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Topic: Cuneate

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	Transmission Security for Single Kinesthetic Afferent Fibers of Joint Origin and Their Target Cuneate Neurons in the ...
		in the cuneate nucleus, 1-4 mm caudal to the obex, and from ~0.5
		peripheral impulse elicited a response in the cuneate neuron,
		Millar J (1979) Loci of joint cells in the cuneate and external cuneate nuclei of the cat.
	www.jneurosci.org /cgi/content/full/23/7/2980 (9022 words)

	IX. Neurology. 4a. The Hind-brain or Rhombencephalon. Gray, Henry. 1918. Anatomy of the Human Body. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The fasciculus gracilis is placed parallel to and along the side of the posterior median fissure, and separated from the fasciculus cuneatus by the postero-intermediate sulcus and septum.
		The gracile and cuneate fasciculi are at first vertical in direction; but at the lower part of the rhomboid fossa they diverge from the middle line in a V-shaped manner, and each presents an elongated swelling.
		That on the fasciculus gracilis is named the clava, and is produced by a subjacent nucleus of gray matter, the nucleus gracilis; that on the fasciculus cuneatus is termed the cuneate tubercle, and is likewise caused by a gray nucleus, named the nucleus cuneatus.
	www.bartleby.com /107/187.html (10328 words)

	Transmission Security for Single, Hair Follicle-Related Tactile Afferent Fibers and Their Target Cuneate Neurons in Cat ...
		The responses in the 2 cuneate neurons occurred at a consistent onset latency, of 5 and 4.8 ms, respectively, in A and B.
		(EPSPs) that exceeded threshold for spike discharge in the cuneate
		The measure of the target cuneate neuron output was obtained for each pair when the HFA fiber was responding at 4 vibration frequencies with a regular 1:1 pattern of activity over these 1st 10 cycles of the vibration train.
	jn.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/86/2/900 (7671 words)

	Medial lemniscus - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The medial lemniscus, also known as Reil's band or Reil's ribbon, is a pathway in the brainstem that carries sensory information from the gracile and cuneate nuclei to the thalamus.
		After neurons carrying proprioceptive or touch information synapse at the gracile and cuneate nuclei, axons from secondary neurons travel up the brainstem as the medial lemniscus on the contralateral (opposite) side.
		The cuneate and gracile nuclei reside at the closed (lower) medulla, so the lemniscus isn't formed at this level.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Medial_lemniscus (232 words)

	Ryugo Lab - Auditory Anatomy & Physiology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		A reciprocal connection is known to exist between the cuneate nucleus, which is a first-order somatosensory nucleus, and the cochlear nucleus, which is a first-order auditory nucleus.
		In the present study, we determined that the axonal projections from the cuneate region gave rise to mossy fiber terminals in the granule cell regions of the ipsilateral cochlear nucleus.
		The cuneate mossy fibers appear to be excitatory in nature, because they are filled with round synaptic vesicles, they make asymmetric synapses with postsynaptic targets, and they are labeled with an antibody to glutamate.
	www.jhu.edu /ryugolab/abs/wright_ryugo_1996.html (209 words)

	Cuneate Nucleus of the Cat
		The cuneate nucleus was exposed and the overlying cerebellum was retracted.
		Quantitative characteristics of inhibition in the cuneate nucleus of the cat.
		Surmeier, D. Physiological properties of neurons in the cuneate nucleus of the cat: A study using white noise and spike train analysis.
	oto.wustl.edu /bbears/arnie/catcun.htm (561 words)

	HyperBrain syllabus Chapter 5
		On the dorsal surface of the medulla, on either side of midline, are protuberances known as the gracile tubercles (#5274) and cuneate tubercles (#5275).
		Is the cuneate nucleus on the left ipsilateral or contralateral to the dermatomes that are represented in it?
		The axons from the gracile and cuneate nuclei sweep ventrally and medially through the tegmentum (fig 5k).
	library.med.utah.edu /kw/hyperbrain/syllabus/syllabus5.html (2037 words)

	Syllabus Chapter 5
		On the dorsal surface of the medulla, on either side of midline, are protuberances known as the gracile tubercles (#5274) and cuneate tubercles (#5275).
		Is the cuneate nucleus on the left ipsilateral or contralateral to the dermatomes that are represented in it?
		The axons from the gracile and cuneate nuclei sweep ventrally and medially through the tegmentum (fig 5k).
	www-medlib.med.utah.edu /kw/hyperbrain/syllabus/syllabus5.html (1983 words)

	Cuneate Nucleus of the Rhesus Monkey (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Biedenbach, M. Cell density and regional distribution of cell types in the cuneate nucleus of the rhesus monkey.
		Afferent inhibition in the cuneate nucleus of the rhesus monkey.
		Influence of the cerebral cortex on the cuneate nucleus of the monkey.
	oto.wustl.edu /bbears/arnie/monkcun.htm (526 words)

	APStracts 4:184N, 1997. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The effects of peripheral nerve transection on the cuneate nucleus were studied in anesthetized raccoons using extracellular, single-unit recordings.
		The somatotopic organization of the cuneate nucleus was first examined in intact, control animals.
		The cuneate nucleus in the raccoon is organized with the digits represented in separate cell clusters.
	www.uth.tmc.edu /apstracts/1997/jn/August/184N.html (428 words)

	Sense of Touch (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Cuneate fibers arise from thoracic and cervical nerves.
		Instead, cuneate axons ascend in the dorsal cord on the ipsilateral side and synapse in the nucleus cuneatus in the dorsal lateral medulla.
		When 3° gracilis axons reach cerebral cortical level, they are directed to the dorsal side of the cerebral hemisphere, whereas the cuneate data is sent to the lateral and ventral part of the gyrus.
	sky.bsd.uchicago.edu /lcy_ref/synap/touch.html (1149 words)

	MBG: Research: Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica: Draft Treatments (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Leaf-blades (7.5-)17-48(-70) × (5-)7-31(-35) cm, ovate to lance-ovate or oblong, broadly cuneate to rounded, truncate, cordulate or (rarely) cordate at base (and usually ± inequilateral), thinly coriaceous to subcoriaceous, imperforate or (more frequently) perforate, with (6-)8-18(-30) primary lateral veins per side, the margins entire (sometimes appearing sparingly pinnatifid due to tearing).
		Leaf-blades (8-)14-53 × (3.7-)6-32 cm, ovate to elliptical or oblong, broadly cuneate to rounded or truncate at base, subcoriaceous to coriaceous, imperforate or (rarely) sparingly perforate, with 5-17 primary lateral veins per side the margins entire to (most frequently) pinnatifid [with 2-5(-7) lobes per side].
		Leaf-blades 9-20(-25) × 4-8(-11) cm, broadly to narrowly ovate to elliptical, or oblong or lanceolate, broadly cuneate to rounded or truncate at base, subcoriaceous to coriaceous, imperforate or (Pan.) sparingly perforate, with 4-6(7) primary lateral veins per side (or primary lateral veins obscure), the margins entire.
	www.mobot.org /MOBOT/research/treat/caladium.shtml (9956 words)

	Behnke, H. - Dietmar. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Monocotyledons are distinct from dicotyledons by their subtype-P2 sieve-element plastids containing cuneate protein crystals, a synapomorphic character uniformly present from basal Acorales and Alismatales through Lilioids to Commelinoids.
		High resolution TEM pictures reveal a crystal substructure which in cuneate forms is always densely-packed, but in polygonal ones is either 'dense' (in Asarum, Saruma, and Japonolirion) or 'loose' (in Harperocallis, Pleea, and Tofieldia).
		Moreover, small 'loose' crystals in addition to 'dense' cuneate ones are found in a few Lilioids and many taxa of the Poales (Commelinoids).
	www.botany2001.org /sympos5/abstracts/12.shtml (329 words)

	Interference of vibrations with input transmission in dorsal horn and cuneate nucleus in man: a study of somatosensory ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Interference of vibrations with input transmission in dorsal horn and cuneate nucleus in man: a study of somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) to electrical stimulation of median nerve and fingers.
		Interference of vibrations with input transmission in dorsal horn and cuneate nucleus in man: a study of somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) to electrical stimulation of median nerve and fingers.Brachial plexus (N9, P9) and dorsal column (P11) responses were not modified by vibrations.
		Reduced input transmission in the cuneate nucleus is likely to be responsible for perceptual alterations induced by vibrations.
	www.pdg.cnb.uam.es /UniPub/iHOP/gp/6374476.html (185 words)

	N18 in median somatosensory evoked potentials: a new indicator of medullary function useful for the diagnosis of brain ...
		The N18 potential is generated by the cuneate nucleus in the medulla oblongata in the preceding studies.
		The cuneate nucleus is located at the caudal part of the medulla oblongata and is close to the respiratory centre at the medulla
		Depolarization of presynaptic fibers in the cuneate nucleus.
	jnnp.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/67/3/374 (3621 words)

	Aponogeton (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Submersed blades linear, linear-lanceolate, ovate, or elliptic, to 23(–35) cm long, (0.5–)1.4–2.5(–6) cm wide; margins flat or slightly undulate; base narrowly to broadly cuneate, obtuse, or attenuate; apex obtuse, broadly obtuse, blunt-cuneate to acute-cuneate, truncate, or rarely retuse; (3–)7–9(–11)-veined; 1–5 rows of lacunae on each side of midvein; petiole to 23(–50) cm long.
		Floating leaves ovate or elliptic, to 11 cm long, green to maroon-green; margins flat; base cuneate, obtuse, or attenuate; apex obtuse; midrib with 2–4 parallel veins on both sides; petiole to 64 cm long.
		Submersed blades linear, linearlanceolate, ovate, or elliptic, to 23(-35) cm long, (0.5-)1.4-2.5(-6) cm wide; margins flat or slightly undulate; base narrowly to broadly cuneate, obtuse or attenuate; apex obtuse, broadly obtuse, blunt-cuneate to acute-cuneate, truncate, or rarely retuse; (3-)7-9(-11)-veined; 1-5 rows of lacunae on each side of midvein; petiole to 23(-50) cm long.
	members.optusnet.com.au /aquaticlife/Aponogeton.htm (3887 words)

	Impulse propagation over tactile and kinaesthetic sensory axons to central target neurones of the cuneate nucleus in ...
		The aim was to determine whether failure of spike propagation occurred at any of the three major axonal branch points in the path to their cuneate target neurones, and whether propagation failure may contribute, along with synaptic transmission failures, to limitations in transmission security observed for the cuneate synaptic relay.
		Simultaneous recordings were made from the centrally projecting axon with a microelectrode inserted into the cuneate division of the DCN, which had been exposed by removal of a small part of the atlas and occiput.
		Paired simultaneous recordings from the peripheral and central segments of sensory nerves were carried out for five afferent fibres, three identified as HFA fibres in fascicles of the superficial radial nerve, and two as joint afferent fibres recorded from the wrist joint nerve.
	jp.physoc.org /cgi/content/full/550/2/553 (6309 words)

	MAGNOLIACEAE [Draft] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Buds, abaxial surface of young leaves covered with reddish brown and curved villosum; leaves broadly cuneate, obtuse or cordate at base; matured follicles with a 5—8 mm beak································································· 8.
		Buds glabrous, abaxial surface white villose; leaves cuneate at base; matured follicles with a 3—4 mm beak 9.
		Leaves obovate or elliptic-obovate, base usually cuneate, lateral veins 5—12 on each side; flowers 15—22 cm in diam.; tepals narrowly obovate or spoonshaped or narrowly oblong, base usually not clawed, those of innest whorl not erect and not surrounding gynoecium.
	www.fna.org /china/mss/volume07/Magnoliaceae-CAS_coauthoring.htm (5403 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		In addition to these activations, in task I, a cuneate activation of the right hemisphere was observed when "Attend right ear" was compared with the "Attend visual" and when "Attend right ear" was compared with "Attend left ear" — on the side of the direction of attention.
		In task II, even more prominent but bilateral cuneate activation was seen in comparisons "Attend right ear" with the "Attend visual" and "Attend left ear" with the "Attend visual".
		Moreover, left cuneate activation appeared in comparison "Attend left ear" with "Attend right ear", again on the attended side.
	www.neurologie.uni-duesseldorf.de /HBM99/cd/attention/2419.html (310 words)

	J. RALFS: The British Desmidieae - Euastrum
		The segments are distinctly lobed; the terminal lobe, cuneate and itself emarginate, is partly included in a notch between the projections of the lateral lobes, and the sinuses
		The lateral lobes are broad, cuneate, with a broad shallow notch.
		The terminal lobe is cuneate and its notch linear; the corners of all the lobes are rounded.
	www.biologie.uni-hamburg.de /b-online/ralfs/078.htm (3993 words)

	Cuneate nucleus - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		Cuneate nucleus - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		Cuneate nucleus is a wedge-shaped nucleus in the medulla.
		It is part of sensory tracts carrying tactile and proproreceptive impulsation.
	www.arikah.net /encyclopedia/Cuneate_nucleus (105 words)

	Loss of neurons from the external cuneate nucleus of the ageing mouse brain. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Loss of neurons from the external cuneate nucleus of the ageing mouse brain.
		The number of neurons in the ASH/TO mouse external cuneate nucleus was examined at 6, 15, 22, 25, 28 and 31 months of age.
		There is a highly significant decrease in the number of neurons between 6 and 31 months of age.
	www.arclab.org /medlineupdates/abstract_2606768.html (128 words)

	BS 5. Accessory Cuneate Nucleus - Pathway
		This nucleus, which is somewhat difficult to see, lies dorsal to the spinal tract and nucleus V and lateral to the most rostral pole of nucleus cuneatus.
		Cells in the accessory cuneate nucleus send their axons to the IPSILATERAL CEREBELLUM via a fiber bundle called the inferior cerebellar peduncle (together with the dorsal spinocerebellar fibers).
		The accessory cuneate nucleus is concerned with relaying proprioceptive information from the arm (and neck) to the cerebellum, and the nucleus can be considered as the rostral equivalent of Clarke's column.
	www.neuroanatomy.wisc.edu /Bs97/TEXT/P5/pathway.htm (256 words)

	Maplestone, 1911 - Further Descriptions of the Tertiary Polyzoa of Victoria. Part XI. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Zooecium cuneate, ventricose, smooth; with nine fenestrae, very slightly depressed.
		The irregular flat curved process on the distal end may be a portion of the matrix of the deposit, and not actually belonging to the specimen.
		Zooecia irregularly cuneate; below the thyrostome is a small elongated, vertical slit or pore.
	www.civgeo.rmit.edu.au /bryozoa/library/maplestone/map1911.html (3907 words)

	Growth of new brainstem connections in adult monkeys with massive sensory loss -- Jain et al. 97 (10): 5546 -- ...
		The cuneate and trigeminal nuclei and the trigeminal tract are marked, and the locations of the labeled terminals are marked in green.
		of the cuneate nucleus adjacent to the trigeminal nucleus.
		The presence of the tracer in the cuneate nucleus,
	www.pnas.org /cgi/content/full/97/10/5546 (3710 words)

	The Connections : tracing symptoms to organic diseases
		These fibers, which are integrated into the spino-olivocerebellar pathway, reach the cerebellum through the contralateral inferior cerebellar peduncle and are mostly concerned with the relay of flexor reflex stimuli.
		The accessory cuneate nucleus, located lateral to the cuneate nucleus in the medulla, receives afferent sensory fibers from spinal ganglia just as the cuneate nucleus does.
		The fibers from the accessory cuneate nucleus relay uncrossed information to the cerebellum from muscle spindle receptors, golgi tendon apparatus, and cutaneous receptors.
	www.neurokinesiology.org /The_Connections/tracing_symptoms_to_organic_diseases.html (2542 words)

	Sensorimotor Integration at the Dorsal Column Nuclei -- Mariño et al. 14 (6): 231 -- Physiology
		The middle cuneate nucleus is formed by a core or clusters region (white) and a peripheral region (gray).
		Tonic and bursting activity in the cuneate nucleus of the chloralose-anesthetized cat.
		Peripheraly evoked cortical reflex in the cuneate nucleus.
	physiologyonline.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/14/6/231 (2928 words)

	ponteder.htm
		Petiolate leaves with blades cuneate to truncate at base.
		Emergent or floating leaves petiolate, the blades cuneate to truncate or cordate at base.
		Petiolate leaf blades cuneate to truncate at base, 3-16 cm long, blades typically held somewhat emergent; submersed leaves alternate, sessile, cauline, present (especially on younger stems) or absent by deterioration; inflorescence 7-many flowered.
	www.unh.edu /herbarium/CostaRica/ponteder.htm (1818 words)

	2007 Rhododendron of the Year Awards - Midwestern USA
		Leaves oblong shaped with apiculate apex and cuneate base, convex, 5-1/2" long, emerald green, retained 2 years.
		Leaves oblong, with acute apex and cuneate base, about 1" long, glossy, medium green with rust-colored scaly indumentum, turn mahogany-colored in winter.
		Leaves obovate shaped with mucronate apex and cuneate base, concave, bullate, light green colored, retained for 2 years.
	www.rhododendron.org /roy07gl.htm (199 words)

	Virtual Hospital: The Human Brain: Chapter 1: The Spinal Cord (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		These fasciculi are composed of sensory axons that arise from cell bodies in the dorsal root ganglia of the spinal nerves and enter the spinal cord via the dorsal nerve roots.
		Each terminates in an elongated and often poorly defined swelling produced by the gracile or cuneate nucleus, in which the primary proprioceptive and exteroceptive fibers end, and from which secondary axons-most of them carrying sensory signals onward to the thalamus-arise.
		Lateral to each cuneate fasciculus an extensive series of dorsal nerve rootlets can be seen alongside the posterior lateral sulcus of the spinal cord.
	www.vh.org /adult/provider/anatomy/BrainAnatomy/Ch1Text/Section03.html (434 words)

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