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Topic: Cycle of fifths

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	The Cycle Of Fifths (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		It is this cyclical progression of notes, tones, or chords that is defined by and depicted in the "cycle of fifths".
		While it is often employed as a means for identifying key signatures, the primary function of the cycle of fifths is to explain the relationships between chords and the natural movement between them.
		Therefore, mastery of the dominant seventh chord and the cycle of fifths progression are vital to the education of the serious music student - no matter what area of music the student's primary interest may be in.
	home.earthlink.net /~bigears23/fifths.html (373 words)

	Circle of fifths - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In music theory, the circle of fifths is a model of pitch space and is the series encompassing all of the notes in the equally tempered chromatic scale.
		The circle of fifths, or fourths, may be mapped from the chromatic scale by multiplication, and vice versus.
		To map between the circle of fifths and the chromatic scale (in integer notation) multiply by 7 (M7), and for the circle of fourths multiply by 5 (M5).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Circle_of_fifths (592 words)

	Cycle - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Citric acid cycle, the Born Haber cycle or the Calvin cycle.
		A cycle and a Hamiltonian cycle in graph theory.
		A cycle is an element of a homology class.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cycle (347 words)

	Origin of The Key
		Notice the pattern: the 1 st fifth is 2x (2/3) 1, the 2 nd fifth is 2x (2/3) 2 and the 3 rd fifth is 2x (2/3) 3.
		For example, because F, the 11 th fifth, is in the seventh octave its string length, (2/3) 11, must be multiplied by 2 7 in order to find the string length of the note F in the first octave.
		For example, because G, the 11 th fourth, is in the fifth octave (when counting using octave #1 as the base octave), its string length, (3/4) 11, must be multiplied by 2 5 in order to find the string length of the note G in the first octave.
	www.hornbyisland.com /MusiCircle/origin.htm (6074 words)

	On the Cycle of 5ths & 'The 7-Note Solution' Why Are So Many Music Scales Found Only 7 Notes Long?
		Later, as the ability to make a cycle of 5ths was discovered, the cycle came to be a tool by which one could quickly and accurately tune the pre-existing and long traditional scale(s).
		Thus the math of the cycle of 5ths is irrelevant to the issue of the origin of music.
		Thus the cycle of fifths could not have played any role in the creation of acoustic-like pentatonic or diatonic scales among the recently found prehistoric examples of these scales -- and more and more of these are being found in archaeological activity as time goes by.
	www.greenwych.ca /cycl-5-2.htm (4431 words)

	Hubert Howe: notes to compositions
		The last variation is similar to the fifth without the glissandos: each note simply fades in and sustains for a different duration, so that the effect is a changing mosaic of chords.
		The shape of this function is a rise over the first 3/16ths of a cycle, a sustain for the same duration and a decay for the rest of the cycle.
		Each of the tones enters in the same rhythm as the notes in the complete passage, the only differences being that the sequence is transposed to the level of the pitch in the score, and all of the partials take place within the time-span of the duration of the note.
	qcpages.qc.cuny.edu /~howe/notes.html (9779 words)

	An Introduction to Music Theory Part One
		It is good practice to write out all twelve keys using the cycle of fifths, as this will help familiarize you with all the 12 keys and the chords contained in them.
		Moving through the cycle from C, it can be seen that we increase the number of sharps successively until we reach 5 in the keys of B, F# and C# and then the number decreases again.
		If we consider that the cycle of fifths moves us clockwise, then the cycle of fourths can be considered to move us anti-clockwise.
	gospelmusic.org.uk /resources/music_theory_intro01.htm (1280 words)

	TonalityGUIDE: DefinitionBANK (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		There is a close relationship between any two keys whose tonics are a perfect fifth apart (the page on fifth-related major keys looks at the example of D and A major).
		The easiest way to write all the flattened and sharpened notes of the chromatic scale in a series of perfect fifths is to start with the scale of C major organised as a series of perfect fifths.
		Be careful not to confuse the modulatory circle of fifths with the diatonic chains of fifths that stay in the same key.
	www.tonalityguide.com /definition.php?whichdefinition=defcircleof5ths (826 words)

	Tom Pankhurst's TonalityGUIDE (pilot project) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The chain of fifths is broken once you have used all the notes of the major scale: if you continued ascending in perfect fifths after the final B in the example above you would arrive on F#, which is not a note from the C major scale.
		This cycle of fifths, broken by the diminished fifth between the leading note and the subdominant is crucial to the way the tonal system works.
		Given the importance of notes related by fifth, it is interesting to note that the first interval in the harmonic series (after the first octave) is a fifth.
	www.tonalityguide.com /thchordmajorp3.php (302 words)

	Carnatica.com's Sangeeta Charcha - Discussion on various musical aspects by experts
		As the fifths relationship is characterized by the frequency ratio 3/2, we can derive numerical ratios for the relative value of each note in the octave as a geometric series with characteristic ratio 3/2.
		Note that the cycle of fourths derives the notes in the reverse order as compared to that derived by the cycle of fifths, but gives different values for each note as compared to the cycle of fifths.
		Therefore, the 12 values within one octave, as derived in the cycle of fifths, may be paired up preferentially, to give 7 notes in the octave.
	www.carnatica.net /sangeet/sangeetacharcha.htm (2164 words)

	Richard Lloyd - Matters: Solutions
		This cycle of fifths/fourths is a representation in musical terms of the Creation from the primordial unity towards number.
		All the open strings on guitar are named notes, but that hardly means that if you study the cycle of fourths you are leaving rock and roll behind, because the cycle is a circle of 12 notes.
		This mode is used a lot when one wishes to introduce a bit of the stature and dignity of the upper portion of the major scale to a minor mode.
	www.richardlloyd.com /lessons/studqa.htm (3762 words)

	Cycle - Open Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		A cycle is anything round, in the physical sense (e.g.
		The liquid air cycle engine and the expander cycle in spacecraft; and
		Biogeochemical cycles such as the water cycle and the Ozone-oxygen cycle (see list there).
	open-encyclopedia.com /Cycle (321 words)

	Archive Browser (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		From: letostak@netcom.com (Judy Letostak) Subject: Cycle of Fifths (lesson) Date: Tue, 27 Jun 1995 18:39:00 -0700 (PDT) Cycle of Fifths Judy Letostak letostak@netcom.com Someone reqested info on the cycle of fifths.
		I'm really not sure of it's purpose other than (what my teacher had me do with them) for exercises on learing my scales in all positions and being able to switch keys (all keys) when only using one position on the fretboard.
		This is really hard to do at first, find the root note for each chord and go from there, you can usually pick out scales by intervals.
	www.olga.net /resources/chord_docs/cycle_of_fifths.txt (507 words)

	Cycle Of Fifths
		Cycles of dominant fifths are fundamental to the harmonic development of many jazz tunes, either from the original changes, or from re-harmonizing, passing chords, and turnarounds.
		However, all other notes at the fret between strings 1 and 8 can be played since they are repetitions of notes an octave away, or extensions.
		The best way to develop the cycle of fifths changes on the C6 tuning is to follow the root.
	www.mightyfinemusic.com /Jeff/CycleOfFifths.htm (418 words)

	An Introduction to Music Theory Part One
		It is good practice to write out all twelve keys using the cycle of fifths, as this will help familiarize you with all the 12 keys and the chords contained in them.
		Moving through the cycle from C, it can be seen that we increase the number of sharps successively until we reach 5 in the keys of B, F# and C# and then the number decreases again.
		If we consider that the cycle of fifths moves us clockwise, then the cycle of fourths can be considered to move us anti-clockwise.
	www.gospelmusic.org.uk /resources/music_theory_intro01.htm (1280 words)

	Jazz Theory - Cycle of 5ths
		The strongest root movement is downwards by a perfect fifth (same as upwards by a fourth).
		Ex 3a: Cycle of fifths - starting at C go anti-clockwise in chart 1 to see the tonic notes of the key (outside the circle) and the number of sharps or flats in the key signature (inside the circle).
		Although the 3rd in a dominant 7th chord is a leading note and would normally resolve up a step, this chromatic descending line is often used as a feature of the cycle of fifths.
	www.petethomas.co.uk /jazz-cycle-of-5ths.html (431 words)

	Scattered Remnants ~[Modes]
		Continuing this cycle of fifths until the seventh pitch is reached will result in a modern scale — depending on its organization, the scale will be either major (abbreviated as M) or natural minor (m).
		The aforementioned cycle will result in either E major or C# minor: E F# G# A B C# D# E. The relationship between major and minor scales sharing common notes is that of a minor 3rd interval.
		The dominant note, or the fifth note of the mode, became more prevalent in the performed music as well (the first and third C-notes are used in place of the B, which, due to its tritone implications, was avoided in music).
	www22.brinkster.com /mercury6/prose/mus101.html (2202 words)

	Streaming Video Workshop guitarlessons: Thomas Winther Andersen
		The major triads in root position through the cycle of fifths starting at C Playing a triad as a melody is also called arpeggio or broken chords The order, that the notes are executed is called patterns.
		The major triad in second inversion through the same cycle of fifths The melodic pattern is a bit different to avoid note repetition when moving to the next triad in the circle.
		The minor triad in root position through the cycle of fifths The same pattern is used as with the major triads.
	www.gitaarnet.nl /magazine/workshops/twa/twa-exercises.php3 (553 words)

	Chadron State College - B.S. Education Music Minor
		Most texts call this the Cycle of Fifths, however, jazz educators use the Cycle of Fourths because it also helps students understand common chord progressions.
		Your first assignment is to memorize the cycle of fourths (each of the notes is a 4th, i.e., whole-whole-half apart).
		Notice that when you have memorized the cycle of fourths that you have memorized the flats key names and the order which flats are added.
	www.csc.edu /music/faculty/schaefer/theory_cycle_4ths.htm (631 words)

	Treatise on Tuning
		The note that is produced is one octave and a perfect fifth higher than the fundamental.
		This means that the ratio of the frequencies of the first and second harmonics is 3x/2x, or 3/2, or that a note is a perfect fifth higher than another note if the frequency of the second note is 1.5 times the frequency of the first note.
		The ones that are a fifth away will resonate less loudly, a fourth away, less loudly etc. This phenomena is present will all period resonance.
	www.baritoneconsulting.com /public_html/tuning.html (1228 words)

	Guitar Lessons: Circle Progressions...
		Below is the circle of fifths (also referred to as cycle of fifths, chords, or keys) that shows the most logical, natural movement of one chord to another in Western music.
		The circle of fifths can be used to create chord progressions by starting with any chord on the circle and moving in either direction using as many or as few consecutive chord roots as you like to produce a new chord sequence.
		The Cherokee cycle travels counterclockwise from "Eb" to "G." This sequence was used to create the sixteen-bar B section progression to Ray Nobles’ 1938 bebop standard Cherokee.
	www.guitartricks.com /trick.php?trick_id=6234 (3241 words)

	LE SEMANTIC - ANNEXE I
		Each note is given its ratio (both in fractional form and as related to the power of 2, 3 and 5), as well as the Alain Daniélou's description of the character of the interval separating the given note from the tonic.
		2) Intervals of the cycle of fifths (3 as the numerator)
		3) Intervals of the cycle of fourths (3 as the denominator)
	www.alaindanielou.org /anglais/semantic/annexe1.htm (104 words)

	The Circle Of Fifths: Music Theory For Dummies \| Lessons @ Ultimate-Guitar.Com
		The place where music theory and more specifically knowledge of the Circle of Fifths can help you as a guitarist is when you get stuck trying to write a song or stuck trying to figure a song out by ear.
		The Circle of Fifths is to music as the periodic table of elements is to chemistry.
		This means when you are moving, chromatically, a fourth (instead of a fifth), however a fourth is the intervallic inversion of a fifth, meaning that you are moving, intervallically, 'down' a fifth, instead of up a fifth.
	www.ultimate-guitar.com /lessons/the_basics/the_circle_of_fifths_music_theory_for_dummies.html (3992 words)

	The Rough Guide to Harmony - Part Six
		A movement from the V chord to the I chord can be thought of as a movement of either a perfect fifth downwards, or a perfect fourth upwards, so this sequence is known as the cycle of fourths or the cycle of fifths.
		The chords follow the cycle of fifths, starting from E: EADGCF but then they jump to B, which resolves back to E. If the writer had carried on going round the cycle of fifths, the next chord would have been Bb.
		Songs written using the cycle of fifths do not usually go all the way through all twelve keys, but jump out at some point in order to resolve to the tonic key by a more direct route.
	homepage.ntlworld.com /guy.snape/harmony/partseven.html (724 words)

	MONOCHORD, Fifths (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Replace the movable fret to the lower monochord, tune it to the fifth above (ca G below middle C).
		Replace the movable fret to the upper monochord, tune it to some random pitch (not too high), tune the lower string to an fifth above.
		Repeat with upper string at the fifth to determine the pythagorean full tone.
	www.visual-euclid.org /music/monochord/fifths.html (87 words)

	Math Forum - Ask Dr. Math (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		G is a perfect fifth above C at 384 Hz, F is a perfect fifth below C at 170 2/3 Hz, E is a major third above C at 320 Hz, and Ab (A flat) is a major third below C at 204 4/5 Hz.
		Resolving these "commas" so that octaves remain octaves meant slight compromises to the fifths (since the ~24 "cents" of the ditonic comma was for the whole Circle of Fifths - Even Temperament, for instance, subtracts about two cents [~24/12] from each fifth to bring all the octaves into tune) and more substantial compromises to thirds.
		But his "Cycle of Fifths" included one interval from A# to F, which is not a fifth at all; it is a diminished minor sixth or something like that.
	mathforum.org /library/drmath/view/52470.html (2965 words)

	Guitar Lessons - Wolfman's School of Music - Guitar Lessons! Guitar Lessons! Guitar Lessons!
		The CYCLE OF FIFTHS is a series of keys - each new key is 5 tones away from the previous key.
		The CYCLE OF FOURTHS is another series of keys – each new key is 4 tones away from the previous key.
		This diagram shows the relationship between the cycle of fifths and the cycle of fourths.
	www.wolfmans.com /lessons/personal_lesson5.php (649 words)

	Review/Music; Cycle With Origins in India - New York Times
		On Saturday evening at La Mama Galleria in the East Village, Elodie Lauten presented her "Gaia Cycle." The circle is the music's operative design.
		For just as the traditional cycle of fifths once circumnavigated the world of sharps and flats, Ms.
		Lauten has presented a cycle of 12 keys whose fundamental origin is the tonic note of Indian music (our low C-sharp at 136 cycles per second, not the concert hall's A = 440).
	query.nytimes.com /gst/fullpage.html?res=9F0CE4D8123EF934A25751C1A965958260 (180 words)

	Derivation of the 22 Srutis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The cycle of fourths and the cycle of fifths are based on two key
		Thus the cycle of fourths is not independent of the cycle
		intervals and the relationship is that of the fifths.
	www.carnaticcorner.com /articles/22_srutis.htm (4186 words)

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