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Topic: Curassows

	Curassows and guans
		The guans, curassows, and chachalacas (together known as cracids) are an ancient family whose closest relatives may be the megapodes of Australasia.
		The Alagoas Curassow Mitu mitu of eastern Brazil is surely extinct in the wild (a few remain in captivity).
		Because these are huge chicken-like birds, everywhere that man expands and develops in the Neotropics, the guans and curassows are among the first birds to disappear.
	www.montereybay.com /creagrus/curassows.html (1435 words)

	Curassow - LoveToKnow 1911
		CURASSOW (Cracinae), a group of gallinaceous birds forming one of the subfamilies of Cracidae, the species of which are among the largest and most splendid of the game birds of South America, where they may be said to represent the pheasants of the Old World.
		With the exception of a single species found north of Panama, the curassows are confined to the tropical forests of South America, east of the Andes, and not extending south of Paraguay.
		The galeated curassow (Pauxi galeata) is peculiar in having a large blue tubercle, hard and stony externally, but cellular within, and resembling a hen's egg in size and shape, situated at the base of the hill.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Curassow (437 words)

	Curassow Husbandry Manual
		Curassows are the largest members of the Cracidae, a New World family of gallinaceous birds including additionally the guans and chachalacas.
		Curassows, like many other gallinaceous birds, are avid dust-bathers, and should be provided with a large patch of fine sand under shelter for this purpose.
		As a precaution, curassow eggs placed beneath hens are manually turned three times daily (if the hen is large she may be able to accomplish this herself).
	www.csew.com /cracid/pages/manual.htm (4867 words)

	Birds - The Curassows And Guans
		To the first belongs the true Curassows (Crax), which are all birds of large size with a semi-erect crest on the top of the head, the feathers of which are curled at the tips.
		The Curassows are of a quiet, confiding disposition, and as some of them breed readily in captivity are often tamed by the inhabitants and reared for their excellent flesh.
		The Mexican Curassow (Crax globicera) was found by Richmond to be abundant on the Frio and Escondido rivers, where it is often kept in captivity.
	www.oldandsold.com /birds/bd1-215.shtml (544 words)

	The Dallas World Aquarium
		Helmeted curassows (Crax pauxi pauxi) are endemic to montane cloud forest habitats in Venezuela.
		Curassows feed primarily on fruits, seeds, buds, new leaves, insects and mollusks.
		Most curassows are endangered due to habitat destruction and hunting.
	www.dwazoo.com /c_HowlerHeights2t2.html (401 words)

	3.6 Cracids
		They are stalked in the underbrush along the forest trails, hunted from canoes along rivers and located by their calls, or hunters may lurk near their drinking, eating or resting places (32, 67, 519).
		Management: Curassows are apparently even more vulnerable to habitat modification and hunting pressure than guans, and their situation is listed as critical in many areas (18, 32, 67, 153, 186, 336, 383).
		Current extraction rates are clearly intolerable for curassow populations, and managing them as an exploitable resource is definitely hindered by: 1) their habitat requirements, i.e.
	www.fao.org /docrep/T0750E/t0750e0e.htm (1489 words)

	Z - The Status of the Wattled Curassow (Piurí), Crax globulosa, in Colómbia, by Sara E. Bennett, Bol CSG 10:18-21 ...
		The Wattled Curassow (Crax globulosa) is the least known of the curassows that occur in the Colombian Amazon, and there is no protected area in the country with a confirmed population of the species.
		The relatively short tarsus length of this curassow relative to others probably represents a morphological adaptation to the necessity to be almost entirely arboreal during part of the year, in the absence of terra firma.
		This situation is so different from that typical of upland curassows that it was only the consistency and independence of these anecdotal accounts that finally convinced me of their credibility.
	www.worldtwitch.com /wattled_curassow.htm (2061 words)

	National Parks: El Imposible National Park, El Salvador: Great Curassow (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Curassows are large birds, as big as a hen turkey but more slender.
		Despite their low rate of reproduction, curassows are probably long-lived -at any rate in some areas of remote forest they are the commonest large birds.
		Curassows are one of three divisions of the family Cracidae -the other two being the guans and the chachalacas, both smaller in size and more arboreal.
	www.nps.gov /centralamerica/salvador/curassow.shtml (385 words)

	The Craciformes
		The two families are the Cracidae (Guans, Curassows and Chachalacas) and the Megapodidae (Brush Turkeys and Malleefowl).
		The Guans - 1700 g (60 oz) - are intermediate and the Curassows are the largest at an average of 4700 g or 10 lbs..
		They are all arboreal to some extent with the Curassows spending 50% of their time in the trees with the two smaller groups spending a far greater percentage of their time away from the ground.
	www.earthlife.net /birds/craciformes.html (1213 words)

	Cracidae (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The guans and curassows live in trees, but the smaller chchalacas are found in more open scrubby habitats.
		They are generally dull-plumaged, but the curassows and some guans have colourful facial ornaments.
		Speciation within curassows (Crax, Nothocrax, Pauxi and Mitu) and within piping-guans (Aburria and Pipile) were caused by changes in South America landscape, mainly due to the rise of the Cordillera of the Andes, that led modern river basins to achieve their current shapes.
	www.transporteon.com /Natural-C/Cracidae.php (313 words)

	IUCN SSC - Species Survival Commission
		Curassows are the largest of the Cracids with 14 species.
		He and his collaborators in Brazil also evaluated the genetic background of a captive stock of this species to be used in a recovery programme in the wild.
		Here was a large curassow that had been last recorded in Bolivia in 1937, and recorded before that as very common.
	www.iucn.org /THEMES/SSC/sgs/sgprofiles/cracidsg.htm (1721 words)

	Helmeted Curassow :: Saint Louis Zoo
		Curassows live in the dense, cool mountain forest.
		Habitat loss and hunting are taking a toll on the number of wild curassows.
		The curassow is one of the largest birds in the South American forests.
	www.stlzoo.org /animals/abouttheanimals/birds/pheasantscurassowsguans/helmetedcurassow.htm (297 words)

	IUCN
		Cracids (curassows, guans and chachalacas) are the most threatened family of Neotropical birds, occurring in south Texas, Trinidad and Tobago, and all Latin American mainland countries except Chile.
		The five most critically endangered species are the horned guan, Alagoas curassow, Trinidad and fl-fronted piping-guans, and highland guan, while the four most critically endangered subspecies are three subspecies of the helmeted curassow and the northeastern bare-faced curassow.
		Cracids are important not only for their role as seed dispersers, but also as biological indicators of the environment, as a major protein source for indigenous people, and as an important focus for ecotourism.
	www.iucn.org /themes/ssc/pubs/cracids.htm (386 words)

	Gustavo Londoño :: Past Studies
		Curassows (Family: Cracidae) are among the most threatened neotropical birds due to hunting pressure and logging.
		Curassows can visit the same tree to eat fruit, seed and cotyledons, suggesting that they may have a great impact on the dispersal, establishment, and recruitment of the species they feed on.
		To determine whether the curassows “know where to go” when they are searching for fruits, we set up a rope two times per week per species for twelve hours of observation (one full day in the field).
	www.zoo.ufl.edu /gustavo/Past_Studies.html (1261 words)

	IvanJimenez (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		I found that curassows intersperse foraging bouts that tend to maximize energy intake-rate by feeding on fruits with bouts directed at acquiring invertebrates and nitrogen-rich leaves.
		These results support the hypothesis that vertebrate frugivores forage actively for leaves and invertebrates to acquire a currency other than energy, probably protein or essential amino acids; but do not support the view that these animals eat a variety of fruits to balance their diet or to avoid overdoses of plant secondary compounds.
		The different types of cue from curassows are analogous to those produced by many other vertebrates in tropical forests.
	www.umsl.edu /divisions/graduate/oraldef/IvanJimenez.htm (509 words)

	Amazon Animals birds - wattled curassow photo
		Curassows are chicken- to turkey-sized, heavily built birds that spend most of their time on the forest floor.
		Their plumage is mostly fl but they sport colorful, sometimes elaborate wattles (think hood ornament) at the base of the bill.
		This curassow in a tree is somewhat uncharacteristic as they are typically ground birds.
	www.junglephotos.com /amazon/amanimals/ambirds/wtldcrsow.shtml (164 words)

	Northern Helmeted Curassow (Crax pauxi)
		The Northern Helmeted curassow has fl, gray, and white feathers, a large body and a small head.
		Northern Helmeted curassows prefer dense tropical forests of Central America and South America.
		They spend some time on the ground, but most of their time is spend in the trees.
	www.thebigzoo.com /animals/Northern_Helmeted_Curassow.asp?tour=5 (208 words)

	Birds and Nature: The Curassow
		An, interesting race of birds, known as the Curassows, has its range throughout that part of South, America, east of the Andes Mountain, range and north of Paraguay.
		The Curassows belong to the order of Gallinaceous birds and bear the same relation to South America that the pheasants and grouse bear to the Old World.
		One authority states that at about the beginning of the present century a large number of Curassows were taken from Dutch Guiana to Holland, where they became thoroughly domesticated, breeding as readily as any other kind of domestic poultry.
	www.birdnature.com /apr1901/curassow.html (557 words)

	curassow - HighBeam Encyclopedia
		curassow, common name for the largest members of an order of game birds called pigeon-toed fowls, which includes the white-crested guan and the rufous-bellied chachalaca, Ortalis wagleri.
		Curassows are classified in the phylum Chordata, subphylum Vertebrata, class Aves, order Galliformes, family Cracidae.
		Find newspaper and magazine articles plus images and maps related to "curassow" at HighBeam.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-curassow.html (305 words)

	Family: Curassows, Guans, and Chachalacas (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Hens appear to lay only two eggs in curassows, often three
		curassows, but only two of the 12 species (16%) of the chacha-
		A Salvin’s curassow (Mitu salvini) adult and chick.
	www.thebirdencyclopedia.com /pg_0373.htm (488 words)

	VICARIANT SPECIATION OF CURASSOWS (AVES, CRACIDAE): A HYPOTHESIS BASED ON MITOCHONDRIAL DNA PHYLOGENY Auk, The - Find ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The curassows comprise 14 species of sedentary Neotropical birds classified in four genera (Crax, Nothocrax, Mitu, and Pauxi) in the family Cracidae.
		Congeneric species have a striking pattern of allopatric distributions that might be attributable to vicariance, dispersal, or a combination of the two.
		We estimated divergence times; the diversification of curassow seems to have occurred from the Middle Miocene to the end of the Pliocene (9.5 to 1.6 Ma).
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3793/is_200407/ai_n9456682 (937 words)

	Family: Curassows, Guans, and Chachalacas (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		more fruit and fewer leaves in larger species (curassows).
		large curassows gather large numbers of fallen fruit on the
		A crop is present as a dilatation of the gullet in curassows
	www.thebirdencyclopedia.com /pg_0372.htm (292 words)

	Birds of ACEER / ExplorNapo / Rio Sucusari (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		A curassow flushed from a thicket beside the quebrada above ACEER lodge.
		The bird was extremely wary (unlike curassows in unhunted areas of Ecuador) and could not be relocated.
		Nocturnal Curassows called in the distance only one night during the two weeks we worked at ACEER (July is probably the wrong season for calling).
	www.unc.edu /~rhwiley/loreto/aceer98/gamebirds.html (379 words)

	First curassow sighting for 36 years
		Nuestros hijos también quieren conocerlo." ["Protect Piuri (the curassow's local name) because it is disappearing.
		Local people reported hunting the curassow in the past, but there was genuine enthusiasm to protect their special bird now they appreciated its global significance.
		The team hopes to develop a long-term conservation project in the Sira mountains, to continue their awareness work, educate local people about sustainable use of natural resources, and contract a team of park guards, and will return to the area this October thanks to a grant from Sweden's Club 300.
	www.birdlife.org /news/news/2005/08/curassow.html (231 words)

	Species: Meleagris gallopavo is most commonly known as the wild turkey (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The wild turkey is related to the churkar, curassows, ruffed grouse, quail, red jungle fowl, spruce grouse, and ring-necked pheasant.
		Physical Description: My brother and I were enjoying a casual stroll through the countryside when we looked over to a nearby cornfield and saw a flock of turkeys.
		It is related to the chukar, curassows, ruffed grouse, quail, red jungle fowl, spruce grouse, and ring-necked pheasant.
	www.richland.uwc.edu /Depts/Biology/accounts/Wildturkey.htm (2793 words)

	Cracidae (Guans & Curassows)
		Forty-four species of guans and curassows make the family Cracidae.
		They can be found in Southern North America, Central America, and South America.
		Guans and curassows eat primarily fruits, berries and seeds, but some eat small animals and insects.
	www.thebigzoo.com /zoo/Cracidae.asp (59 words)

	Curassows Books, Book Price Comparison at 130 bookstores
		Curassow's Crest: Myths and Symbols in the Ceramics of Ancient Panama
		The call of the curassow and the land of the Guahibo Indians
		Curassows, guans, and chachalacas: An entry from Thomson Gale's Grzimek's Animal Life Encyclopedia
	www.bookfinder4u.com /search/Curassows.html (445 words)

	Curassows, Guans, Chachalacas (Phasianidae): Birds
		Bare-faced Curassow (Crax fasciolata) - Text and Images.
		Curassows & Guans (Cracidae) - Text and Images.
		Northern Helmeted Curassow (Crax pauxi) - Text and Image.
	www.infochembio.ethz.ch /links/en/zool_voegel_huehnerv_hokko.html (139 words)

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