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Topic: Cyanogen chloride

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	Blood Agents (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		Cyanogen chloride's pungent, biting odor is marked by its irritating lacrimatory properties.
		Cyanogen chloride injures the respiratory tract resulting in severe inflammatory changes in the bronchioles and congestion and edema in the lungs.
		Cyanogen chloride poisoning should be treated in the same way as hydrogen cyanide poisoning as regards to its cyanide-like effects.
	mywebpage.netscape.com /Emrgncprepinfo/blood.htm (594 words)

	Cyanogen - LoveToKnow 1911
		When cyanogen is prepared by heating mercuric cyanide, a residue known as para-cyanogen, (CN)x, is left; this is to be regarded as a polymer of cyanogen.
		Cyanogen is a colourless gas, possessing a peculiar characteristic smell, and is very poisonous.
		It burns with a purple flame, forming carbon dioxide and nitrogen; and may be condensed (by cooling to - 25° C.) to a colourless liquid, and further to a solid, which melts at - 34.4° C. Faraday, Ann., 18 45, 56, p.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Cyanogen (295 words)

	[No title]
		Cyanogen chloride shows solubility in both water (69 g/liter of water or about 2 1/4 ounces/gallon of water) and in most organic solvents (e.g., ethanol, chloroform or benzene); however, such mixtures often are unstable.
		By this extended definition of “cyanogen”, cyanogen chloride is an example of a cyanogen as is the substance known as “oil of bitter almonds”.
		Cyanogen chloride is considered to be a non-persistent substance because of its volatility.
	www.du.edu /rmchd/documents/CYANOGENCHLORIDEforweb_000.doc (1448 words)

	Cyanogen chloride - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		More commonly enountered in the laboratory is cyanogen bromide, a room temperature solid, which is widely used in biochemical analysis and preparation.
		Also known as CK, cyanogen chloride is a highly toxic blood agent, once proposed for use in chemical warfare.
		Cyanogen chloride is listed in schedule 3 of the Chemical Weapons Convention: all production must be reported to the OPCW.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cyanogen_chloride (264 words)

	FM 8-9 Part III/Chptr 5 Cyanogen Agents (Blood Agents)
		Cyanogen chlorides pungent, biting odour is marked by its irritating lachrymatory properties.
		Cyanogen chloride injures the respiratory tract, resulting in severe inflammatory changes in the bronchioles and congestion and oedema in the lungs.
		Cyanogen halide poisoning should be treated in the same way as hydrogen cyanide poisoning as regards its cyanide-like effects.
	www.fas.org /nuke/guide/usa/doctrine/dod/fm8-9/3ch5.htm (1827 words)

	Blood Agent: CK
		Cyanogen chloride is nonpersistent, and decontamination may be accomplished by allowing sufficient time for the agent to evaporate while monitoring vapor concentrations and restricting access to avoid producing a hazardous situation.
		Cyanogen chloride is a moderately important industrial chemical, with uses in synthesis, including the synthesis of herbicides, ore refining, and as a metal cleaner.
		Vitrite consisted of 70% cyanogen chloride with 30% arsenic trichloride, with the arsenic trichloride serving as a stabilizer to prevent the formation of the trimer.
	www.cbwinfo.com /Chemical/Blood/CK.shtml (1555 words)

	how to destroy cyanide (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		The hazard from the toxic cyanogen chloride intermediate in the oxidation process is thereby reduced.
		Cyanogen chloride, a poisonous gas, is an intermediate in the oxidation of cyanide ion with hypochlorite ion.
		Fortunately cyanogen chloride and hydrogen cyanide are soluble in water and little of these gases escape from the solution.
	shorinternational.com /cyanodestruct.htm (2154 words)

	Cyanogen - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The two cyano groups are bonded together at their carbon atoms: N≡C−C≡N. The word “cyanogen” may refer to a single cyano group in some molecules that are considered derivatives of cyanogen.
		Cyanogen chloride (NCCl), for example, is considered (for the purposes of naming) to be cyanogen with one cyano group replaced with a chlorine atom.
		Cyanogen, at room temperature, is a colorless gas with a pungent odor.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cyanogen (359 words)

	[No title]
		Cyanogen chloride Is used as a replacement for cyanogen bromide.
		In this method, the cyanogen chloride is produced on-line from the reaction of potassium cyanide with chloramine-T. Thus, the need to handle a potentially hazardous chemical As eliminated.
		However, cyanogen chloride is produced from the reaction of potassium thiocyanate and sodium hypochlorite rather than potassium cyanide and chloramine-T. The feasibility of adopting the thlocyanate/ hypochlorite reaction as part of method described in this report will be investigated.
	www.library.ucsf.edu /tobacco/batco/OCR/5700/5751.txt (1362 words)

	Glossary: Cyanogen chloride (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.unc.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		Cyanogen Chloride is formed as a water disinfectant byproduct when chlorine is used to oxidize water impurities such as cyanide.
		In the past, cyanogen chloride has been used as a chemical weapon (because it is a blood agent and it can stop the normal utilization of oxygen in the body) and as a pesticide.
		Cyanogen chloride is still found in some workplaces where it is manufactured.
	www.greenfacts.org.cob-web.org:8888 /glossary/abc/cyanogen-chloride.htm (114 words)

	Blood Agents (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		Cyanogen chloride, like hydrogen cyanide, is a colorless, highly volatile, soluble in water, and non persistent agent.
		The protection and decontamination of cyanogen halides are similar to those of hydrogen cyanide except that mask filters are not as effective against cyanogen halides because they do not readily bond to the metal salts present in the masks.
		The treatment of cyanogen halide poisoning should be the same way as hydrogen cyanide poisoning and because of the irritant nature of the cyanogen halides, treatment should also involve those measures taken in phosgene exposure.
	www.geocities.com /CapeCanaveral/Lab/4239/chemweapons/blood.html (1118 words)

	D4165-00 Standard Test Method for Cyanogen Chloride in Water
		Cyanogen chloride is normally present only at very low concentrations; it is a very labile and sparsely soluble gaseous compound.
		Water samples may contain cyanogen chloride after the chlorination of waste waters containing cyanide or thiocyanate compounds.
		A quick test using a spot plate or comparator as soon as the sample is collected may be the best test, reducing the loss of cyanogen chloride during the time lapse between sampling and analysis.
	www.astm.org /DATABASE.CART/HISTORICAL/D4165-00.htm (260 words)

	Cyanogen bromide (CASRN 506-68-3), IRIS, Environmental Protection Agency
		Decreased protein efficiency ratio was produced by dietary cyanide treatment of rats during gestation, lactation and postweaning growth phase in the Tewe and Maner (1981) experiment; the dose level of cyanide (10.6 mg/kg/day) producing that effect is slightly lower than the currently accepted NOAEL of 10.8 mg/kg/day.
		Although the toxicity of cyanogen bromide appears to be related to the release of cyanide in chronic exposure to low levels of cyanogen bromide (Hartung, 1982), the toxicity of undissociated cyanogen bromide has not been evaluated.
		For example, cyanogen chloride is one order of magnitude less toxic (lethal dose, 20 mg/kg) than sodium cyanide (lethal dose, 2.2 mg/kg) when administered to rabbits subcutaneously (ACGIH, 1986).
	www.epa.gov /iris/subst/0358.htm (1185 words)

	CDC \| Cyanogen Chloride Emergency Response Card (NIOSH) - ERC506-77-4 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		Cyanogen Chloride has properties similar to riot control agents and it can cause irritation of the eyes, nose, and airways resulting in lacrimation (tearing), rhinorrhea (runny nose), and increased fluid production in the lungs.
		Cyanogen Chloride is readily absorbed through intact skin causing systemic effects without irritant effects on the skin.
		CYANOGEN CHLORIDE (ERC506-77-4) The user should verify compliance of the cards with the relevant STATE or TERRITORY legislation before use.
	www.bt.cdc.gov /agent/cyanide/erc506-77-4.asp (617 words)

	FindHealthNews : News, Reviews and Articles On Cyanogen Chloride (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.unc.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		The Army also dumped seven tons of 1,000-pound hydrogen cyanide bombs, 461 tons of 1,000-pound cyanogen chloride bombs, 28 tons of 500-pound cyanogen chloride bombs, 800 tons of 114-pound mustard bombs, 510 tons of 4.
		The Army later said it identified at least two locations where 2,600 tons of mustard, cyanogen chloride, hydrogen cyanide and lewisite were dumped off Oahu between 1944 and 1946.
		A year later, off of Waianae, the Army dumped seven tons of 1,000-pound hydrogen cyanide bombs, 461 tons of 1,000-pound cyanogen chloride bombs, 28 tons of 500-pound cyanogen chloride bombs, 800 tons of 114-pound mustard bombs, 510 tons of 4.
	www.findhealthnews.com.cob-web.org:8888 /files/Cyanogen_Chloride.html (329 words)

	The Health, Safety and Environment Office (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		Acetic Anhydride, Acrylaldehyde, Ammonia, Bromine, Chlorine,Formaldehyde, Hydrogen Chloride, Hydrogen Bromide, Nitrogen Dioxide (Nitrous Fumes), Phosgene, Phosphoryl Chloride, Sulphur Dioxide, Sulphur Trioxide
		Acetylene, Chloroethane (Ethyl Chloride), Dichloromethane (Methylene Chloride), Cyclopropane, Ethylene, Naptha (Petroleum and Coal Tar), Nitrous Oxide, Petroleum Fumes, Tetrachloroethylene (Perchloroethylene), Toluene, Trichloroethylene, Xylene
		Acetonitrile, Acrylonitrile, Cyanogen Bromide, Cyanogen Chloride, Hydrogen Cyanide, Lactonitrile, Methacrylonitrile
	www.sussex.ac.uk /Units/safety/cetc (617 words)

	Studies tap into drinking water quality
		In its gaseous form, cyanogen chloride is highly toxic.
		Though the toxicity of dissolved cyanogen chloride at levels present in drinking water is not known, it is thought by scientists to be potentially harmful.
		"Though cyanogen chloride is currently not regulated by the EPA, it is listed on the agency's priority list and is being looked at very closely to determine what levels, if any, are safe for consumption," Pedersen says.
	news.uns.purdue.edu /html4ever/1995/9508.MARGERUM.html (793 words)

	Cyanogen chloride Products - Cyanogen chloride Treatments (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		Formation of cyanogen chloride from amino acids and its stability with free chlorine and chloramine
		Cyanogen derivatives: Chloride, bromide, iodidde sulfide (Chemical warfare monographs)
		Reaction of Cyanogen Chloride and Hydrogen behind reflected shock waves
	goldbamboo.com /offer-t1978.html (192 words)

	Cyanide definition - Medical Dictionary definitions of popular medical terms (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		Cyanide: Poisoning with cyanide, a rapidly acting, potentially deadly chemical that can exist as a colorless gas, such as hydrogen cyanide (HCN) or cyanogen chloride (CNCl), or a crystal form such as sodium cyanide (NaCN) or potassium cyanide (KCN).
		Cyanide sometimes is described as having a "bitter almond" smell, but it does not always give off an odor, and not everyone can detect this odor.
		Cyanide is also known by the military designations AN (for hydrogen cyanide) and CK (for cyanogen chloride).
	www.medterms.com /script/main/art.asp?articlekey=23451 (773 words)

	Chromium Chloride, Chromium Chloride Manufacturers Suppliers Exporters of Chromium Chloride (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		Manufacturer and supplier of activated bleaching earth, aluminium chloride, barium sulphate, basic chromium sulphate, caustic soda flakes, caustic soda solid, chlorinated paraffin wax, chlorinated paraffin wax and chlorosulfonic acid.
		Exporter of pharmaceutical chemical and solvents such as vinyl acetate monomer, methanol, benzoyl chloride, caustic potash flakes, resorcinol, 4 hydroxy benzaldehyde, isatin, magaldrate, aluminium hydroxide gel, chromium picolinate.
		Suppliers of chemicals like chromium acetate, chromium chloride, chromium nitrate, chromium formate, chromium fluoride, tungstic acid, sodium tungstate, pvc stabilizer, epoxidise soyabean oil, cobalt sulphate, cobalt chloride, manganese acetate etc.
	www.indianchemicalportal.com /chromium-chloride.html (374 words)

	CDC \| Facts About Cyanide (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.unc.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		Cyanide is a rapidly acting, potentially deadly chemical that can exist in various forms.
		Cyanide can be a colorless gas, such as hydrogen cyanide (HCN) or cyanogen chloride (CNCl), or a crystal form such as sodium cyanide (NaCN) or potassium cyanide (KCN).
		Cyanide is also known by the military designations AC (for hydrogen cyanide) and CK (for cyanogen chloride).
	www.bt.cdc.gov.cob-web.org:8888 /agent/cyanide/basics/facts.asp (1269 words)

	eMedicine - CBRNE - Cyanides, Cyanogen Chloride : Article Excerpt by: Heather Murphy-Lavoie, MD, FAAEM (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		Please click here to view the full topic text: CBRNE - Cyanides, Cyanogen Chloride
		Background: Cyanogen chloride (North Atlantic Treaty Organization [NATO] designation CK) is one of two volatile cyanide military chemical warfare agents.
		Mortality/Morbidity: In high concentrations, which can be obtained in enclosed spaces, CK is a rapidly acting lethal agent causing death within 6-8 minutes.
	www.emedicine.com /emerg/byname/cbrne---cyanides-cyanogen-chloride.htm (475 words)

	Cyanogen chloride Registration
		Cyanogen chloride - Registration, import consent and bans
		Note: See Working with the Information on this Page section below for important notes about this data.
		For detailed chemical information see the chemical detail page.
	www.pesticideinfo.org /Detail_ChemReg.jsp?Rec_Id=PC36580 (340 words)

	Cyanogen Chloride, Cyanogen Chloride Manufacturers Suppliers Exporters of Cyanogen Chloride
		Cyanogen Chloride, Cyanogen Chloride Manufacturers Suppliers Exporters of Cyanogen Chloride
		A complete chemical marketplace giving an insight into the Indian Chemical Industry with the latest in Trade Offers, EXIM Policies, Events, Organisations and lots more...
		Exporters and buying agents of a wide range of speciality chemicals, industrial chemicals, bulk drugs and pharmaceutical intermediates.
	www.indianchemicalportal.com /cyanogen-chloride.html (106 words)

	eMedicine - CBRNE - Cyanides, Cyanogen Chloride : Article by Heather Murphy-Lavoie, MD, FAAEM (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		Zheng A, Dzombak DA, Luthy RG: Formation of free cyanide and cyanogen chloride from chloramination of publicly owned treatment works secondary effluent: laboratory study with model compounds.
		Medicine is a constantly changing science and not all therapies are clearly established.
		In particular, all drug doses, indications, and contraindications should be confirmed in the package insert.
	www.emedicine.com /emerg/topic910.htm (2898 words)

	Chemical Toxicity Studies for Cyanogen chloride on All Organism Groups Chemical Toxicity Studies
		Chemical Toxicity Studies for Cyanogen chloride on All Organism Groups Chemical Toxicity Studies
		Home > Chemical Search > Cyanogen chloride Information
		Toxicity Studies for Cyanogen chloride on All Organism Groups - Toxicology studies from the primary scientific literature on aquatic organisms
	www.pesticideinfo.org /List_AquireAll.jsp?Rec_Id=PC36580 (130 words)

	TL2 Gas: Air Gas Cyanogen Chloride and Hydrogen Cyanide, Air Gas Cylinder (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.unc.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		TL2 Gas: Air Gas Cyanogen Chloride and Hydrogen Cyanide, Air Gas Cylinder (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.unc.edu)
		for all your Air Gas needs including cyanogen chloride and hydrogen cyanide.
		Only Manufacturer of Cyanogen Chloride in the United States
	www.tl2gases.com.cob-web.org:8888 /index.html (119 words)

	MatWeb Engineering Materials List
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		Ammonium Tetrachloroplatinate (II), NH Ammonium Tetrachlorozincate, NH Ammonium Tetrathiotungstate, NH Ammonium Thiocyanate, NH Ammonium Thiosulfate, NH Ammonium Titanium Oxalate Monohydrate, NH Ammonium Uranate (VI), NH Ammonium Valerate, NH Ammonium Zirconyl Carbonate Dihydrate, NH Stibine, SbH
		Antimony (III) Sulfate, Sb Antimony (V) Chloride, Sb Cl
	www.matweb.com /search/GetAllMatls.asp?p=8 (670 words)

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