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Topic: Cyanogen

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	Cyanogen - LoveToKnow 1911 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		When cyanogen is prepared by heating mercuric cyanide, a residue known as para-cyanogen, (CN)x, is left; this is to be regarded as a polymer of cyanogen.
		Cyanogen is a colourless gas, possessing a peculiar characteristic smell, and is very poisonous.
		It burns with a purple flame, forming carbon dioxide and nitrogen; and may be condensed (by cooling to - 25° C.) to a colourless liquid, and further to a solid, which melts at - 34.4° C. Faraday, Ann., 18 45, 56, p.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Cyanogen (269 words)

	Cyano Compounds (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Cyanogen, cyanogen bromide and cyanogen chloride are used in organic syntheses.
		Cyanogen is also a fumigant and a fuel gas for welding and cutting heat-resistant metals.
		Cyanogen bromide is utilized in textile treatment, as a fumigant and pesticide, and in gold extraction processes.
	www.ilo.org /encyclopaedia/?doc&nd=857300037&nh=0 (1106 words)

	Glossary: Cyanogen chloride
		Cyanogen Chloride is formed as a water disinfectant byproduct when chlorine is used to oxidize water impurities such as cyanide.
		In the past, cyanogen chloride has been used as a chemical weapon (because it is a blood agent and it can stop the normal utilization of oxygen in the body) and as a pesticide.
		Cyanogen chloride is still found in some workplaces where it is manufactured.
	www.greenfacts.org /glossary/abc/cyanogen-chloride.htm (114 words)

	Process of Producing Cyanogen Gas in Comet Hale
		Cyanogen is a molecule composed of one atom each of carbon and nitrogen and a prominent compound found in most comets.
		Scientists had once thought that cyanogen gas was released only after a comet had entered the H20 sublimation zone, a point on the comets orbit where it was about 3.0 astronomical units (AUs) -- about 280 million miles -- from the sun.
		They were able to measure the spatial distribution of cyanogen gas throughout the comet, as well as its spectral profile.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/1997-03/OSU-PoPC-280397.php (523 words)

	Blood Agents
		Cyanogen chloride and cyanogen bromide after absorption reacts in such a way that hydrogen cyanide is eventually released.
		Cyanogen chloride's pungent, biting odor is marked by its irritating lacrimatory properties.
		Cyanogen chloride poisoning should be treated in the same way as hydrogen cyanide poisoning as regards to its cyanide-like effects.
	mywebpage.netscape.com /Emrgncprepinfo/blood.htm (594 words)

	HHMI Lab Safety: LCSS: CYANOGEN BROMIDE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Because of its high acute toxicity, cyanogen bromide should be handled using the "basic prudent practices" of Chapter 5.C, supplemented by the additional precautions for work with compounds of high toxicity (Chapter 5.D).
		Containers of cyanogen bromide should be kept tightly sealed and stored under nitrogen in a secondary container in a refrigerator.
		Excess cyanogen bromide and waste material containing this substance should be placed in an appropriate container, clearly labeled, and handled according to your institution's waste disposal guidelines.
	www.hhmi.org /about/labsafe/lcss/lcss26.html (423 words)

	FM 8-9 Part III/Chptr 5 Cyanogen Agents (Blood Agents)
		Cyanogen chlorides pungent, biting odour is marked by its irritating lachrymatory properties.
		Cyanogen chloride injures the respiratory tract, resulting in severe inflammatory changes in the bronchioles and congestion and oedema in the lungs.
		Cyanogen halide poisoning should be treated in the same way as hydrogen cyanide poisoning as regards its cyanide-like effects.
	www.globalsecurity.org /wmd/library/policy/army/fm/8-9/3ch5.htm (1841 words)

	Blood Agent: CK
		Cyanogen chloride is nonpersistent, and decontamination may be accomplished by allowing sufficient time for the agent to evaporate while monitoring vapor concentrations and restricting access to avoid producing a hazardous situation.
		Cyanogen chloride is a moderately important industrial chemical, with uses in synthesis, including the synthesis of herbicides, ore refining, and as a metal cleaner.
		Vitrite consisted of 70% cyanogen chloride with 30% arsenic trichloride, with the arsenic trichloride serving as a stabilizer to prevent the formation of the trimer.
	www.cbwinfo.com /Chemical/Blood/CK.shtml (1555 words)

	Cyanogen bromide - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Cyanogen bromide is a chemical primarily used to 'activate' biopolymers, for example, polysaccharides (such as Sepharose, for use in chromatography columns), or protein materials (for immunoassays), for easy subsequent covalent coupling to other reagents under relatively mild conditions.
		However, very little cyanogen bromide is required to quantitatively cleave proteins and peptides; unlike most proteases which are usually used to cleave peptides, cyanogen bromide cleaves a peptide cleanly at the C-side of Methionine residues.
		Cyanogen bromide is strongly electrophilic and is attacked by the nucleophilic sulfur on the methionine.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cyanogen_bromide (386 words)

	Cyanogen (Partially Validated Method #PV2104)
		Direct collection on various media was not attempted as cyanogen reacts with water to form hydrogen cyanide and cyanate, and would react with any water collected from the humidity in the air.
		Cyanogen is used as a fumigant, in welding and cutting heat-resistant metals, and as a rocket and missile propellant.
		Six tubes were spiked with cyanogen gas at each loading of 3.64 µg (0.57 ppm), 16.5 µg (2.58 ppm), 32.9 µg (5.15 ppm), and 64.0 µg (10.0 ppm).
	www.osha.gov /dts/sltc/methods/partial/t-pv2104-01-8907-ch/t-pv2104-01-8907-ch.html (1436 words)

	Cyanogen - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Cyanogen chloride (NCCl), for example, is considered (for the purposes of naming) to be cyanogen with one cyano group replaced with a chlorine atom.
		Cyanogen, at room temperature, is a colorless gas with a pungent odor.
		Cyanogen has a long history, having been probably first synthesised around 1782 by Carl Scheele when he studied hydrogen cyanide.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cyanogen (413 words)

	005 Cyanide
		A cyanogen usually refers to a nitrile that liberates the cyanide anion during metabolism and produces the biological effects of the cyanide anion.
		Cyanogen bromide was used briefly in World War I, but is of no present interest.
		Cyanogen chloride is also similar to the riot-control agents in causing irritation to the eyes, nose, and airways, as well as marked lacrimation, rhinorrhea, and bronchosecretions.
	www.brooksidepress.org /Products/OperationalMedicine/DATA/operationalmed/Manuals/RedHandbook/005Cyanide.htm (3190 words)

	FM 8-9 Part III/Chptr 5 Cyanogen Agents (Blood Agents)
		Cyanogen agents produce their effects by interfering with oxygen utilisation at the cellular level.
		The cyanogen halides owe their toxicity to the CN-group, but the halogen moiety supplies them with their irritant properties.
		Cyanogen halides are rather poorly absorbed onto charcoal, especially if the charcoal is damp.
	www.fas.org /nuke/guide/usa/doctrine/dod/fm8-9/3ch5.htm (1827 words)

	Cyanogen bromide (CASRN 506-68-3), IRIS, Environmental Protection Agency
		Decreased protein efficiency ratio was produced by dietary cyanide treatment of rats during gestation, lactation and postweaning growth phase in the Tewe and Maner (1981) experiment; the dose level of cyanide (10.6 mg/kg/day) producing that effect is slightly lower than the currently accepted NOAEL of 10.8 mg/kg/day.
		Although the toxicity of cyanogen bromide appears to be related to the release of cyanide in chronic exposure to low levels of cyanogen bromide (Hartung, 1982), the toxicity of undissociated cyanogen bromide has not been evaluated.
		Therefore, until specific data on cyanogen bromide become available, the RfD for cyanogen bromide is derived by analogy to cyanide.
	www.epa.gov /iris/subst/0358.htm (1185 words)

	Researchers Get To The Root Of Cassava's Cyanide-Producing Abilities
		Cyanogens in cassava plants convert to cyanide when raw cassava is eaten or processed.
		Chronic, low-level cyanide exposure is associated with the development of goiter and with tropical ataxic neuropathy, a nerve-damaging disorder that renders a person unsteady and uncoordinated.
		They then analyzed the linamarin content in these plants’ leaves and roots, finding a significant reduction of the cyanogen in leaves (by 60 to 94 percent) and in roots (by 99 percent) compared to normal cassava plants.
	researchnews.osu.edu /archive/cassava.htm (1001 words)

	Environmental Protection Agency
		Signs and symptoms of acute exposure to cyanogen iodide may include hypertension (high blood pressure) and tachycardia (rapid heart rate), followed by hypotension (low blood pressure) and bradycardia (slow heart rate).
		Cyanogen iodide is irritating to the skin and mucous membranes.
		Acute exposure to cyanogen iodide exposure may require decontamination and life support for the victims.
	yosemite.epa.gov /oswer/CeppoEHS.nsf/firstaid/506-78-5?OpenDocument (678 words)

	D4165-06 Standard Test Method for Cyanogen Chloride in Water
		Cyanogen chloride is normally present only at very low concentrations; it is a very labile and sparsely soluble gaseous compound.
		Water samples may contain cyanogen chloride after the chlorination of waste waters containing cyanide or thiocyanate compounds.
		A quick test using a spot plate or comparator as soon as the sample is collected may be the best test, reducing the loss of cyanogen chloride during the time lapse between sampling and analysis.
	www.astm.org /DATABASE.CART/REDLINE_PAGES/D4165.htm (351 words)

	Complete amino acid sequence of human phosphoglycerate kinase. Cyanogen bromide peptides and complete amino acid ...
		Cyanogen bromide peptides and complete amino acid sequence -- Huang et al.
		acid sequences of all the cyanogen bromide peptides were determined by a
		tryptic and cyanogen bromide peptides derived from the enzyme, the proper
	www.jbc.org /cgi/lookup?vol=255&fp=6412&view=abstract (232 words)

	OhioLINK ETD: WINTERS, MICHAEL
		Salt bridges between self-associating hen egg-white (HEW) lysozyme and bovine insulin molecules were converted to covalent links by ethanedinitrile (cyanogen) and identified using mass spectrometry.
		Using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with ESI-Q-TOF MS, an intermolecular salt bridge association was identified by covalently linking the B chain C-terminal carboxyl group of Ala 30 and the charged imidazole of His 5 (B chain).
		The results presented in thesis show that this methodology can be applied to protein-protein interactions in the intact cell and also suggests the possibility of using cyanogen to tract cell cycle dependent events.
	rave.ohiolink.edu /etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1027090541 (400 words)

	Company Seven \| Cyanogen Products News Page
		Cyanogen Productions Inc. develops and markets a variety of scientific and educational products.
		A joint venture between Ceravolo Optical Systems and Diffraction Limited, Cyanogen is located in Canada's national capital region.
		Drawing on the resources of both parent companies and in conjunction with a number of corporate partners, Cyanogen is committed to developing products which are both sophisticated and easy to use.
	www.company7.com /cyanogen/news.html (551 words)

	Process of Producing Cyanogen Gas in Comet Hale-Bopp Explained (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		To get the number by which he can be reached, contact Earle Holland.
		The conclusions, published this week in the journal Science, offer substantial new information about what mechanisms control the evolution of comets and whether the same processes are at work regardless of how close to or far from the sun the comet may be.
		They took detailed spectrographs of the comet through its head, or coma.
	www2.jpl.nasa.gov /comet/news65.html (573 words)

	T&C Power Conversion Inc.
		CT 6003 Cyanogen Plasma Glow System provides a means of measurement of gaseous content and coating density in most types of fluorescent and automotivelamps in the laboratory and on-line quality control conditions.
		Operation of the CT 6003 is based on the latest achievements in microprocessor, power conversion and radio frequency (RF) electronics.
		CT 6003S Cyanogen Afterglow System is responsible for Plasma Decay measurements from moment of excitation to final decision for the lamp under test.
	www.tcpowerconversion.com /rfsp/ct6003.html (735 words)

	Eleusis: Production of Cyanogen Bromide (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Perform this reaction outside on a windy day, or with a good fume hood (no, I don't mean the fan over the stove).
		Cyanogen Bromide has been known to decompose explosively on standing...
		If it will not be used immediately, it may be stored in the freezer, but should be used as soon as possible.
	www.erowid.org /archive/rhodium/chemistry/eleusis/cnbr.html (410 words)

	cyanogen - HighBeam Encyclopedia
		cyanogen, NCCN, colorless, flammable, extremely poisonous gas with a characteristic odor somewhat like that of hydrogen cyanide.
		Find newspaper and magazine articles plus images and maps related to "cyanogen" at HighBeam.
		More information is at your fingertips at HighBeam Research:
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-cyanogen.html (167 words)

	Company Seven \| Cyanogen "MaximDL" Software Page
		The trend in the software industry is to eliminate the user manual in favor of on-line help; Cyanogen and Company Seven believe this approach is a mistake.
		And so while there are on-line help supplements to the traditional instruction manual, on-line help doesn't replace it.
		And of course, we will keep real live people at Company Seven and at Cyanogen available to help you should the documentation and on line help features still leave you confounded.
	www.company7.com /cyanogen/products/maximdlc.html (1233 words)

	Cyanogen chloride - toxicity, ecologicial toxicity and regulatory information
		Cyanogen chloride - toxicity, ecologicial toxicity and regulatory information
		Cyanogen chloride - Identification, toxicity, use, water pollution potential, ecological toxicity and regulatory information
		There may be other diseases and chemicals that have similar symptoms.
	www.pesticideinfo.org /Detail_Chemical.jsp?Rec_Id=PC36580 (820 words)

	CT 6001 Cyanogen Plasma Glow System. Plasma decay measurement. Lamp bulb tester. After glow test.
		CT 6001 Cyanogen Plasma Glow System provides a means of measurement of gaseous content and coating density in most types of incandescent lamps in the laboratory and on-line quality control conditions.
		Not only will each individual bulb be tested, but also the collected data will provide information about the performance of your equipment for analysis and correction of any equipment malfunction.
		Also, with normal precautions and periodic maintenance for the on-site operating conditions, there will be excellent longevity.
	www.hotektech.com /TCPoCT6001.htm (413 words)

	Cyanogen bromide and formic acid peptide mapping (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Skopp, R.N. and Lane, L.C. Fingerprinting of proteins cleaved in solution by cyanogen bromide.
		CAUTION: Cyanogen bromide is toxic and volatile, use it under the hood and dispose of wastes judiciously
		Kaiser R, Metzka L, Analytical Biochemistry 266, 1-8 (1999) Enhancement of cyanogen bromide cleavage yields for methionyl-serine and methionyl-threonine peptide bonds
	plantpath.unl.edu /llane/text/cnbr.html (749 words)

	CYANIDE
		Terms: The term cyanide refers to the anion CN or to its acidic form, hydrocyanic acid (HCN).
		Also, the use of "blood agent" for cyanide connotes to some people that the site of action of cyanide is in the blood, an erroneous notion.
		Sources other than military: The cyanide ion is ubiquitous in nearly all living organisms which tolerate and even require the ion in low concentrations.
	www.fas.org /nuke/guide/usa/doctrine/army/mmcch/Cyanide.htm (2378 words)

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