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Topic: Culture of Poland

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	cheapflighttopoland.eu — Cheap Flight To Poland
		Beyond history and culture, Poland has a wide range of outdoor pursuits to partake in.
		One bonus of taking advantage of Poland’s recreational offerings is that you certainly won’t find any crowds wandering through the hills or cluttering up the rivers, it can be all yours.
		The ethnic regions offer insights into cultures quite distinct from the Catholicism of the majority, while the former centres of the Jewish community, and the concentration camps in which the Nazis carried out their extermination, are the most moving testimony to the complexity and tragedy of the nation’s past.
	www.cheapflighttopoland.eu (533 words)

	Culture of Poland - History and ethnic relations, Urbanism, architecture, and the use of space
		On the north Poland is bordered by the Baltic Sea, Russia, and Lithuania; on the east by Belarus and Ukraine; on the south by Slovakia and the Czech Republic; and on the west by Germany.
		Poland's role as guardian of western European civilization against the Russians and later the Bolsheviks is commemorated by the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier in the center of Warsaw.
		Poland is an example par excellence of the imagined community and of the ability of nationalism to shape the world.
	www.everyculture.com /No-Sa/Poland.html (8919 words)

	MSN Encarta - Poland
		Because Poland’s forests are dominated by conifers, which are particularly vulnerable to acid rain and other forms of air pollution, many of them are now extensively damaged.
		Poland’s varied mineral deposits are concentrated mainly in the southern upland regions and adjacent areas.
		Poland’s highest population densities are in the southern upland areas; the lowest densities are in the northwest and northeast.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761559758_2/Poland.html (1096 words)

	Encyclopedia: Culture of Poland (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Culture of Poland is closely connected to its intricate 1000 years of history.
		The national culture developed at the crossroads of the Latinate and Byzantine worlds, in continual dialogue with the many ethnic groups in Poland.
		Poland's eastern frontiers marked the boundary of the influences of Western architecture on the continent.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Culture-of-Poland (5402 words)

	MSN Encarta - Poland
		The name Polska (Poland), applied in the early 11th century, comes from an ancient Slavic tribe known as the Polanie (field or plains dwellers), who settled in the lowlands between the Odra (Oder) and Wisła (Vistula) rivers sometime after the fall of the Roman Empire in the 5th century.
		Poland’s borders are marked by the Sudety mountains (Sudetes) in the southwest, the Carpathian Mountains (Karpaty) in the southeast, the Odra and Neisse (Nysa) rivers in the west, and the Bug River in the east.
		Poland is divided into a number of distinct parallel regions that run from east to west.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761559758/article.html (676 words)

	POLAND ONLINE - HISTORY AND CULTURE (Site not responding. Last check: )
		In 1921 the Soviets and the Poles signed a peace treaty, which gave Poland substantial territories in the east that were mainly populated by Ukrainians and Belorussians.
		The internal political situation in Poland was not very stable, and in 1926 Pilsudski took control as president of the republic and head of the government.
		The Polish position was made impossible by the invasion of eastern Poland on Sept. 17, 1939, by Soviet forces in accordance with a secret agreement made between the Soviets and Nazi Germany.
	www.polandonline.com /history.html (2041 words)

	EUROPA - Culture - Poland (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The central state administration in Poland is the principal actor formulating cultural policy objectives and funding principles.
		The Ministry of Culture is a governmental body responsible for the field of legislation, mapping the state cultural policy and monitoring its implementation, as well as observing ongoing changes in the system and finding new solutions in the sphere of financing sources for the cultural sector.
		The Polish model of financing culture does not differ from the one functioning in other European countries: the public sector is the major but not the only patron of culture and the arts; private patronage should be seen as a supplementary source of financing for culture.
	europa.eu.int /comm/culture/portal/sites/members/en/poland_en.htm (348 words)

	The Virtual Jewish History Tour - Poland
		Poland was home to the largest Jewish population in Europe and served as the center for Jewish culture.
		Immigrants flocked to Poland from Bohemia-Moravia, Germany, Italy, Spain and colonies in the Crimea.
		According to Hasidic tradition, in southeast Poland, in the region of Podolia, Israel ben Eliezer Ba’al Shem Tov (otherwise known as the Ba’al Shem Tov or Besht) was born in 1699.
	www.us-israel.org /jsource/vjw/Poland.html (3614 words)

	Revolution and Rebirth (Site not responding. Last check: )
		In the Prussian occupied zone the aim was to totally destroy the Polish language and culture; from 1872 German became compulsory in all schools and it was a crime to be caught speaking in Polish.
		Despite all her problems Poland was able to rebuild her economy; by 1939 she was the 8th largest steel producer in the world and had developed her mining, textiles and chemical industries.
		Poland had been awarded limited access to the sea by the Peace of Versailles (the "Polish Corridor") but her chief port, Gdansk (Danzig) was made a free city (put under Polish protection) and so, in 1924, a new port, Gdynia, was built which, by 1938, became the busiest port in the Baltic.
	www.kasprzyk.demon.co.uk /www/Revolution.html (2268 words)

	Culture of Poland -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The (A particular society at a particular time and place) Culture of (A republic in central Europe; the invasion of Poland by Germany in 1939 started World War II) Poland is closely connected to its intricate 1000 years of (A record or narrative description of past events) history.
		The national culture developed at the crossroads of the (additional info and facts about Latinate) Latinate and (A native or inhabitant of Byzantium or of the Byzantine Empire) Byzantine worlds, in continual dialogue with the many ethnic groups in Poland.
		In the south of Poland, (additional info and facts about Zakopane) Zakopane was the birthplace of the avant-garde works of (additional info and facts about Stanisław Ignacy Witkiewicz) Stanisław Ignacy Witkiewicz (Witkacy).
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/c/cu/culture_of_poland.htm (1901 words)

	Polish Culture – Information about Poland (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Poland is the largest of the East European countries which joined the EU in May 2004.
		Poland is comparable in size to Italy or Germany (in USA larger than New Mexico) and with a population of approximately 39 million (e.g.
		Poland is a stable democracy with a truly fascinating history, great cultural heritage and several areas of outstanding natural beauty.
	www.staypoland.com /information-poland.htm (298 words)

	LNT Poland - Jews in Poland
		Poland became host over time to the largest concentration of Jews in Europe and the most potent hub for Jewish culture as well.
		Poland became home to primarily the Ashkenazi (Jews from Central and Eastern Europe), and the Sephardi (Southern European Jews including refugees from 15th century Spain and Portugal).
		The interests of Jews in Poland were represented by politicians and leaders with seats in the Sejm or the Senate, as well as in municipal councils and in Jewish religious communities.
	cyberroad.com /poland/jews.html (1047 words)

	CULTURE XPLORERS: Poland Culture Traditions and Geography (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Some of Poland’s strongest traditions are maintained in the rural areas of Malopolska, or ‘little Poland’ and in the Tatras mountains to the south.
		Culture Xplorers will visit the small village of Zalipie, which is situated in a low-lying region along the Vistula river.
		One manifestation of Poland's commitment to Roman Catholicism is that all the great feast days of the church calendar are celebrated with wholehearted devotion, many of the participants donning the colorful traditional costumes for which the country is celebrated.
	www.culturexplorers.com /Pages/Destinations/Poland/Poland_IntroTo.html (557 words)

	The Culture of Poland (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Poland's national culture was born of Latin and Byzantine influences, and influenced by various European occupations throughout the country's history.
		Poland's eastern frontiers marked the boundary of the influences of Western architecture on the continent.
		Russian, Ukrainian and White Russian peasants from the eastern territories of Polesia and Volhynia emigrated to Poland.
	www.globalvolunteer.com /1main/poland/polandculture.htm (1148 words)

	SCADPlus: Poland
		A Memorandum of Understanding providing for the participation of Poland in the Community programmes MEDIA Plus and MEDIA Training was signed in June 2002, taking effect from 1 January 2002.
		The Commission's 2003 report explains that Poland still needs to align its framework legislation (Broadcasting Act) on jurisdiction criteria, the definition of European works, certain aspects relating to the promotion of European and independent works, access to major events, and the principle of capital liberalisation.
		In the field of culture, the Association Council decision allowing Poland to participate fully in the Community Programme Culture 2000 as from 2001 was adopted in October 2001.
	europa.eu.int /scadplus/leg/en/lvb/e20106.htm (807 words)

	MapZones.com : Poland Culture (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The 7th largest nation in Europe, Poland is located in the middle of the North European Plain that extends from the Netherlands to the Ural Mountains of Russia.
		Although its topography is broken by some terrain variations, particularly in the south, most of Poland deficiencys remarkable changes of elevation.
		Both by cultural tradition and by recent social policy, Poles were comparatively well educated.
	www.mapzones.com /world/europe/poland/cultureindex.php (197 words)

	EUROPA - Culture - Poland
		Changes in public responsibility for cultural institutions are connected with the administrative reforms of 1991 and 1999.
		The Ministry of Culture is a governmental body responsible for the field of legislation, mapping the state cultural policy and monitoring its implementation, as well as observing ongoing changes in the system and finding new solutions in the sphere of financing sources for the cultural sector.
		The Polish model of financing culture does not differ from the one functioning in other European countries: the public sector is the major but not the only patron of culture and the arts; private patronage should be seen as a supplementary source of financing for culture.
	ec.europa.eu /culture/portal/sites/members/poland_en.htm (339 words)

	Poland Culture Everyday manners and customs
		The culture in Poland is unique and has a great historical base.
		This page gives you some background about the culture in Poland so that you are better prepared to understand Poland.
		For the foreign woman Poland is a friendly place, where men willingly look after them, offering their seat on the tram, giving flowers, inviting them for a cup of coffee or a glass of wine.
	www.masterpage.com.pl /polish/polish_culture.html (2988 words)

	Polish culture (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Suddenly Polish culture, for ages tied to the fate of the nation, was released from its lofty responsibilities.
		Decentralisation of culture wiped out also the central critic who lived in Warsaw, once a month went to see the first night in the theatre, read a few of the books published by three major publishers and eventually had a general view of the country's cultural life.
		Culture was destined to teach, educate, provide positive values and nobilitate the new man. Now, by contrast, culture's objective is to entertain.
	www.poland-embassy.si /eng/culture/todaycult.htm (3239 words)

	People and Culture (from Poland) -- Britannica Student Encyclopedia
		One of the largest of the countries of eastern Europe, Poland was the first of these countries to liberate its government from the Communist domination endured for 45 years.
		It was the relegalization of the trade union Solidarity and the agreement to hold partially free parliamentary elections that appeared to have opened the floodgates of radical reforms that spilled...
		The ancient Greeks cultured oysters in Rome and Gaul.
	www.britannica.com /ebi/article-206725?ct= (823 words)

	Poland
		No country suffered more than Poland in the Second World War and this film captures both the great heroism of the Poles in that struggle as well as the tremendous human cost of the war for Poland (96 minutes).
		Documents Poland's struggles to establish a government following the ratification of the new Polish constitution in 1921, and shows how political infighting led to the establishment of a military regime based on right-wing totalitarianism and officially sanctioned anti-Semitism.
		Describes Poland’s first decades of Soviet domination, which began with the Soviet “liberation” of Poland from Nazi rule at the end of the Second World War.
	www.coe.ohio-state.edu /mmerryfield/global_resources/modules/SLEECountriesPoland.htm (3602 words)

	Polish Landscape - New Poland Travel Agency
		Over long centuries, Poland was one of the rare countries where a true religious tolerance was guaranteed by law.
		Poland became sanctuary for all those suffering persecution elsewhere, especially the Jews expelled from Eastern Europe.
		Many monuments remain, witnesses of a rich culture with deep influences on the culture of Poland, as well as special places, such as the Kazimierz district of Cracow, where one can see typical houses, ancient synagogues, kosher restaurants.
	www.newpoland.pl /polska/jews.php (535 words)

	Indo-Asian News Service -> Poland-Culture-Palace -> Stalinist Palace is Warsaw's cultural hub (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Warsaw, July 27 (DPA) It was an unwelcome present to Poland from reviled Soviet dictator Joseph Stalin and instantly became Warsaw's most recognisable landmark, but 50 years later the mammoth Palace of Culture still dominates the city skyline.
		Officially opened to the Polish proletariat 50 years ago this month, the Palace of Culture and Science was planted on the ruins of Warsaw's pre-war bustling city centre, bombed into oblivion by the retreating Nazi German forces in 1944.
		Leading members of Poland's communist-era Solidarity opposition have already concluded the Palace's bleak underground "dungeons" are the ideal setting for "Socland", an exhibition detailing the rise and fall of communism in Poland and around the globe.
	www.eians.com /stories/2005/07/27/27sta.shtml (616 words)

	Culture in Poland (Site not responding. Last check: )
		POLAND - Poland Online - History & Culture - HISTORY AND CULTURE The first Polish state was established in the 10th century by Mieszko I. Under him the Poles became Christians.
		POLAND - WROCLAW - Culture - Wratislavia Cantans WRO 99 media art bienale The Treasure of Sroda Slaska najary '97 - PSYCHOGRAMS - 30 th YEAR ANNIVERSARY OF THE PAINTER'S ACTIVITY The National Museum in Wroclaw The Medal Museum......
		POLAND - Museums and monuments of the Polish Noble culture - MUSEUMS AND MONUMENTS OF THE POLISH NOBLE CULTURE Land of the Winged Horsemen - Polish Art 1572-1764 (Temporal Exhibitions in United States) Polish noblemen and their Country- (Temporal expositio......
	www.kasbah.com /vitalstats/culture_and_history/culture/poland_poland_1.htm (217 words)

	Fish Culture in Poland (Site not responding. Last check: )
		A VISIT WAS MADE to Poland in April 1977 to survey the current status of commercial fish farming and research programs related to fish culture in that country.
		The itinerary for the visit is presented in Appendix I. Fisheries scientists from the Institute of Zootechnics cooperated in designing a research project to be conducted at the fisheries research station at Zator, The project, which concerns various supplemental feeding practices to increase yield of carp in ponos, is explained in Appendix 2.
		This report presents data from the survey on the status of food fish culture in Poland, emphasizing the present state of the art, the environmental ana physical resources, and the potential for increasing yield and production of fish in the country.
	www.ag.auburn.edu /fish/icaae/pub16.htm (211 words)

	House of Poland, Inc. - Polish cottage in Balboa Park, San Diego , California. - History
		And so the fifteen original cottages were constructed around a central lawn, to be occupied by different nations who would have the opportunity to show off their history, culture and artifacts, and hopefully befriend and entertain one another.
		In January 1948 the Polish group, with Edward Raymond as president, was granted re-occupancy of the House of Poland.
		Ever since then, the House of Poland (HoP) has been part of the Balboa Park scene, hosting visitors every Sunday and presenting special events within the framework of the HPR which is sanctioned by, and works with, the City of San Diego.
	www.houseofpoland.org /html/history.html (540 words)

	House of Poland, Inc. - Polish cottage in Balboa Park, San Diego , California.
		The House is one of 15 "cottages" organized under the umbrella of the House of Pacific Relations.
		The interior of the House of Poland has been recently renovated and offers a bright and pleasant environment in which to have a cup of coffee and view the exhibits.
		The House of Poland is located at the south side of the International Cottages Center.
	www.houseofpoland.org /index.html (197 words)

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