation: systematic and salvation archaeological excavations, exhibitions and publications; he also means to present prospects for the future of the Foundation.
	www.trypillia.com /articles/eng/re2.shtml (531 words)

	mantu3
		Part of the Cucuteni-Tripolye cultural complex, the Cucuteni culture is one of the last impressive civilisation of the South-East European Copper Age.
		Lasting more than a millennium (about 4600-3500 CAL B.C.), the Cucuteni culture has generated a civilization with specific features, extended on a large territory, including South-West Transylvania, almost all Moldavia and a big part of the Ukraine.
		Only one male figurine is polychrome painted (and is unique in Cucuteni culture!) and presents also a belt in relief, with incisions under abdomen area (Catalogue no. 393).
	www.iatp.md /dava/Dava3/mantu3/mantu3.html (2613 words)

	Eastern Europe and Scandinavia, 8000–2000 B.C. \| Timeline of Art History \| The Metropolitan Museum of Art
		4500 B.C. The Cucuteni-Tripolyte culture of Romania and the southern Ukraine flourishes.
		The two archaeological sites for which the culture is named have yielded evidence of copper technology and a distinctive pottery painted with vigorous wavelike patterns in fl and white.
		2200–1600 B.C. Kurgans, or burial mounds, distinguish the Late Neolithic culture of the Baltic and steppe.
	www.metmuseum.org /toah/ht/02/eue/ht02eue.htm (533 words)

	Cucuteni
		The third aim of the Cucuteni Archaeologic Park is that of creating a museum for the half buried sight.
		The first part of the museum will introduce a history of the researches done at Cucuteni regarding the Cucuteni Culture and the Dacian civilization and will also exhibit the most representative archaeological material in original or copy, such as the golden thesaurus, for example, which is a part of the Romanian Thesaurus.
		The Cucuteni area is so rich in traditions that it will attract a large number of visitors that will enjoy the archaeological sites, the culture, the customs and the beauty of the nature as well.
	arts.iasi.roedu.net /cucuteni/arheo/proiecte/proposal.html (1384 words)

	IASI CITY - ROMANIA
		IASI is the most important historical, economic, and cultural center in Northeast Romania.
		The name of Iasi City is bound up with the so-called "golden period" of the Romanian culture.
		The city is well known as a major cultural city.
	www.iasicity.ro (98 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Cucuteni culture
		The Cucuteni culture, better known in the countries of the former Soviet Union as Trypillian culture or Tripolie culture, is a late Neolithic archaeological culture that flourished between ca.
		The culture was named after Cucuteni, Iaşi county, Romania, where first objects associated with this culture were discovered in 1884 and excavations started in 1909.
		Mallory reports that the "culture is attested from well over a thousand sites in the form of everything from small villages to vast settlements comprised of hundreds of dwellings surrounded by multiple ditches" (EIEC, "Tripolye Culture").
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Cucuteni_culture (411 words)

	Emergence des sociétés complexes en Europe et au Proche-Orient
		Les cultures s'exprimant en langues indo-européennes, probablement issues des régions pontiques, s'installent sur ce triple héritage.
		Ces cultures septentrionales montrent en général une approche " linéaire " de l'espace, exprimée tantôt sous la forme de lignes parallèles (décor céramique), tantôt sous celle de cercles concentriques (habitat, corps social), d'étages superposés (cosmologie) ou de territoires juxtaposés aux limites souvent floues (politique).
		Or, cette culture florissante s'effondre partiellement dans le courant du 4ème millénaire, vraisemblablement sous l'impulsion de populations nomades issues des steppes voisines.
	www.espasoc.org /emg_1pro.html (2743 words)

	TRYPILLIA - UKRAINE'S NEOLITHIC CULTURE
		Trypilian culture (Trypil'ska kultura) is the Ukrainian name given to a Neolithic population whose culture once flourished on the ethnically Ukrainian territories of present-day Ukraine, Moldova, and the northeast area of Romania.
		The Trypilian population's primordial deity was female, and their culture developed rich and complex artistic symbols rooted in their religious beliefs based on the Great Goddess and her various aspects as Giver-of-Life, Wielder of Death, and Regeneratrix.
		Ultimately, the Trypilia culture extended from the lands east of the Dnipro river (Dnieper) near present-day Kyiv thru the southwest steppe areas of Ukraine, and to an area just southwest the Siret river (in present-day Romania).
	www.netaxs.com /~tdo/trypil.html (923 words)

	Suchmaschine
		The Cucuteni culture, better known in the countries of the former Soviet Union as Trypillian culture, is a late Neolithic archaeological culture that flourished between ca.
		The culture was named after Cucuteni, Ia“i county, Romania, where first objects associated with this culture were discovered in 1884 and excavations started in 1909.
		Mallory reports that the "culture is attested from well over a thousand sites in the form of everything from small villages to vast settlements comprised of hundreds of dwellings surrounded by multiple ditches" (EIEC, "Tripolye Culture").
	www.dmoz.ch /lexikon.cgi?sprache=en&q=Cucuteni_culture (417 words)

	PRE-INDO-EUROPEANS : Encyclopedia Entry
		Orange is the Lengyel culture, purple the Vincha culture, red the Cucuteni culture and yellow the western part of the Yamna culture.
		Archaeologists seem to agree that the culture of the early Neolithic is relatively homogeneous, compared both to the late Mesolithic and the later Neolithic.
		Their reasoning is first, that the spread of the Neolithic toolkit is more likely to occur through demic diffusion than through cultural diffusion, and second, that a sedentary population relying on domesticated plants and animals will grow much faster than a nomadic, foraging population.
	bibleocean.com /OmniDefinition/Pre-Indo-Europeans (1535 words)

	[No title]
		The Kura-Araxes Culture According to Alexeev, in the Caucasus, the populations are difficult to assess geomorphologically.
		Andronovo Culture According to Alexeev, the Andronovo Culture occupied a territory in Kazakhstan extending from the Volga River to the Altai Mountains to the southern Yenissei Valley.
		This culture was a nomadic economy of horse, sheep, and cow with islands of agriculture in some places and was concentrated on the coasts of small rivers.
	www.drummingnet.com /alekseev/Lecture12.doc (3696 words)

	Glossary
		Their culture belongs to the later Iron Age, from 4th century B.C. until their conquest by Rome in A.D. It is a local version of La Tene.
		In Britain, contact with the continental La Tene cultures is shown by chariot burials and the presence of La Tene art motifs on metalwork and pottery.
		The idea of urnfield burial is an ancient one in central Europe where cremation cemeteries of the later 3rd millennium B.C. are known in the Kisapostag culture of Hungary and the Cârna culture in Romania.
	archweb.cimec.ro /Arheologie/arch/terms.htm (2389 words)

	Cucuteni
		The first time when Cucuteni was mentioned in historical sources was in 1662 and it became part of the universal cultural circuit at the end on the 19th century when on Cetatuia hill there were discovered the first vestiges of the most exquisite neolithical culture in Europe, the Cucuteni culture.
		To all these discoveries at the middle of the last century there were added a golden treasure and a princely TUMULAR tomb belonging to the GETA-Dacian civilization which, together with the neolithical ones, illustrate two of the greatest prehistorical and PROTO historical civilizations of the Romanian space.
		They rebuild a Cucuteni house, made tools of polished stone, recreated the techniques of pottery and cooking.
	arts.iasi.roedu.net /cucuteni/arheo/ine.html (147 words)

	Archeological monuments : MONUMENT.MD
		In the south of the Republic of Moldova the Eneolithic period is represented by the Gumelnita culture, being typologically close to the Cucuteni-Tripolie culture.
		During the early period of the Bronze Age, the territory of the Republic of Moldova was populated by the "ochre graves culture" tribes (the XXIII-XXth centuries BC) and by the "catacomb culture" tribes (the XIX-XVIII BC - XVIIth centuries BC).
		Archeological cultures Costisa-Botosani-Hansca dating from the V-VIIth centuries, Dridu culture from the VIII-XIth centuries and Raducaneni culture from the XI-XIIIth centuries belong to the old romanized population from the country and indicate a slow process of assimilation of various heterogeneous elements in a proper, extremely original and unprecedented cultural synthesis.
	www.monument.md /en/monumente_arheologie (1613 words)

	The Cucuteni Culture
		Geographic Setting : The Cucuteni culture extended from Romania to the southeast of Transylvania to Moldavia, in the Moldavian Republic (Bessarabia), and in the Ukraine up to the east of the Nipru.
		Habitation : The dwellings, generally rectangular, were built at ground level and were laid out in lines or in concentric circles, testifying to the existence of pre-established construction plans.
		Material Means : Most characteristic of this culture is its ceramics, probably fashioned with the aid of a primitive potter's wheel, and painted in a particular fashion.
	www.culture.gouv.fr /culture/arcnat/harsova/en/balk4.htm (209 words)

	Romania - History - Stone Age - Neolithic Era
		The Cucuteni pantheon was dominated by what has been termed the "Big Goddess." She was the mistress of life and death and was often depicted along with a "tree of life" symbol or with animal symbols of fertility such as snakes, fish, and so on.
		The Boian culture, 4000 to 3800 BC, built the earliest known sanctuary on the plains region of southern Romania.
		The Hamangia culture, who were contemporaries with the Boian culture, lived in the Danube delta region of southeastern Romania.
	www.romerica.com /rom/hist_ston_neo.htm (2553 words)

	Models of Altars and Miniature Tables belonging to the Cucuteni – Ariuşd Culture, discovered at Păuleni ...
		The fl, glazed pottery, belonging to the early faze of the culture, is characteristic for this complex.
		In the Cucuteni Culture this type of pieces was generally interpreted as altars; they differ as shape, dividing into three groups: triangular, with three legs; quadrilateral, with four legs; circular, with three or four legs.
		The beginning of the process of transformation of the Precucuteni Culture into Cucuteni Culture, surprised in the settlement from Poduri, Bacău County, may be placed into the Late Precucuteni II phase (white painting on red substance, before burning).
	arheologie.ulbsibiu.ro /publicatii/ats/ats5/5buzea.htm (6484 words)

	Arts Gallery
		The Trypillya culture began to acquire its typical features in the territory of the present-day Moldova and the Right-Bank Ukraine (that is, part of Ukraine situated to the right of the Dnipro River).
		But then began a period of decline and the Trypillya culture with its developed tillage, art, poetic myths was superseded by the nomads and animal husbandry cultures.
		One of them explains the changes by the internal instability inherent in the Trypillya culture which was caused by the predominance of land farming over animal farming.
	www.artukraine.com /trypillian/trypcult.htm (1905 words)

	HISTORY OF DISCOVERY AND INVESTIGATIONS
		Study of Trypillya Cucuteni settlements planning from their opening and first steps of scientific study was one of major investi-gative problems.
		By superiority of given method there is a possibility to overcome from height archaeological objects considerable for area, to orientate in their disposition, dimensions, planning peculiarities, etc. Following and possibility- of particular importance to see on photos the objects, which lie in earth on depths to 1 metre.
		The large settlements of Trypillya culture are mentioned in monograph of J.Kruk and S. Miliscauscas, which is devoted to rise and fall of Neolithic agricultural societies (Kruk, Miliscauscas 1999).
	www.iananu.kiev.ua /privatl/pages/Widejko/txt/cities.html (5493 words)

	Archaeology Wordsmith (Site not responding. Last check: )
		DEFINITION: A Neolithic culture of southeastern Europe, distributed throughout the Ukraine (Tripolye culture) and Moldova and Romania (Cucuteni culture), which arose about 3000 BC.
		The type site of the Cucuteni is in the Siret valley of Romania and the type site of the Tripolye is near Kiev in Ukraine.
		The Cucuteni is divided into stages: Pre-Cucuteni, Cucuteni A, AB and B, dating c 4200-3000 BC.
	www.reference-wordsmith.com /cgi-bin/lookup.cgi?category=&where=headword&terms=Cucuteni-Tripolye (181 words)

	[No title]
		2 and 6), the South-East European culture, the 5th millennium B. Tripolye-Cucuteni culture, etc. Rybakov notes: "The rhombic meander motif is encountered on vessels, especially the lavishly ornamented ritual vessels, on anthropomorphic figures of clay, also of an unquestionably ritual character, and on the clay thrones of goddesses or priestesses".
		These two cultures concurrently existed over a lengthy period throughout the vast expanses of the steppes and forest steppes of the territory that is now the USSR.
		The affinities to be observed in the spiritual and material cultures of the ancient Slavs and, for instance, of the peoples of North Western and Western Indian and Iran—both in olden times and partially today—are too numerous to be ignored.
	www.cultinfo.ru /fulltext/1/001/001/073/j5.htm (4007 words)

	Pre-Indo-European at AllExperts
		Gimbutas investigated the Neolithic period in order to understand cultural developments in settled village culture in the southern Balkans, which she characterized as peaceful, matrilineal, and possessing a goddess-centered religion.
		If the cultural imprint was strong enough to replace languages, then they claim it should have left some trace on material culture as well - although the actual correspondence between linguistic change and material culture is disputed.
		His reasoning is first, that the spread of the Neolithic toolkit is more likely to occur through demic diffusion than through cultural diffusion, and second, that a sedentary population relying on domesticated plants and animals will grow much faster than a nomadic, foraging population.
	en.allexperts.com /e/p/pr/pre-indo-european.htm (1165 words)

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