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Topic: Cyclopentane

Related Topics

Cyclopropane

Cyclobutane

Cycloalkane

Cyclohexane

Alkyl

Aromatic hydrocarbon

Alkene

Alkyne

Glycerine

Hygroscopic

	CYCLOPENTANAMINE (AMINOCYCLOPENTANE)
		Cyclopentane is the five-membered alicyclic hydrocarbon consisting of five carbon atoms linked to each other to form a ring, with each carbon atom bearing two hydrogen atoms, C5H10; melting point -94 C and boiling point 49 C. A cyclic compound is an organic compound that contains one or more closed rings of carbon atoms.
		Cyclopentane is used as a solvent, oil extractant, paint and varnish remover, dry cleaning material, and in solid fuels.
		Cyclopentane derivatives can be used for the synthesis of fungicides, pharmaceuticals, dyes, herbicides, plant growth regulator, plasticizers, rubber chemicals, cycloamines and other organic compounds.
	www.chemicalland21.com /lifescience/phar/CYCLOPENTANAMINE.htm (849 words)

	Toxicologic Review of Selected Chemicals - 294 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		No major animal studies on the effects of cyclopentane exposure have been reported, and evaluations of the toxic properties of this substance have therefore relied on the animal data for n-pentane.
		It has not been determined whether the irritation was caused by cyclopentane or by cyclopentane and other substances, such as n-hexane, in the solvent.
		OSHA concludes that occupational exposure to cyclopentane poses a significant risk of irritation and narcosis, which constitute material impairments of health that occur at levels somewhat above the PEL established in the final rule.
	www.cdc.gov /niosh/pel88/287-92.html (338 words)

	Help (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The cyclopentane ring is the parent chain; either bromine-bearing carbon could be carbon #1; the stereochemistry is trans (E).
		Either cyclopentane ring is the parent; the cyclopentylmethyl group is simply a substituent.
		The cyclopentane is the parent; the lowest number sequence is generated when the methyl group is bonded to carbon #1, proceeding clockwise.
	www.chem.uic.edu /web1/ocol/3-3/3-3h.htm (393 words)

	Haldia Petrochemicals Limited - Products - Chemicals - Benzene
		Cyclopentane is a low boiling hydrocarbon, insoluble in water and soluble in organic solvents such as hydrocarbons, alchohols, ketones and esters.
		Cyclopentane is completely free from halogen compounds such as chlorine or fluorine and therefore does not contribute to Ozone depletion.
		Cyclopentane is used as substitute of CFC-11 as blowing agent in rigid PU foam due to its superior performance and environmental friendliness.
	www.haldiapetrochemicals.com /products/benzene.htm (220 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Substituted cyclopentanes, cyclopentenes, and cyclopentadienes possess the requisite properties for use as a lubricant film or layer in a magnetic recording medium.
		In some embodiments, the hydrocarbyl substituent on the cyclopentane, cyclopentene, and cyclopentadiene may be derivatized to include one or more polar groups, such as hydroxy, carboxylic acid, amine, carboxylic ester, carboxylic amide, phosphate, and sulfur compounds.
		While the cyclopentanes, cyclopentenes, and cyclopentadienes may be used alone in a lubricant layer, other lubricants and/or additives also may be used in combination as far as the additional lubricants do not adversely affect the performance of the magnetic recording media.
	www.wipo.int /cgi-pct/guest/getbykey5?KEY=00/58956.001005&ELEMENT_SET=DECL (7943 words)

	Chemical Safety Data: Cyclopentane
		Cyclopentane is extremely flammable, catching fire at temperatures no greater than that of hot water - no naked flame is required.
		Cyclopentane floats on water and is insoluble in it; water is therefore largely ineffective at dealing with large cyclopentane fires.
		Cyclopentane is also an asphyxiant and is likely to dry the skin out in the event of skin contact.
	physchem.ox.ac.uk /~hmc/hsci/chemicals/cyclopentane.html (342 words)

	U.S. Patent: 5026502 - Azeotrope-like compositions of 1,1-dichoro-1-fluoroethane; dichlorotrifluoroethane; and alkane ...
		It should be understood that the aforementioned compositional ranges for azeotrope-like compositions of 1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane; 1,1-dichloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane; and cyclopentane also apply to azeotrope-like compositions of 1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane; 1,2-dichloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethane; and cyclopentane.
		The 1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane; dichlorotrifluoroethane; n-pentane; and cyclopentane components of the novel solvent azeotrope-like compositions of the invention are known materials.
		The averages of the distillate fractions and the overhead temperatures are quite constant within the uncertainty associated with determining the compositions, indicating that the mixtures are constant-boiling or azeotrope-like.
	www.everypatent.com /comp/pat5026502.html (5822 words)

	A. D. Little Report
		Cyclopentane foaming systems are already fully operational with necessary fire safety provisions --- extra ventilation, explosion-proof electricals, and hydrocarbon vapor monitors --- included and adding to the capital cost (note that for application in the US additional features along with VOC emission controls would be required; European VOC regulations are just coming into play).
		For cyclopentane or pentane foam, fixture ventilation, explosion proof electricals, hydrocarbon vapor concentration monitoring and alarms and emergency ventilation are among the safety measures that are needed to ensure a fire-safe, explosion-safe operation.
		Depending on plant location and applicable local regulations, the small amounts of isobutane refrigerant that escapes during changing and of cyclopentane blowing agent that escapes during foaming must be captured by appropriate pollution control equipment, adding to the investment and operating costs of the manufacturing operation.
	www.arap.org /adlittle/4.html (4372 words)

	Measurement of the Viscosity of Cyclopentane from 200 to 300 K and Pressures up to 25 Mpa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		During the last decade cyclopentane has attracted a lot of attention because of the nonpolarity of its molecule and the importance of its derivatives in petroleum industry.
		The transport properties of cyclopentane however, and indeed its viscosity have scarcely been reported and only over a very limited range.
		Furthermore, the Subcommittee of Transport Properties of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry is currently examining the possibility of proposing cyclopentane as a viscosity reference fluid.
	www.zae-bayern.de /ectp/abstracts/assael2.html (225 words)

	Ministry of Environment and Energy, Denmark (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		After cyclopentane was chosen as the blowing agent we mainly concentrated on developing a foam system for cooling/freezing and for panels.
		Too much cyclopentane has a softening effect on the PUR foam matrix itself and too little cyclopentane gives a bad insulation property of the foam.
		Cyclopentane has a molecular weight of 70.1 g/mol, which is approx.
	www.mst.dk /udgiv/publications/no300/html/x33.htm (810 words)

	Structure sensitivity of the hydrocarbon combustion reaction over Pt/Al2O3 catalysts
		In cyclopentane combustion, the X vs T curve of the second run is clearly shifted to lower temperatures as compared to that obtained in the first run.
		In cyclopentane combustion, the activity of catalyst A slowly increased with time along the 20 hour runs; in contrast the CH conversion was constant.
		The initial activation of well-dispersed Pt catalysts in cyclopentane combustion is caused by the sintering of the metallic phase, which occurs in reaction conditions even if the cyclopentane combustion reaction is performed at low-temperature and low-conversion regimes.
	www.unl.edu.ar /cepac/abstract/bapeste.htm (1043 words)

	Derby A/S - Implementation of cyclopentane in Derby products
		The refrigerant R134a does not destroy the ozone layer but is a powerfull greenhouse gas contributing to the increase of the global greenhouse effect (also reflected in GWP value for global temperature rise).
		Cyclopentane is interesting because it has a lower GWP = 3, compared to R134a with a GWP = 1300 and hence reduces the impact on the global temperature rise or the socalled greenhouse effect.
		By changing from R134a to cyclopentane Derby has taken an important step as regards being able to offer our customers environmentally acceptable solutions in our endeavour to protect the environment as much as possible.
	www.derby.dk /Default.asp?ID=1158 (190 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The composition according to Claim 2 or Claim 3, wherein said derivatives are esters, aldehydes, ketones, amides alcohols and salts of cyclopentane propanoic acid, cyclohexane acetic acid and cyclohexane propanoic acid.
		The method according to Claim 8 or Claim 9, wherein said derivatives are esters, aldehydes ketones, amides alcohols and salts of cyclopentane propanoic acid, cyclohexane acetic acid and cyclohexane propanoic acid..
		The method according to Claim 42, wherein said cosmetic formulation is a shampoo, soap, a bath/shower gel, a gel, a spray, a cream a lotion or a towelette.
	www.wipo.int /cgi-pct/guest/getbykey5?KEY=05/13694.050414&ELEMENT_SET=DECL (1397 words)

	Greenfreeze: A Revolution
		Godrej-GE and Voltas Ltd. are currently moving ahead to a pilot plant stage to convert to cyclopentane foam blowing, in cooperation with the Swiss/German ECOFRIG project.
		Greenfreeze is insulated with cyclopentane blown polyurethane foam.
		Cyclopentane has no ozone depletion potential (ODP) and the effect of its components on global warming is negligible.
	archive.greenpeace.org /ozone/greenfreeze (2682 words)

	PRESS ROOM - Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.
		New fridges, or those manufactured since 1995, use cyclopentane as a blowing agent - which is categorised as a VOC - requiring safe recovery in an inert atmosphere.
		Cyclopentane, which is used in fridges manufactured after 1995, can be recovered using the same cryogenic condensation method, in order to comply with the EU VOC Solvent Emissions Directive.
		When cyclopentane from the new generation fridges is present and is recovered, the concentration becomes so high that it too can ignite in this environment.
	www.airproducts.co.uk /news/2002-12-11.htm (627 words)

	New Blowing Agents for Insulated Panels (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Cyclopentane has not gained significant market penetration in this area due to its particularly high flammability.
		In particular, the use of polyols derived from epoxidized soya bean oil was found to be particularly promising both in terms of blowing agent solubility and mechanical properties.
		The second method of assessing foam flowability was the use of a rise height recording apparatus in conjunction with gelation characteristics determined using a dynamic viscosity method which, when linked to a rise-height profile apparatus, is capable of determining the change in gelation characteristics as a function of foam expansion.
	www.ifs-group.com /New_blowing_agents_for_insulated_panels.htm (2611 words)

	SparkNotes: Carbocycles: Introduction to Cycloalkanes
		Cyclopentane has much less ring strain at 6.5 kcal/mol.
		For instance, the 90 degree bond angles of cyclobutane are much closer to 109.5 than the 60 degree bond angles of cyclopropane, yet its ring strain is smaller by a mere 1 kcal/mol.
		Most important of all, however, is that this model predicts that cyclopentane, with bond angles of 108 degrees, should be the most stable of the cycloalkanes.
	www.sparknotes.com /chemistry/organic2/carbocycles/section1.html (749 words)

	DreamPharm Online Pharmacy: Lowest price drugs and nutritional supplements - Buy Tamiflu Online.
		Cyclopentane neuraminidase inhibitors with potent in vitro anti-influenza virus activities.
		A novel series of cyclopentane derivatives have been found to exhibit potent and selective inhibitory effects on influenza virus neuraminidase.
		The cyclopentane influenza virus neuraminidase inhibitor RWJ-270201 was evaluated against influenza A/NWS/33 (H1N1), A/Shangdong/09/93 (H3N2), A/Victoria/3/75 (H3N2), and B/Hong Kong/05/72 virus infections in mice.
	www.dreampharm.com /drugs-online/tamiflu/tamiflu.7.html (1651 words)

	Crystalline Structure of Polyethylene Containing 1,2- or 1,3-Disubstituted Cyclopentane Units in the Main Chain
		Polyethylene having 1,2- or 1,3-disubstituted cyclopentane structures was prepared by copolymerization of ethylene and cyclopentene (CPE) or 1,5-hexadiene (HD), and the crystalline structure was studied.
		Treatment with fuming nitric acid preferentially degraded the amorphous phase of the copolymers, and the structure of degraded samples indicated that 1,3-disubstituted cyclopentane units were taken in the crystalline phase of poly(ethylene-co-HD).
		On the other hand, 1,2-disubstituted cyclopentane structures were not taken in the crystalline phase, but in the amorphous phase.
	pubs.acs.org /cgi-bin/abstract.cgi/mamobx/2002/35/i27/abs/ma021323d.html (227 words)

	Cyclopentane And Water: Examining Their Effects On Appliance Rigid Foams (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The ratio of cyclopentane to isopentane that is used as the blowing agent.
		"We thought that increasing the amount of isopentane used in the cyclopentane blend might result in lower density foams, or at least produce foams with a higher compressive strength due to higher internal cell pressure," said Steven L. Schilling, Ph.D., the paper's author and Development Scientist in the Technical Insulation Department of Bayer's Polyurethanes Division.
		Schilling added that increasing a foam's water level reduces the amount of catalyst needed to obtain a given gel time and also reduces the foam density obtained for a given blowing level.
	www.bayerus.com /new/1999/09.12.99e.html (428 words)

	Crenarchaeol: the characteristic core glycerol dibiphytanyl glycerol tetraether membrane lipid of cosmopolitan pelagic ...
		the position of one of the cyclopentane rings is different (11).
		torsion angle of the protons and alkyl substituents of the cyclopentane
		Because the cyclopentane ring is not planar but is in an "envelope" form, two torsion angles have to be taken into account.
	www.jlr.org /cgi/content/full/43/10/1641 (4842 words)

	No Excuses - Appliance Insulation
		Cyclopentane has proven to be the optimal replacement for CFCs.
		Major refrigerator manufacturers in Japan, such as Matsushita, Sharp and Sanyo are insulating some of their models with foam blown by cyclopentane.
		In Japan, Sharp combines the use of vacuum panels with PUR foam blown with cyclopentane in domestic refrigerators.
	archive.greenpeace.org /ozone/excuse/20excuse.html (681 words)

	UNIDO (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The selected ODS substitutes are cyclopentane blowing agent and isobutane refrigerant.
		During the conversion process the present five high pressure foaming machines, the foaming fixtures and curing ovens installed in four cabinet plants and two door lines will be modified for cyclopentane.
		The cyclopentane storage, premixing and foaming areas will be equipped with the required safety ventilation, gas detector and fire extinguishing systems.
	www.unido.org /data/sr/Data/Project/Project.cfm?c=10950 (302 words)

	Ministry of Environment and Energy, Denmark
		Special consideration regarding all components containing cyclopentane has to be taken as cyclopentane is an inflammable and explosive gas.
		High cyclopentane concentration areas are zone 0 and all electrical equipment is made in EEX/EX execution adjusted to the thermal and chemical environment.
		Degassed cyclopentane gas may be heavier or lighter than air depend-ing on the production equipment and methods and also depending on the weather.
	www.mst.dk /udgiv/publications/no300/html/x32.htm (588 words)

	Feature Article - Polyurethane Foam Industry Prepares for 'Zero ODP' - November 1999
		However, it has not been approved by EPA as a blowing agent for rigid PUR foam and may not turn out to be a serious contender.
		This advantage is said to be due to their lower boiling points compared with HCFC-141b and cyclopentane.
		A blend of the two was shown to offer a good compromise between the better insulation value of cyclopentane and the better dimensional stability obtained with 134a.
	www.plasticstechnology.com /articles/199911fa3.html (1671 words)

	Chalmers Publications: 9176 Insulation materials in district heating pipes : Environmental and thermal performance of ...
		The diffusion mechanisms of cyclopentane, a commonly used blowing agent in PUR foam, were compared to those of a new gas, 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc).
		The diffusion characteristics of HFC-365mfc in PUR foam were found to be similar to those of cyclopentane.
		The environmental performance of pipes insulated with high-density carbon dioxide blown PET foam (157 kg•m3) is similar to pipes insulated with carbon dioxide blown PUR foam (86 kg•m3).
	publications.lib.chalmers.se /records/full_record/9176.html (486 words)

	(OAIC) CYCLOPENTANE BLOWN PUR RIGID FOAM FOR APPLIANCES. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Results are provided for foams blown with n- pentane, iso-pentane and cyclopentane and these are compared with a reduced CFC-11 formulation which is used as a reference.
		Aged thermal conductivity figures are presented which show that cyclopentane blown foams can match the performance reduced CFC-11 formulations although details of the sample preparation method are not given.
		It is concluded that cyclopentane represents the best of the hydrocarbon options and the material's introduction for appliance applications is endorsed.
	es.epa.gov /p2pubs/oaic/926.html (269 words)

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