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Carthage

	Cyprian, Saint. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		Cyprian concurred with Pope Cornelius (and Calixtus I before him), calling for strictness but ultimate forgiveness for the truly contrite.
		He recognized the preeminence of the Church of Rome, but fell into sharp dispute with Pope Stephen I on the validity of baptism conferred by heretics or schismatics; Cyprian believed persons so baptized had to be rebaptized upon entering the church.
		The question was settled in favor of the Roman teaching, after Cyprian’s martyrdom in the persecution of Valerian.
	www.bartleby.com /65/cy/Cyprian.html (0 words)

	Cyprian, Carthage, Ancient Christian Church
		For Cyprian, the church might be spread abroad through all the world yet she remains one: "Even as the sun has many rays, yet one light." It follows from Cyprian's view that to separate from the church was the worst of sins.
		Cyprian had insisted that no change should be made in the usual practice until the end of the persecution when the bishop could convene and decide on an overall policy.
		Cyprian's main idea on church unity was that of the coherence of bishops in mutual concord and he quoted Ephesians 4, which points to the mystery of church unity.
	www.dacb.org /stories/tunisia/cyprian_.html (5310 words)

	Cyprian - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Saint Cyprian (Thascius Caecilius Cyprianus) (died September 14, 258) was bishop of Carthage and an important early Christian writer.
		Cyprian, on the other hand, believing that outside the Church there was no true baptism, regarded that of heretics as null and void, and baptized as for the first time those who joined the Church.
		Cyprian's narrow definition of the Church led him to certain inferences that made him in this respect the connecting-link between his model, the rigorist Tertullian, and the comparable Donatist controversy that split North Africa later, concerning the efficacy of the mass, when said by an unworthy priest.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cyprian (2014 words)

	Western North African Christianity/Cyprian
		Cyprian bishop of Carthage was a notable theologian and administrator.
		The central issue of CyprianÕs career was administrative Ñ what the church should do with Christians who wavered and fell under persecution, but wished to return to the church and their old positions in the church once the persecutions had passed.
		Cyprian viewed Tertullian as his mentor, calling him "the master." He, like Tertullian venerated the martyrs, who had given their lives for their faith, and loathed those Christians who had lapsed under the pressure of persecution.
	www.bethel.edu /~letnie/AfricanChristianity/WNACyprian.html (634 words)

	SAINT CYPRIAN
		Cyprian was a public orator, literary scholar, lawyer; and after his conversion a priest, a bishop, and finally a martyr, the first martyr-bishop of Africa.
		In this Cyprian and the other bishops of Africa were mistaken, and Pope Saint Stephen sent a warning not to depart from the apostolic tradition, which held that one who had been baptized, even if by a heretic, must not be rebaptized.
		Cyprian was unable to see the dogmatic significance of this question and, concerned about the unity and discipline of his own community, never did change his mind.
	www.stfrancisvernon.org /stcyprian.htm (931 words)

	Who Was Cyprian?
		Cyprian made significant contributions to the doctrine of the church and some of his ideas would become accepted by the Roman Catholic Church.
		For Cyprian, the unity of the church was Episcopal not theological, and he argued for the authority of the bishop of
		Cyprian believed that the main mark of the true church is apostolic succession.
	www.theologicalstudies.org /Cyprian.html (151 words)

	Newman Reader - Library of Fathers - Preface, St. Cyprian
		But Cyprian reached even unto the perfect crown the Lord consummating; so that in that very city in which he had so lived, and had been the first to do such noble deeds, he was the first also to decorate the ensigns of the heavenly priesthood with glorious bloodshed.
		By order of the Proconsul he was reserved for hearing on another day; so the blessed Cyprian was privately lodged in the house of the chief gaoler of the court of the most honourable [Note 29] Galerius Maximus, Proconsul, in the street which is called Saturn's, between the temples of Venus and of Salus.
		Cyprian himself attributes his change of heart and life to his baptism; and while confessing with Pontius "to sin no more has come of faith," declares also, "after that lifegiving water succoured me, what was dark began to shine, what seemed impossible, now could be achieved," i.
	www.newmanreader.org /works/fathers/cyprian.html (6740 words)

	LIVES OF SAINTS FOR YOUNG PEOPLE Sts. Cyprian and Justina
		Cyprian learned all sorts of evil tricks which he was able to perform with the help of demons.
		Cyprian described how he saw the prince of darkness sitting on a throne and surrounded by a countless number of evil spirits.
		Cyprian called on one of the evil spirits who proudly said that he should have no trouble in planting the same impure thoughts into the heart of Justina.
	www.roca.org /OA/21/21g.htm (962 words)

	Did Tertullian really exist? Did Cyprian? Did Hippolytus?
		No sooner has anyone (Cyprian), acting on a preconceived arrangement, put on the bonds –bonds, moreover, which, in the nominal custody now in vogue, are soft ones- than adulterers beset him, fornicators gain access to him; instantly prayers echo around him; instantly pools of tears from the eyes of all the polluted surround him...
		Cyprian and the worthy confessors who deferred to his authority were a haven of dignity and saintliness that held firm against the onslaught of the shameless Novatian priests, who strove to alienate the Christians from their true rulers.
		Cyprian became indignant at the sight of "some among our colleagues, dearest brethren, who think that the godly discipline may be neglected, and who rashly hold communion with Basilides and Martialis".
	www.geocities.com /zuigga (15897 words)

	WILL THE REAL ST. CYPRIAN PLEASE STAND? (This Rock: April 1997)
		Cyprian claimed that the unity of the Church is to be preserved by all the bishops unanimously holding the true faith.
		Cyprian’s position has offered scope for the arguments of Eastern Orthodox Christians, who argue that the authority of the pope did not exist in the early centuries, but was a later development not based on any divine authority.
		Cyprian repeatedly deferred to the supreme authority of the bishop of Rome.
	www.catholic.com /thisrock/1997/9704eaw.asp (2552 words)

	The Ecole Glossary (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Cyprian clashed with Pope Stephen I of Rome over the question of the validity of baptism by heretics.
		Cyprian proclaimed that such baptisms are invalid, and the pope threatened to excommunicate him.
		When another round of persecutions began six years later, Cyprian was arrested, and when he refused to sacrifice to the Roman gods, he was beheaded.
	www2.evansville.edu /ecoleweb/glossary/cyprian.html (275 words)

	ST. STEPHEN I
		Cyprian, a man of vigor, called upon Pope Stephen to depose the bishops of Merida and Leon in Spain because during the persecution they had secured certificates saying that they had sacrificed to idols.
		Cyprian, who certainly kept an eye on things, once more called on the Pope--this time to depose Marcian, bishop of Arles in Gaul, because he had fallen into the Novatian heresy.
		Cyprian had definitely acknowledged the supremacy of the Pope, but he did not seem to feel that the matter of rebaptism fell within the limits of papal jurisdiction.
	www.cfpeople.org /Books/Pope/POPEp23.htm (521 words)

	Writings of Cyprian
		These were embedded in the Ignatian theory of an episcopate without a trace of a papacy; and Cyprian's maxims had to be practically destroyed in the West before it was possible to raise the portentous figure of a supreme pontiff, and to subject the Latin churches to the entirely novel principle of Ecclesia in Papa.
		It will be seen that Cyprian, far from being the patron of ecclesiastical despotism, is the expounder of early canons and constitutions, in the spirit of order and discipline, indeed, but with the largest exemplification of that "liberty" which is manifested wherever "the Spirit of the Lord" is operative.
		Cyprian is the patron and defender of the presbytery and of lay co-operation, as well as of the regimen of the episcopate.
	mb-soft.com /believe/txu/cyprian1.htm (7331 words)

	ACTS OF S
		When Cyprian, the holy martyr chosen by God had returned from the city Curubis, which had been assigned as his place of banishment by command of Aspasius then proconsul, by divine command he remained in his own gardens, whence he daily expected to be summoned, as had been shown him.
		For the time being blessed Cyprian withdrew under guard to the house of a high official, equerry on the same staff of the illustious Galerius Maximus the proconsul, and remained with him at his house in the street which is called Saturn's between the temple of Venus and the temple of Public Welfare.
		There the whole congregation of the brethren gathered: when this came to holy Cyprian's knowledge he gave order that charge should be kept of the young women, for all had remained in the street before the door of the official's house.
	sonic.net /~ifdavis/chistory/actsofcyprian.htm (1070 words)

	The Lives of Sts. Cyprian and Justina
		Then Cyprian by his sorcery gave him the form of a bird and, having enabled him to fly in the air, he sent him to the house of Justina, advising him to fly into her room through the window.
		AFTER THIS CYPRIAN began to gain revenge for his shame, and by his sorcery he brought diverse misfortunes on the house of Justina and on the houses of all her relatives, neighbors and friends, as once the devil had done to righteous Job (Job 1:15-19, 2:7).
		And Cyprian, on the eighth day after his Baptism, was made a reader by the Bishop; on the twentieth day he was made subdeacon, and on the thirtieth day a deacon; and in a year he was ordained priest.
	www.orthodoxinfo.com /death/cyprian_justina.aspx (5727 words)

	St. Cyprian -Welcome to The Crossroads Initiative
		Saint Cyprian grew so rapidly in holiness and knowledge of the faith that he was appointed bishop of Carthage only two years later.
		Cyprian gave himself up and was martyred in Carthage on September 14, 258.
		Cyprian's writings that survive are mainly letters and short treatises.
	www.crossroadsinitiative.com /library_author/37/St._Cyprian.html (367 words)

	Cyprian of Carthage
		Cyprian was born around 200 AD in North Africa, of pagan parents.
		Cyprian held that they ought to be received back into full communion after suitable intervals of probation and penance, adjusted to the gravity of the denial.
		Cyprian organized a program of medical relief and nursing of the sick, available to all residents, but this did not prevent the masses from being convinced that the epidemic resulted from the wrath of the gods at the spread of Christianity.
	satucket.com /lectionary/Cyprian.htm (416 words)

	Glimpses bulletins #162: Cyprian of Carthage
		Cyprian as a church leader became a marked man. The pagans shouted, "Cyprian to the lions!" But the bishop managed to escape into hiding.
		Cyprian was willing to accept the relapsed but not those who had been baptized by one of the splinter groups (such as the Novitians) unless they were rebaptized.
		Cyprian's writings show that while he respected the special position of the bishop of Rome, he did not accept his primacy.
	chi.gospelcom.net /GLIMPSEF/Glimpses/glmps162.shtml (1701 words)

	Cyprian
		Cyprian states the prophecies of the Antichrist fore told of heresies rising up in the church at the end of the world.
		Cyprian appears to believe any heretic must be rebaptized to become a Christian.
		Cyprian does not accept baptism from those who follow the “new prophets” of the Montantists even if the believe in the Trinity.
	www.biblefacts.org /history/carthage.html (1134 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: St. Cyprian of Carthage
		It is certain that St. Cyprian held that one who was in communion with an antipope held not the root of the Catholic Church, was not nourished at her breast, drank not at her fountain.
		Cyprian supports his view by a wrong inference from the unity of the Church, and no one thought of the principle afterwards taught by St. Augustine, that, since Christ is always the principal agent, the validity of the
		Cyprian writes to nine bishops who were working in the mines, with half their hair shorn, and with insufficient food and clothing.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/04583b.htm (0 words)

	Cyprian of Carthage (d. 258))
		They knew of Cyprian that he was liberal with his means, that he was possessed of brilliant literary talents, that he showed both decision and tact in business transactions, and they would hear of no refusal.
		Cyprian was a man of education, not of genius ; he reasoned from facts, not from enthusiasm; he acted upon convictions, not upon passion.
		Cyprian, The Lapsed; The Unity of the Catholic Church, M. Bévenor, trans.
	www.earlychurch.org.uk /cyprian.php (1798 words)

	Cyprian Stevens
		Cyprian was from Devonshire in the early days, he was at first at Rummey Marsh (Chelsea) ----------------------------------------------------------------- Cyprian Stevens was born in England 1644-45 arrived in Boston, Mass.
		Cyprian Stevens was licenses by the Court of Pleas and the General Session of the Peace to retail wine, beer aile, cyder,rum ect.
		The Children of Cyprian Stevens were Mary 1672 -9 mo -22 d born in Lancaster.Simon born in Boston August 13 1677 or 8 - Dorothy of whom it is known only that she died in infancy.
	pharmacy.isu.edu /~cady/genealogy/PS01/PS01_069.HTM (2514 words)

	Golf Cyprian Keyes Golf Course, Functions, Weddings, Dining, Golf in Boylston Massachusetts
		Cyprian Keyes is a true gem in the heart of New England.
		Cyprian Keyes Golf Club is rich in both history and acclaim.
		Opened in 1997, Cyprian Keyes Golf Club was built from an estate dating back to 1734,the facility is open to the public for golf, instruction, dining and functions.
	www.cypriankeyes.com (0 words)

	OCP Publications - Cyprian Consiglio
		Cyprian is known for his soulful voice and use of many musical styles to express sacred themes.
		Cyprian is also available on a limited basis for conferences and retreats.
		Cyprian is also available on a limited basis for conferences and retreat work, especially in the areas of liturgical spirituality, prayer and meditation.
	www.ocp.org /sp/people/11400.php (398 words)

	Cyprian Jr.
		Cyprian Bulloch Jr., was born December 3, 1848 in Meriwether County, Georgia.
		Cyprian Jr., was one of the founders of Bullochville, Georgia.
		The mother of Cyprian Bulloch, Jr., was a daughter of Samuel Grey, a South Carolinian who served in the war of 1812, and having drawn some land in Georgia, came and settled upon it, at a time when the country was very sparsely settled.
	www.bullochquest.org /html/cyprian_jr_.html (433 words)

	Ecumenism and the Ecclesiology of Saint Cyprian of Carthage
		Ecumenism and the Ecclesiology of Saint Cyprian of Carthage
		To Saint Cyprian every schism was a departure out of the Church, out of that sanctified and holy land "where alone rises the baptismal spring, the waters of salvation." [140] Saint Cyprian was adamant in his position with regard to the Church’s rejection of the validity of an heretical sacrament:
		Cyprian of Carthage, "Epistle to Jubianus," in Vol.
	www.orthodoxinfo.com /ecumenism/stcyprian_eccles.aspx (1860 words)

	Cyprian (Site not responding. Last check: )
		In a time of intense persecution and division within the church, Cyprian was beheaded and became the first African bishop to die a martyr.
		Cyprian's writings are not only important sources for the history of early church life and of ecclesiastical law, but they are noted for their literary merit as well.
		At the time the Reformation was in full swing and the Council of Trent was hotly embroiled in the debate over the primacy of the pope in Rome, a theme of some of Cyprian's writing.
	library.byu.edu /~aldine/52Cyprian.html (159 words)

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