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Topic: Cutter Expansive Classification


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In the News (Thu 12 Nov 09)

  
  Charles Ammi Cutter | Forbes Library
Cutter's greater claim to fame, however, is his invention of the Expansive Classification scheme on which the current Library of Congress cataloging system is partially based.
Cutter was born in Boston on March 14, 1837, the second son of Caleb and Hannah Bigelow Cutter.
Cutter's vision for the Forbes, in his own words, was for "a new type of public library which, speaking broadly, will lend everything to anybody in any desired quantity for any desired time." There were to be no bothersome rules and children would be welcome.
www.forbeslibrary.org /about/cacutter.shtml   (1607 words)

  
 Famous Librarian: Charles Ammi Cutter
In December of 1868, Cutter was chosen as librarian of the Boston Anthenaeum and he began the arduous task of preparing a published catalog of the holdings.
Cutter was also active on various ALA committees and with the Massachusetts Library Club (W. Cutter 31).
It was "used to develop the first class of the Library of Congress classification, `Class Z: Bibliography and Library Science', and was a basis for a general outline of all the classes" (Immroth 382).
www.chebucto.ns.ca /~ab443/cutter.html   (1060 words)

  
 Charles Ammi Cutter--LIBRARY PIONEER
Cutter was raised in an atmosphere of Unitarian religious principles.
Cutter's decision to broaden the role of the Athenaeum in the American library system was initially met with praise by the board of trustees.
Cutter, through the 1870s and up thought his death in 1903, was working on a system of Expansive Classification.
www.geocities.com /curmudgeony_librarian/articles/cutter.html   (2342 words)

  
 Cutter Expansive Classification - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Cutter Expansive Classification system is a library classification system devised by Charles Ammi Cutter.
Charles Ammi Cutter (1837–1903), inspired by the decimal classification of his contemporary Melvil Dewey, originally developed his own classification scheme for the collections of the Boston Athenaeum, at which he served as librarian for two dozen years.
The Cutter classification, although adopted by comparatively few libraries, mostly in New England, has been called one of the most logical and scholarly of American classifications.
en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cutter_Expansive_Classification   (727 words)

  
 Cutter, Charles Ammi - HighBeam Encyclopedia   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
Cutter cataloged the library of the Harvard Divinity School and in 1860 was appointed as the assistant to the librarian of Harvard.
Cutter's system of classification, Expansive Classification (1891-93), used the alphabet instead of numbers; it was the basis of the Library of Congress classification.
Classification schemes for scores: analysis of structural levels.
www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-cutter-c.html   (205 words)

  
 Charles Ammi Cutter - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Cutter's most significant contribution to the field of library science was the development of the Cutter Expansive Classification system.
Cutter was one of the 100 or so founding members, in 1876, of the American Library Association.
Charles Cutter was born in Boston, Massachusetts and died in Walpole, New Hampshire.
en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Charles_Ammi_Cutter   (690 words)

  
 Newberry Library history of classification
Merrill, and we use the Dewey Decimal Classification." (Rudolph himself was largely responsible for the dismissal of Charles Evans, the bibliographer of American imprints.
But I remarked that, if the Library were to be reclassified, why not benefit by the new `Expansive Classification' of the veteran librarian Charles A. Cutter, which was up-to-date and, as it was then in process of publication, would be in line with the latest advances of scholarship.
From the vantage point of 80 years, it is clear that the Newberry, in its classification problems, suffered the usual disadvantages of the pioneer in that it had locked itself into a system which could not take advantage of subsequent developments and economies.
www.newberry.org /collections/cutter.html   (1417 words)

  
 SLC: ASSIGNING LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CLASSIFICATION NUMBERS
Note that if there is a Cutter after the 2nd $a, it has no $b; the Cutter is a topic or geographic one, and a main entry one is still required.
The creators of the LC classification had studied earlier classification schemes, including Dewey's Decimal Classification, Cutter's Expansive Classification, and Otto Hartwig's Halle Schema (a German classification).
A comparison of the two classification schemes reveals the similarity in order of classes and even in some cases, similarity in first class letter.
www.slc.bc.ca /cheats/lccnums.htm   (1086 words)

  
 Cutter Trimmers   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
Cutter John - Cutter John is a fictional character in the 1980s comic strip Bloom County by Berke Breathed.
Cutter was a wheelchair-using Vietnam War veteran who, despite being somewhat childish and awkward at times, was very popular with the ladies, particularly school teacher Bobbi Harlow.
Cutter Expansive Classification - The Cutter Expansive Classification system is a library classification system devised by Charles Ammi Cutter.
clippers.vvvvvv3.com /cuttertrimmers.html   (970 words)

  
 Library of Congress Classification
The classification was originally developed by Herbert Putnam with the advice of Charles Ammi Cutter[?] in 1897 before he assumed the librarianship of Congress.
It was influenced by Cutter Expansive Classification and DDC, designed for the use by the Library of Congress.
It has been criticized as lacking a sound theoretical basis; many of the classification decisions were driven by the particular practical needs of that library, rather than considerations of rationality.
www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/li/Library_of_Congress_catalogue_scheme.html   (255 words)

  
 Brujula.Net - Your Latin Stating Point   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
The classification was originally developed by Herbert Putnam with the advice of Charles Ammi Cutter in
Cutter Expansive Classification, DDC, and was designed for the use by the Library of Congress.
It has been criticized as lacking a sound theoretical basis; many of the classification decisions were driven by the particular practical needs of that library, rather than considerations of epistemological elegance.
www.brujula.net /english/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Classification.html   (214 words)

  
 The Library of Congress and Its Treatment of the Environment
For instance, Class Z is very similar to a main class in Expansive Classification, as is the overall notation of main classes in LC (Wynar 1985,403).
In this way, the classification system can fulfil its original mandate: to catalogue and maintain the continually growing collection of American and foreign documents and publications that the United States sees as a requirement for the proper governing of a nation.
Classification schemes should be logical, comprehensive, and contemporary, but it is difficult to consistently achieve all three, especially when the date of development is considered.
www.moyak.com /researcher/resume/papers/lc_enviro.html   (1568 words)

  
 TYPES AND ARRANGEMENT OF MATERIALS
Cutter's "Expansive Classification" was revolutionary in that one (or at the most two) capital letters were used to indicate classes of knowledge, for example, S is used to indicate Agriculture.
The LC classification scheme is made up of 34 main subject areas, each being represented by a capital letter, for example, S= Agriculture.
A classification number (or call number) is simply a device used to locate a particular book on library shelves.
www.nsac.ns.ca /lib/handbook/Section-3.htm   (1763 words)

  
 Classification Systems
The classification system used by the ANA Library appears to be similar to the Library of Congress system in that it uses two letters and two numbers in the first line, but it actually is completely different.
It is classification scheme is used to retrieve monographs on a certain subject in the library catalogue.
The NLM Classification is a system of mixed notation patterned after the Library of Congress (LC) Classification where alphabetical letters which denote broad subject categories are further subdivided by numbers.
www.innvista.com /society/education/info/classif.htm   (791 words)

  
 A Way With Words, The Electronic Newsletter of Wordorigins.org   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
For prolific authors, like Twain, this Cutter number is often followed by a alphabetic sequence that either represents the title or the order in which the library acquired the book–so that new acquisitions can simply be put at the end of the appropriate shelf.
The Cutter system also denotes the size of the volume in its call number, using points (.), pluses (+), and slashes (/) to denote books of small to large size.
Cutter created tables of two or three digits that stood for the rest of the name of an author.
www.wordorigins.org /AWWW/Vol05/AWWW090106.html   (1183 words)

  
 Wesleyan University: Library
Their system, which took over some of the best features of the Cutter Expansive Classification then in use at Wesleyan, was a practical shelf arrangement for an essentially closed-stack library rather than a theoretical organization of knowledge.
The Library of Congress classification consists of thirty separate schedules, each developed by subject specialists at L.C. An organic system, it is revised and corrected daily as new materials have to be classified for the Library's collections.
Beyond decimal subdivision, further subdivision of a subject is alphabetical, often by the English name of a subject expressed by "Cutter numbers" (a letter plus one or more digits); this feature results in dispersal of closely related subjects.
www.wesleyan.edu /libr/catalogs/lc.html   (421 words)

  
 Pio200ax.html   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
Cutter stands, square shouldered, among the titans that built the foundation upon which rests the American library system.
Cutter's efforts drew the attention of the board of the Boston Athenaeum, one of the oldest and highly renowned independent libraries in the United States.
Cutter's waning years were spent developing the Forbes Library in Northampton, Massachusetts, serving as de facto consultant to Herbert Putnam as LC was launched, and serving on the Catalog Code Revision Committee of the ALA.
www.wam.umd.edu /~aubrycp/project/Pio200ax.html   (387 words)

  
 Thing-ology (LibraryThing's ideas blog): Cutter Classification, Reloaded
EC still might have been salvageable in the immediate years after Cutter’s passing had the librarians using the scheme at the time banded together and worked cooperatively at maintaining the schedules....
Libraries shouldn't PAY for their classification system, and it shouldn't be controlled by one institution.
Cutter is nearly dead because the libraries using it failed to connect with each other.
librarything.com /thingology/2006/12/cutter-classification-reloaded.php   (681 words)

  
 The Library of Mount Holyoke College, 1837-1968   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
He sought the advice of eminent librarians such as Charles Jewett and Justin Winsor of the Boston Public Library, and of Charles A. Cutter, Librarian of the Boston Atheneum, later to be Librarian of the Forbes Library in Northampton.
During this period much was being done to formalize and standardize library procedures and practices: classification schemes were developed; bibliographic guides and indexes produced; library furniture and equipment specifically designed; formal training for librarians begun; a professional association for those engaged in library work formed.
However, the Expansive Classification being developed by Charles A. Cutter, Librarian of the Forbes Library in Northampton, seemed more appropriate to the College's collection.
www.mtholyoke.edu /lits/library/about/libabout.html   (4740 words)

  
 Cover Pages: Resource Description and Classification
SIC (Standard Industrial Classifications) GEN description: "The SIC are used to classify industry categories and is used by the Small Business Administration (SBA) as a guide in defining industries for size classifications.
Classification schemes vary in scope and methodology, but can be divided into universal, national general, subject specific and home-grown schemes.
An automatic classification system requires a list of terms that are associated with the various sections of the classification scheme used.
www.oasis-open.org /cover/classification.html   (7729 words)

  
 Forbes Library | Cutter Classification
The books in Forbes library are arranged in the Cutter Expansive Classification System, which was developed by Charles Cutter, the librarian at Forbes from 1894 - 1903.
In the Cutter system, each geographical area is assigned a number - Massachusetts' number is 844; Northampton is further designated by the letter N.
The following outline of the Cutter Expansive Classification system describes each category and the types of materials you will find in general areas.
www.forbeslibrary.org /books/cutter.shtml   (487 words)

  
 class   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
The two most commonly used library classification systems today in American libraries are Library of Congress and Dewey Decimal which are discussed at some length in the textbook.
This system was developed by Charles Cutter, who was inspired the success of his contemporary, Melvil Dewey, who developed the Dewey Decimal Classification System.
Though Dewey and LC tend to dominate the classification market these days, there are numerous other classification systems which have been used and which can still be found in libraries, including the Bliss Classification System and the Yale Classification System.
eagle.clarion.edu /~faculty/vavrek/classification.htm   (483 words)

  
 Alphabet Soup for Cataloging Students -- RA Harris
The Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC, also called the Dewey Decimal System) is a proprietary system of library classification developed by Melvil Dewey in 1876, and since greatly modified and expanded in the course of the twenty-two major revisions, the most recent in 2004.
It also is a faceted classification, combining elements from different parts of the structure to construct a number representing the subject content (often combining two subject elements with linking numbers and geographical and temporal elements) and form of an item rather than drawing upon a list containing each class and its meaning.
Books are placed on the shelf in increasing numerical order; the whole number to the left of the decimal is in counting order, while the digits to the right of the decimal are compared one digit at a time, with a blank coming before zero.
euphrates.wpunj.edu /faculty/harrisr/asc   (2586 words)

  
 Andover-Harvard Library -Old Div(inity) Classification System   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
The OLD DIV classification begins with the letters A, C-Z (for secular subjects), or the numbers 10-999 (for religious / theological subjects).
The OLD DIV(inity) classification was established by the Rev. Owen Gates, the first librarian of the joint Harvard and Andover Library, and revised by other librarians before 1971.
Like the Library of Congress classification scheme, it was based on and influenced by the "Cutter Expansive Classification" (you can see their similarity if you compare LC and the OLD DIV alphabetic classification).
www.hds.harvard.edu /library/research/finding_books/old_div.html   (277 words)

  
 Bibliographic Management | Factfile
The Library of Congress Classification (LCC) was originally developed by Herbert Putnam with the advice of Charles Ammi Cutter in 1897 for the Library of Congress.
It was influenced by the Cutter Expansive Classification and DDC [link to DDC page] and replaced a fixed location system.
It has been criticized as lacking a sound theoretical basis, as many decisions were made with respect to the practical needs of the Library of Congress.
www.ukoln.ac.uk /bib-man/factfile/classification/lcc/intro.html   (97 words)

  
 098 Other Classification Schemes [OCLC - 007 Introduction]   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
Call numbers based on standard classification schemes not represented in the other call number fields.
In some cases, you may enter call numbers based on state government classification schemes in field 086 or field 098.
If you want to add a classification scheme to the preceding list, submit a request to your OCLC regional service provider or OCLC.
www.oclc.org /bibformats/en/0xx/098.shtm   (388 words)

  
 A Way With Words, The Electronic Newsletter of Wordorigins.org   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
The top-level hierarchies are based on Cutter's classification system, but the rest of the LCC system differs markedly from Cutter's.
The great advantage of the LCC is that usually the same number, the one assigned by the Library of Congress, is used by all other libraries, so finding a book across libraries is easier.
These numbers are followed by a Cutter number for the author's last name and they year of publication.
www.wordorigins.org /AWWW/Vol05/AWWW090806.html   (1316 words)

  
 Wilberforce University
By the end of the 19th century the explosion of printed information and the concomitant growth of library collections generated various book classification systems designed to organize and control library materials.
More information than you probably want to know about the Library of Congress classification system may be found in the Encyclopedia of Library and Information Science (Ref. Z1006.E47, volume 15, pages 93-200 and especially pages 150 to 163).
Initial Letters indicate the alphabetical shelving locations where these subject areas are generally located in the Wilberforce University (or most other academic libraries).
www.wilberforce.edu /student_life/library_links_tips.html   (468 words)

  
 The role of classification schemes in Internet resource description and discovery - LCC
LCC is an international universal classification scheme, and is therefore unlikely to be the best choice for a service providing extensive information within one specific subject area.
The classification in these Web page based services is mostly produced in a rather superficial way and subject headings are not used to describe the resources, so is there no opportunity to build connections between subject headings and classification.
As with DDC (see section 2.1.8) the classification numbers would be able to be used without restraint but not the accompanying textual material.
www.ukoln.ac.uk /metadata/desire/classification/class_4.htm   (3656 words)

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