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	Cyborg - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A cyborg is a cybernetic organism, that is an organism which adds to or enhances its abilities by using technology.
		Fictional cyborgs are frequently portrayed with a fine granularity mixture of organic and mechanical (synthetic) parts, such as the Borg in the Star Trek franchise.
		Generally, the term "cyborg" is used to refer to a man or woman with bionic, or robotic, implants.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cyborg (1288 words)

	Presenting the Cyborg's Futurist Past (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The passage creates a troubling obstacle for theories of the cyborg which attempt to establish a connection between the disappearance of the techno/organic boundary and the disappearance of gender.
		For discussions of the cyborg, the most important of these is the distinction between organism and machine which she says is now "thoroughly ambiguous" (152).
		Likewise, when Haraway states that "the cyborg is a creature in a postgender world" (150), she acknowledges the fragmentation of gender as a binary structure, as well.
	project.cyberpunk.ru /idb/cyborg_futurist_past.html (4063 words)

	Haraway_CyborgManifesto.html
		Earlier I suggested that 'women of colour' might be understood as a cyborg idendty, a potent subjecdvity synthesized from fusions of outsider identities and in the complex political-historical layerings of her 'biomythography', Zami (Lorde, 1982; King, 1987a, 1987b).
		Cyborg writing is about the power to survive, not on the basis of original innocence, but on the basis of seizing the tools to mark the world that marked them as other.
		Cyborg politics is the struggle for language and the struggle against perfect communication, against the one code that translates all meaning perfectly, the central dogma of phallogocentrism.
	www.stanford.edu /dept/HPS/Haraway/CyborgManifesto.html (12077 words)

	Cyberpunks.Org - Technology, Privacy, Security, and the Future
		And her work inspired a number of critical essays that have come to be known recently as "cyborg anthropology." But I have found most of the papers written subsequent to her`s to be undisciplined, metaphorical applications of the cyborg concept in the interests of so called postmodern criticism.
		Cyborg consciousness is not now, nor will it ever be, a simple matter of "downloading" human consciousness out of a brain and into a machine.
		Cyborg augmentation may well increase the limits of maximal complexity of cognition of which the amalgamated brain-machine system may be capable.
	www.cyberpunks.org /display/472/article (2400 words)

	Horror Diva - Fun, intelligent, thought provoking, and challenging examination of horror and the uncanny in film and ...
		According to Lacan’s ‘Mirror Stage’ theory, the individual’s identity is found when, as a child, he first recognizes his own reflection in a mirror, thus beginning the process whereby he identifies with the father and rejects the mother (reducing her to the realm of ‘Other’).
		Once the cyborg is established with Maria’s hyper-sexualized identity, she is framed by the camera for the purpose to be looked upon (for example, the scene at Yoshiwaras).
		The cyborg’s confrontation would seem, on one hand, to be of a lesser effect than if a clearly female character were to initiate the confronting gaze.
	www.horrordiva.com /new/essays/metropolis.php (1390 words)

	Cyborg theory - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Cyborg theory was created by Donna Haraway in order to criticise traditional notions of feminism -- particularly its strong emphasis on identity, rather than affinity.
		She uses the metaphor of a cyborg in order to construct a postmodern feminism that moves beyond dualisms and moves beyond the limitations of traditional gender, feminism, and politics.
		The concept of the cyborg is a rejection of rigid boundaries, notably those separating "human" from "animal" and "human" from "machine." Cyborg theory thus asserts that technology, as the artifacts of cultural evolution, merely comprise material extensions of the material human body.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cyborg_theory (421 words)

	Cyborg Resources
		Cyborg Manifesto or the Joy of Artifice Cyborg Manifesto, or The Joy of Artifice is a group exhibition that explores the interrelationship between technology, nature, and culture.
		In this exhibit, the cyborg, a hybrid of machine and organism, is used as a metaphor for navigating the boundaries between fact and fiction.
		The Cyborg Known as You Recently, a Florida family agreed to have tiny, scannable ID chips implanted under their skin.
	transcriptions.english.ucsb.edu /research/topics/cyborg (839 words)

	XENA: WARRIOR PRINCESS THROUGH THE LENSES OF FEMINISM (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		General psychoanalytic theory argues that woman does not have a desire of her own, because she lacks Lacan's phallus, which is the symbol of power.
		[21] Cyborg theory is concerned with the way in which technology and society interact and in the ways that women can use that technology to liberate themselves from the fiction that society has enforced upon them by creating their own fiction.
		Cyborg writing is about the power to survive on the basis of seizing the tools to mark the world that marked them as the other.
	www.whoosh.org /issue10/meister2.html (3459 words)

	Donna Haraway - Professor of Feminist Theory and Technoscience - Biography
		Haraway likens "cyborg" to the political identity of "women of color," which "marks out a self-consciously constructed space that cannot affirm the capacity to act on the basis of natural identification, but only on the basis of conscious coalition, of affinity, of political kinship" (ibid).
		Haraway uses the metaphor of the cyborg to discuss the relationships of science, technology, and "socialist-feminism." She holds that hi-tech culture challenges and breaks down the old dualisms of Western thinking like the mind/body split, Self/Other, male/female, reality/appearance, and truth/illusion.
		Because she deals explicitly with the theory of the cyborg — the being who is part human and part machine — she has been particularly influential on cyberpunk writers.
	www.egs.edu /faculty/haraway.html (824 words)

	Finding the Cyborg - Blade Runner
		In “A Manifesto for Cyborgs,” Donna Haraway literally defines the cyborg as “a hybrid of machine and organism (p50).” Replicant bodies have no machine parts, and fall outside this first parameter.
		Haraway’s in depth descriptions of cyborgicity begin to match elements of the replicant condition, in particular the character of Pris.
		Their arrival in cyborg space coincides with an achievement of power, and an escape of their oppressive, objectified gender roles.
	girl_type.tripod.com /papers/bladerunner.html (2592 words)

	Engineering Cyborg Ideology by N. Katherine Hayles
		So it is with Cyborg, which moves with cursory speed (in the double sense of a moving cursor and of topics briefly treated) through speculations which ought to be profound but are finally simply unsettling, because they are so little grounded in the terra firma of historical specificity and technological practice.
		Greco's inquiry starts from the premise, articulated by Haraway, that the cyborg is a hybrid creature who has no particular reason to be faithful to the origin myths, patriarchal structures, or military funding that spawned her.
		It uses the technological component of the cyborg to reintroduce physicality into the body's construction, arguing that the body must be understood technologically and biologically as well as discursively.
	www.altx.com /ebr/hayles.htm (940 words)

	Amazon.de: The Cyborg Handbook: English Books: Heidi J. Figueroa-Sarriera (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The Cyborg - short for cybernetic organism - is an entity that is part human and part machine.
		The Cyborg Handbook is an initial look at cyborg society and at the range of cyborg technologies, from the restorative and normalizing to the reconfiguring, and enhancing.
		The problems of natural/artificial dualisms encountered by cyborgs are similar to those which plague activists and theorists in the long historical battles against racism. Lesen Sie die erste Seite
	www.amazon.de /Cyborg-Handbook-Heidi-J-Figueroa-Sarriera/dp/0415908493 (649 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Clynes defined Cybernetic organisms (also known as "cyborgs", "borgs", and somewhat as "posthumans") by way of a synergy between human and machine such that operation of the machine does not require conscious thought or effort on the part of the human.
		HI is defined as intelligence that arises from the human being (being) in the feedback loop of a computational process in which the human and computer are inextricably intertwined.
		Early cyborg communities of the late 1970s and early 1980s were constructed to explore the creation of visual art within a computer mediated reality.
	wearcam.org /glogs.htm (1172 words)

	Wikinfo \| Cyborg
		The term cyborg, a portmanteau of cybernetic organism, is used to designate a creature which is a mixture of organic and mechanical parts.
		In a typical example, a human fitted with a heart pacemaker might be considered a cyborg, since s/he is incapable of surviving without the mechanical part.
		This line of thought is known as cyborg theory.
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=Cyborg (409 words)

	Electronic Consciousness
		Haraway on the Cyborg: A cyborg is a cybernetic mechanism, a hybrid of machine and organism, a creature of social reality as well as a creature of fiction.
		A cyborg body is not innocent; it was not born in a garden; it does not seek unitary identity and so generate antagonistic dualisms without end (or until the world ends); it takes irony for granted.
		Donna Haraway, whose intriguing "Cyborg Manifesto" has been cited extensively in literature on the future of gender construction, also focuses on technologies that provide for the physical recreation of the body rather than the virtual creation that text-based CMC technology addresses.
	www.erraticimpact.com /~21stcentury/html/cyborg_consciousness.htm (1046 words)

	Cyborg
		Cyborg theory intersects and merges with theories of embodiment by proposing new definitions of human.
		The difficulty with all of this is that the abstractness of the relation of molecular biology and informatics to some notion of "the body" has become so tenuous that one is tempted to suggest the disappearance of that cultural-material construct the body in the face of these developing technosciences.
		Informatics introduces another permutation in the theories of embodied text, by discovering in medical records a new embodied representation of the human.
	rhizome.org /artbase/22272/localweb/c2text.htm (327 words)

	THE ETHICS OF THE CYBORG
		Sociobiological theories seeking to explain human behavior in evolutionary, hereditary terms began to reappear in the 1970s, but eugenics remained a taboo topic until the discover of recombinant DNA splicing techniques in that same decade.
		One recent theory that has been bantered about lately is that the human race may have reached the saturation point for economic growth, but this is fortunate since it has arrived in time for it to work on 'human growth,' i.e.
		For Haraway, the cyborg is one way of the human race finally freeing itself from the culture/nature split/trap in which we have found ourselves.
	www.fiu.edu /~mizrachs/cyborg-ethics.html (3623 words)

	thirdspace 3/2 - Sherman: Tracing the Carnival Spirit in Buffy the Vampire Slayer
		In "A Cyborg Manifesto: Science, Technology, and Socialist-Feminism in the Late Twentieth Century" Donna Haraway creates the myth of the "ironic" and "blasphemous" (Haraway 149) cyborg, a creature that is both human and machine, a being who embraces partial perspectives, lived contradiction, and kinship with machines and animals (Haraway 154).
		The "inappropriate other" is at the heart of my discussion of the grotesque, and each theory provides a way to think through the implications of the "inappropriate other." Buffy resonates with the mestiza, the queer, the cyborg, and aspects of Bakhtin's grotesque, but she herself refuses the matrix of the morbid maternal.
		Buffy herself is unlike a cyborg in that she pursues heterosexual love and romance (Buffy chooses to save Angel in the Season 3 finale despite the impending end of Sunnydale) as well as the protection of family against the call to duty (she refuses to kill her sister Dawn, despite pragmatic arguments to the contrary).
	www.thirdspace.ca /articles/3_2_sherman.htm (9112 words)

	Amazon.com: Cyborg Citizen: Politics in the Posthuman Age: Books: Chris Habl Gray (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Cyborg Citizen is an accessible, comprehensive, and intelligent guide to the complexities of citizenship in the posthuman world.
		Written in the personal, post-modern style, down to earth, and occasionally profound, Cyborg Citizen is an instructive meditation on the interpenetration of the machine and the human, the machine and the non-human, the human and the non-human.
		He defines a cyborg as "a self-regulating organism that combines the natural and artificial into one system," and takes that as far as it can possibly go, calling unborn fetuses cyborgs if they are viewed by ultrasound, and the average citizen a cyborg for having immunizations.
	www.amazon.com /Cyborg-Citizen-Politics-Posthuman-Age/dp/0415919797 (2290 words)

	SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		My hope is, therefore, that by studying the cyborg aspects of the WWII regime one can get some kind of new and significant purchase on who we are, how we got to be that way, and what the world is like that we live in.
		The pre-eminent cyborg device to emerge from the war was the electronic computer, beginning with the ENIAC which became operational in 1945 and was built to compute ballistics tables for guns.
		And Forrester’s models were themselves wonderful exemplifications of cyborg science: they represented the entire planet as a cyborg machine, in which the coupling of natural resources and human populations and activities was conceptualised in terms of a multiplicity of feedback loops from one to the other.
	www2.uiuc.edu /unit/STIM/WW2R.html (4395 words)

	p e t e r . z a c k a r i a s s o n
		By applying a cyborg leadership perspective on the material constructed from these observations I first decontextualise the context, and later construct narratives from the actors, events, and translations lifted from the context.
		Cyborg leadership has the ability to highlight the inseparability of the human and technical, no situation is only social, just as no situation is only technical.
		Cyborg leadership has also the capability of perceiving leadership as a process in its true sense, thus remove the leader from a position of ontological prerogative.
	www.zackariasson.com /cl.htm (395 words)

	Cyborg
		The term cyborg, a portmanteau of cybernetic organism, is used to designate an organism which is a mixture of organic and mechanical (synthetic) parts.
		She demonstrates how the desire to separate these two aspects of the world is becoming increasingly difficult and attempts to utilise this confusion of borders in order to create new ways of acting politically.
		The term fyborg (a portmanteau of "functional" and "cyborg") was coined by Alexander Chislenko to differentiate between the cyborgs of science fiction and the everyday ways humans extend themselves using technologies such as contact lenses, hearing aids, and mobile phones.
	www.sfcrowsnest.com /scifinder/a/Cyborg.php (1351 words)

	cyborgblog
		Another interesting instance of the unity of organisms and machines; here, biological parts that have been machines for eons can now be manipulated by humans to build extremely small machines.
		Possible topics include cyborg theory; new fan species; animalism and animalization; undead and the occult; speed and distance; phenomenologies and ontologies, etc. For more information, see the full Call for Papers.
		Cyborg Democracy: "a nexus for techno-progressives, transmitting a sexy, high-tech vision of a radically democratic future"
	headlesschicken.ca /cyborgblog (2115 words)

	The Matrix Cyborg Theory - The Superhero Hype! Boards
		Cyborg Theory: Humans bred by the machines to be batteries could be altered by the machines.
		Neo, Thrinity, and Morpheus were all cyborgs, part human part machine, and thus controlled by the machines even while out of the matrix.
		Neo was wired to become the one while he was a battery by the machines for the purpose explained in the next paragraph.
	www.superherohype.com /forums/showthread.php?t=84398 (1659 words)

	My Father, the Cyborg \| MetaFilter
		February 13, 2003 5:18 AM The Soul of a New Machine is the title of an article in the Chronicle of Higher Education about the recent proliferation of cyborgs in the humanities.
		Growing outside of science, and inspired by science fiction, cyborgs have invaded economics, anthropology, and even philosophy.
		In fact, NASA's Cyborg Program was based on the research of Manfred Clynes and Nathan Kline.
	www.metafilter.com /mefi/23524 (720 words)

	What is a cyborg?
		Well, the easiest (and more tangible) response is that "cyborg" is short for cybernetic organism, or what cyborg theorists Gray, Mentor, and Figueroa-Sarriera (1995) call “the melding of the organic and the mechanic, or the engineering of a union between separate organic systems” (p.
		The intersection between cyborg theory and sport studies, while not yet fully developed, raises important questions related to practices like "body policing" in elite sport, as well as ethical questions related to the frightening prospect (or for some a foregone conclusion) of genetically altered athletes.
		Regardless of one's position, reconceptualizing "human" athletes as always and already cyborgs may render labels such as "natural" and artificial" inconsequential, and allow athletes, spectators, and scholars alike to begin sorting through the much more complex, politicized and uncertain terrain of the inumerable forms and ways of being cyborg in contemporary technocultures.
	www.sjsu.edu /faculty/butryn/whatisa.htm (737 words)

	HY3005 Cyborg Theory (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		To introduce students to the concepts of the cyborg and posthuman in contemporary theoretical debates (A2).
		To introduce students to a range of textual representations of the cyborg and cultural practices that are informed by cyborg culture (A2).
		Be familiar with the representation of cyborgs in a range of texts and cultural practices (A2).
	intranet.londonmet.ac.uk /prog-plan/module-catalogue/3/hy/hy3005.cfm (804 words)

	MS. GUIDANCE Cyborgs and other machinic adventures in space
		"a crew system is, in effect, a social cyborg, a living system consisting of multiple individuals whose capabilities are extended by advanced technology.
		Critique on mainstream perceptions of AIDS using D. Haraways concept of Cyborgs and cyborg-like networks.
		Another purpose of this article is to use writing as a way of exploring the social reality of cyborgs.
	www.t0.or.at /msguide/cyborg.htm (997 words)

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