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Topic: Cutworm

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	Cutworms
		Overwintering cutworms may live under trash or bark, in clumps of grass or in earthen cells in the soil.
		These cutworms become active and begin feeding as the weather warms in spring, remaining hidden under debris or in the soil and feeding at night.
		Cutworm abundance and development is greatly affected by weather, especially rainfall.
	www.uri.edu /ce/factsheets/sheets/cutworms.html (772 words)

	Cutworm - Insects - Manitoba Agriculture, Food and Rural Initiatives
		The army cutworm (bottom, Figure 1) feeds on the foliage of wheat, oats, barley, mustard, flax, alfalfa, sweetclover, field peas, cabbage, sugar beets, corn, oats, potatoes, various weeds (notably stinkweed) and grasses.
		Army cutworms are pale greenish-gray to brown in colour.
		Cutworm control in cereals is usually necessary when cutworms destroy 3-10% of the crop or when cutworm populations exceed two to five cutworms per 100 plants or three to four cutworms per square metre (square yard).
	www.gov.mb.ca /agriculture/crops/insects/fad06s00.html (596 words)

	Nutri-Lawn - Cutworm IPM Insect Control in Turfgrass Organic Lawns & Cutworms
		The cutworm pupate and emerge as a moth.
		Cutworm damage is often small, and limited to a couple of small areas that often recover on their own.
		Cutworm feeding on endophytic turfgrasses is detered because of the fungal toxin within the endophytic fungi.
	www.nutri-lawn.com /cutworm.htm (485 words)

	HighBeam Encyclopedia - cutworm
		CUTWORM [cutworm] name for the larvae of many moths of the family Noctuidae (owlet moths).
		Cutworms are classified in the phylum Arthropoda, class Insecta, order Lepidoptera, family Noctuidae.
		QTL mapping of antibiosis resistance to common cutworm (Spodoptera litura Fabricius) in soybean.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/c/cutworm.asp (237 words)

	GCM January 1997 - Does aerification promote black cutworm infestations?
		Cutworms are not necessarily attracted to aerified surfaces, but many will exploit aerification holes as burrows.
		We also investigated whether fl cutworms are attracted or repelled by aerification or topdressing, and whether larval survival is affected when larvae are exposed to topdressing.
		Although cutworms are not necessarily attracted to aerified putting surfaces, we found that a high percentage will nonetheless exploit aerification holes as burrows when such holes are available.
	www.gcsaa.org /gcm/1997/jan97/cutw.html (1623 words)

	UC IPM: UC Management Guidelines for Cutworms on Sugarbeet
		The variegated cutworm is a dark gray caterpillar with a light stripe on the side and small yellow to orange spots on top of the abdominal segments.
		The granulate cutworm is primarily a pest of sugarbeet grown near alfalfa in the Imperial Valley.
		Monitor for cutworms during stand establishment by looking for plants lying on their sides that have been chewed at the soil surface or that are completely missing.
	www.ipm.ucdavis.edu /PMG/r735301211.html (855 words)

	ENT-59: Cutworm Management in Corn
		Among the different species of cutworms attacking corn in the commonwealth are the claybacked cutworm, the dingy cutworm, and the fl cutworm, which is the most common and destructive.
		To control cutworms that overwinter as partially grown larvae, land should be kept weed-free, particularly of broadleaf weeds, during the fall months to reduce egg-laying by cutworm moths.
		Crops planted on sod are prone to cutworm damage unless the land is plowed in early fall and kept weed-free for the rest of the season.
	www.ca.uky.edu /agc/pubs/ent/ent59/ent59.htm (2073 words)

	G7112 Black Cutworm in Missouri, MU Extension
		In Missouri and Iowa, several years of research indicate that if cutworm damage occurs, it is due to larvae that were already present in the field at the time of planting; therefore, it is important to begin scouting at plant emergence.
		Black cutworm larvae are difficult to detect because they are active mainly at night and hide beneath dirt clods, in soil cracks or in their burrows during the day.
		Cutworm infestations should be reported as a percentage of plants cut: light (1 to 5 percent), medium (5 to 15 percent), or heavy (more than 15 percent) when plant damage and significant stand reduction occur.
	muextension.missouri.edu /xplor/agguides/pests/g07112.htm (1367 words)

	Black Cutworm
		Black cutworm larvae are light gray to fl, with four fl bumps called tubercles on their back.
		Cutworms are present in Michigan every year, but only are a problem in some fields and in some years.
		The generic Michigan threshold for cutworms in alfalfa, corn, dry bean, soybean, and sugarbeet is 5% plants with damage, and small larvae present (Extension Bulletin E-1582).
	web1.msue.msu.edu /barrycty/factsheets/blackcutworm.htm (624 words)

	The Armyworm and the Army Cutworm
		Army cutworm larvae (Figure 4) attain a length of 1½ to 2 inches.
		The army cutworm is a climbing cutworm that "grazes" on the leaves of its host plants.
		In the north central plains states, army cutworms are primarily an early season pest of cereal crops, especially winter wheat in the Dakotas and Montana.
	www.ext.nodak.edu /extpubs/plantsci/pests/e830w.htm (1934 words)

	Black Cutworm
		Black cutworm is the most destructive cutworm in the northern states, and may occasionally cause severe damage to field crops.
		Larvae of fl cutworms can be distinguished from other cutworms by their "greasy fl" color, and the series of fl dots running laterally down the sides of the caterpillars.
		Cutworms are difficult to control because they must be detected early to prevent damage, and outbreaks are sporadic.
	www.mda.state.mn.us /pestsurvey/factsheets/blkctworm.html (601 words)

	Processing Snapbean Production Assessment: Black Cutworm (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Cutworms are active feeders on young foliage or stem tissue and can cut off several young seedlings in an evening.
		Adult cutworms are gray moths which have a series of distinctive dark markings on their forewings and lighter colored hindwings.
		Black cutworm larvae are easily confused with other cutworms, but generally damage crops earlier in the season than other species.
	ipcm.wisc.edu /piap/snapbeans/InsBlkCutworm.htm (638 words)

	Welcome to Fields Crops IPM at Purdue University
		The bodies of cutworms are cylindrical and may vary in length from 1/8 to 1-1/2 inches (3 to 38 mm), texture, and color depending on the species.
		Cutworm damage may be prevalent where soybean is planted or replanted late (e.g., bottom ground wet from spring flooding) and in fields with weedy growth.
		Cutworm presence may be evident before or after planting on several types of host plants.
	www.entm.purdue.edu /fieldcropsipm/insects/soybeancutworms.cfm (556 words)

	Caterpillars in Small Grains
		Army cutworm is found in all agricultural areas of Colorado, although it is mostly a pest of winter grains, sugarbeets and alfalfa.
		Army cutworm feeding has the most effect on yield when there is relatively little foliage for them to feed on, which increases the likelihood of damage to the crown.
		Pale western cutworm is a subterranean cutworm, feeding on stems at the crown.
	www.ext.colostate.edu /pubs/insect/05577.html (1679 words)

	ACES Frequently Asked Questions System
		Claybacked cutworms overwinter as half-grown larvae in the soil.
		The sandhill cutworm is whitish to tan to pale gray with seven faint, chalky-white stripes along the length of the body.
		Variegated cutworms vary in color from green-yellow to tan to nearly fl and are characterized by a row of four to seven pale-yellow spots along the center of the dorsum (back).
	web.aces.uiuc.edu /faq/faq.pdl?faq_id=542 (581 words)

	Bud-Boring Cutworm: An Unusual Pest of Native Rhododendrons
		It is as a climbing cutworm that the variegated cutworm causes damage to rhododendrons.
		However, cutworms collected from rhododendron buds in February and early March were ½ to 1¼ inches long, too large to be from a new, early spring generation.
		As noted, the variegated cutworm is usually found in various forage and field crops.
	www.ag.auburn.edu /dept/ent/bulletins/cutworm.htm (517 words)

	cutworm control (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Cutworms are a common early season garden insect which will require control.
		The most common cutworms are those which cut off your plants at soil level and leave the tops lying on the ground nearby.
		If cutworms are present, they should be within 1 to 2 inches of the damaged plant and not more than 1 to 3 inches down in the soil.
	www.ext.nodak.edu /county/cass/horticulture/inform/insects/cutworm.htm (292 words)

	IPM - University of Missouri - Black Cutworm Monitoring and Forecasting Program
		The fl cutworm is by far the most destructive species of the cutworm complex in the Corn Belt as it cuts corn seedlings near the soil line.
		Intensive captures are indicated when at least eight fl cutworm moths are captured over two nights in a sticky wing trap, or at least 17 moths are caught in one night in the larger Texas-style metal cone trap.
		The dingy cutworm is an overwintering cutworm that is often found in cornfields one to two weeks before the fl cutworm reaches its plant-cutting stage.
	agebb.missouri.edu /weather/reports/bcwforecast.htm (1287 words)

	Cutworm Fact Sheet
		Unlike many cutworm species that sever plants at the soil surface, army cutworms climb plants to eat leaves and stems.
		cutworm caterpillars over 1 1/2 inches long have already done most of their feeding damage and will pupate shortly.
		Cutworm control might not be warranted if it is likely that the alfalfa is going to freeze, anyway.
	extension.usu.edu /files/agpubs/CutwormFactSheet.html (1055 words)

	Caterpillars on Field Crops: III
		This climbing cutworm is best distinguished by a row of white to pale yellow dots that run along the midline of the back.
		It is similar in appearance to the glassy cutworm but has two distinct vertical brown bars on the front of the head capsule.
		The abdomen of this subterranean cutworm is a dark bronzed-brown and has five distinct pale stripes running the entire length.
	www.ext.colostate.edu /pubs/insect/05565.html (500 words)

	Cutworm
		Several kinds of surface-feeding caterpillars are known as cutworms.
		There are three types of cutworms, each characterized by where they do their feeding: below ground level on roots of carrots for instance; at ground level on seedlings; or above ground level on buds of various crops.
		Cutworms are vulnerable to a variety of garden predators and parasites such as ground or soldier beetles.
	www.gardeners.com /Cutworm/default/5310.page?SC= (313 words)

	Small Grains XII-Army Cutworm (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		The army cutworm has one generation per year and spends the winter as a partially grown caterpillar.
		As daytime temperatures rise, the army cutworm is found under soil clods and other debris during the day.
		Because of the sporadic nature of army cutworm outbreaks, management options are limited to the use of insecticides.
	scarab.msu.montana.edu /HPIpmSearch/Docs/ArmyCutworm-SmallGrains.htm (285 words)

	The wisdom of preplant cutworm treatments
		Black cutworm moths are migratory insects that fly to the Midwest from Texas and Mexico.
		Recent history strongly suggests that the threat of fl cutworm damage on a large scale is overrated.
		However, the use of either insecticide as a preventive treatment in the absence of insects is irresponsible stewardship of an insecticide and goes against the principles of integrated pest management.
	www.ipm.iastate.edu /ipm/icm/1996/4-15-1996/cutwormtreat.html (701 words)

	Field Corn - Black Cutworm (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Corn plants are most vulnerable to cutworm injury following emergence and susceptibility to injury declines as the corn plant approaches the 6th leaf stage of development.
		Depending on the stages of cutworm and corn development present, 1 to 3 additional plants may be affected for every plant exhibiting fresh injury up to the 4 leaf stage.
		Thus, rescue treatment should be based on accurate estimates of stand injury and presence of cutworms in the early to mid larval stages.
	ipm.osu.edu /ib/c-2b.htm (311 words)

	Variegated cutworm
		The variegated cutworm is one of the most important cutworms on vegetables, damaging potato and tomato.
		Like other cutworms, variegated cutworms are nocturnal and feeding takes place at night or on very cloudy days, meaning few people have seen the cutworms though many are familiar with the large irregular holes noticed later.
		This cutworm is referred to as a "climbing" cutworm because of its habit of climbing plants at night to feed on foliage, flowers, buds and fruits.
	www.ag.ndsu.nodak.edu /aginfo/entomology/entupdates/Lawn_Ornmntl/variegated_ctwrm.htm (470 words)

	Crop Watch, July 2, 2004: Sprouting wheat heads; Pest alerts: western bean cutworm eggs, soybean aphid, corn rootworms, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Western bean cutworm moth flight began in mid June in south central Nebraska, and scouting should be underway across the state for the white, dome-shaped egg masses.
		Western bean cutworm moths prefer to lay eggs in corn plants that are in the late whorl stage compared to those that have completely tasseled.
		Western bean cutworm eggs that hatch when corn plants are in the whorl stage of growth have a high rate of survival.
	cropwatch.unl.edu /archives/2004/crop04-14.htm (9799 words)

	Agrotis ipsilon
		Cutworms are often difficult to control, especially when populations are epidemic in proportion.
		Unfortunately, by the time the pest is identified, the cutworms would have already developed into a life stage which is not as susceptible to insecticides as the early larval stages.
		Because of the protected environment of the cutworm larvae, it is necessary to apply high-volume sprays (at least 1000 1/ha) of insecticides.
	www.extento.hawaii.edu /kbase/crop/Type/agrotis.htm (1041 words)

	Cutworms
		There are a number of species of cutworms which are variable in color.
		Cutworms are active just under the soil surface and will curl into a ball if disturbed (not to be confused with white grubs, or Japanese beetle grubs, which are C-shaped).
		Some cutworms, such as the dingy cutworm, also prefer to lay eggs in soybean fields, and can contribute to high populations in corn if it follows in the rotation.
	www.soybeans.umn.edu /crop/insects/cutworms.htm (116 words)

	Take Steps to Avoid Army Cutworm Damage 3/10/04
		MANHATTAN, Kan. — Army cutworm larvae, which are a particular problem in Kansas wheat and alfalfa, are known to move en mass, “marching” in army formation to find more food, once they’ve consumed all of the food in an area, according to Kansas State University Extension entomologist Jeff Whitworth.
		Army cutworm larvae may destroy alfalfa seedling plants in early spring or hurt foliage enough to reduce the amount harvested in the first cutting of established stands.
		Information about insecticides labeled for army cutworm control is available in the Wheat Insect Management Guide (2004) and the Alfalfa Insect Management Guide (2004) at local county Research and Extension offices or on the World Wide Web at: http://www.oznet.ksu.edu.
	www.oznet.ksu.edu /news/sty/2004/army_cutworms031004.htm (965 words)

	UC IPM: UC Management Guidelines for Cutworms on Cole Crops
		Cutworms include a number of species of dull gray to brown, medium-sized to large (up to 2 inches when full grown) caterpillars.
		Adult cutworm moths have dark gray or brown front wings with irregular spots or bands and lighter hind wings.
		Cutworms have numerous natural enemies, but none can be relied on to bring a damaging population down below economic levels.
	www.ipm.ucdavis.edu /PMG/r108301511.html (604 words)

	Pale Western and Army Cutworms in Montana
		Army cutworms are distributed throughout the semiarid region of the Great Plains, extending to eastern Kansas with reports of occurrence as far east as Illinois and Michigan.
		Pale western cutworms occur from Alberta to Arizona and New Mexico, extending east to western North and South Dakota, Nebraska, Kansas and the panhandles of Oklahoma and Texas.
		Both species of cutworms are attacked by wasp parasites belonging to the families of Ichneumonidae, Braconidae and Chalicidae and fly (dipteran) parasites, of Tachinidae and Bombylidae.
	www.montana.edu /wwwpb/pubs/mt200005.html (2074 words)

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