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Topic: Cypriot Maronite Arabic

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	Maronite Church - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Maronites (Marunoye ܡܪܘܢܝܐܶ; in (Aramaic) Syriac, Mâruniyya مارونية in Arabic) are members of an Eastern Catholic Church in full communion with the Pope of the Roman Catholic Church.
		Little was heard from the Maronites for 400 years, as they quietly escaped the Muslim invasions in the mountains of Lebanon, until the Crusader Raymond of Toulouse discovered the Maronites in the mountains near Tripoli, Lebanon on his way to conquer Jerusalem.
		The Maronites, because of their monastic origin, were able to withstand intense pressure and even persecution to preserve their Church, not just by the Muslims, but also by separated brethren such as the Orthodox and Churches of the East, as well as efforts at Latinization from Rome.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Maronite_Church (1756 words)

	Arabic language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Arabic language (Arabic: اللغة العربية‎ translit: al-lughah al-‘arabiyyah), or simply Arabic (Arabic: عربي‎ translit: ‘arabī), is the largest member of the Semitic branch of the Afro-Asiatic language family (classification: South Central Semitic) and is closely related to Hebrew and Aramaic.
		Arabic has been a literary language since at least the 6th century and is the liturgical language of Islam.
		Arabic is a major source of vocabulary for languages as diverse as Berber, Kurdish, Farsi, Swahili, Urdu, spoken Hindi, Turkish, Malay, and Indonesian, as well as other languages in countries where these languages are spoken.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Arabic_language (3023 words)

	Cypriot Maronite Arabic - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Probably the most divergent of all Arabic varieties is Cypriot Maronite Arabic, still spoken by most of the 130 elderly Maronite Catholics in Kormakiti (Korucam) in Northern Cyprus, overlooking the Mediterranean Sea.
		Tsiapera, M. A Descriptive Analysis of Cypriot Maronite Arabic, The Hague: Mouton and Co., N.V., 1969.
		Cypriot Arabic in Northern Cyprus by Alkan Chaglar, Toplum Postasi
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cypriot_Maronite_Arabic (273 words)

	Cypriot Maronite Arabic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-01)
		Probably the most divergent of all Arabic varieties is Cypriot Maronite Arabic, still spoken by most of the 130 elderly Maronite Catholics in Kormakiti (Korucam) in Northern Cyprus, overlooking the Mediterranean Sea.
		Brought to the island by Maronites fleeing Lebanon at least 700 years ago, this unique variety of Arabic has been very heavily influenced by Greek in both phonology and vocabulary, while retaining certain unusually archaic features in other respects.
		Cypriot Arabic: A Historical and Comparative Investigation into the Phonology and Morphology of the Arabic Vernacular Spoken by the Maronites of Kormakiti Village in the Kyrenia District of North-Western Cyprus, Stuttgart: Deutsche Morgenlandische Gesellschaft, 1985.
	en.encyclopediahome.com /wiki/Cypriot_Maronite_Arabic (256 words)

	North Cyprus: Maronite-Cypriot Community in Kormacit (Kormatiki)
		According to the medieval bishop William of Tyre, the Maronite patriarch sought union with the Latin patriarch of Antioch in 1182.
		Maronites are also found in Southern Europe [notably in France and Cyprus], and North and South America, having emigrated in the 19th century.
		The Spoken Arabic Dialect Of The Maronites Of Cyprus
	www.cypnet.co.uk /ncyprus/people/cypmaronites/index.html (644 words)

	Arabic language - tScholars.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-01)
		Arabic (اللغة العربية; al-luġatu-l-ʻarabiyyatu, less formally, عربي ʻarabī) is the largest member of the Semitic branch of the Afro-Asiatic language family (classification: South Central Semitic) and is closely related to Hebrew and Aramaic.
		The term "Arabic" may refer either to literary Arabic or Modern Standard Arabic or to the many localized varieties of Arabic commonly called "colloquial Arabic." Arabs consider literary Arabic as the standard language and tend to view everything else as mere dialects.
		Since the written Arabic of today differs from the written Arabic of the Qur'anic era, it has become customary in western scholarship and among non-Arab scholars of Arabic to refer to the language of the Qur'an as Classical Arabic and the modern language of the media and of formal speech as Modern Standard Arabic.
	www.tscholars.com /encyclopedia/Arabic_language (2576 words)

	Maronite - Facts, Information, and Encyclopedia Reference article
		Maronites (Marunoye ܐܶܝܢܘܪܡ in Syriac, Mâruniyya مارونية in Arabic) are members of an Eastern Catholic Church in full communion with the Pope of the Roman Church.
		According to modern Maronites, their forebears remained orthodox in the 5th and 6th centuries despite the strength of the Monophysite and Nestorian heresies in that region.
		In 1610, the Maronite monks of the Monastery of Saint Anthony of Quzhayya imported one of the first printing presses in the Arabic speaking world.
	www.startsurfing.com /encyclopedia/m/a/r/Maronite.html (1296 words)

	Arabic Information Center - arabic
		Arabic has been arabic songs a literary language english arabic to english to arabic since at least the 6th century and is the liturgical language of Islam.
		The Arabic arabic tv alphabet derives from the Aramaic script (which variety - Nabataean or Syriac - is a matter of scholarly dispute), to which it bears a loose resemblance like that of Coptic or Cyrillic script arabic radio to Greek script.
		Arabic calligraphy has not fallen out of use as in the Western world, and is still considered by Arabs arabic names as a major art form; calligraphers are held in great esteem.
	www.scipeeps.com /Sci-Official_Languages_A_-_C/Arabic.html (2282 words)

	Arabic language - insurance-life-term-vs-whole.info (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-01)
		The Arabic language (اللغة العربية; al-luġatu-l-ʿarabīyatu, less formally, عربي ʿarabī) is the largest member of the Semitic branch of the Afro-Asiatic language family (classification: South Central Semitic) and is closely related to Hebrew and Aramaic.
		The term "Arabic" may refer either to literary Arabic, which no Arab speaks as a mother tongue, or Modern Standard Arabic or to the many spoken varieties of Arabic commonly called "colloquial Arabic." Arabs consider literary Arabic as the standard language and tend to view everything else as mere dialects.
		While Arabic is strongly associated with Islam (and is the language of salah), it is also spoken by Arab Christians, Oriental (Sephardic) Jews, and smaller sects such as Iraqi Mandaeans.
	insurance-life-term-vs-whole.info /Arabic_language (2395 words)

	BRILL (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-01)
		Cypriot Arabic, an unwritten language and mother tongue of several hundred bilingual (Arabic/Greek) Maronites from Kormakiti (N.W. Cyprus), evolved from a medieval Arabic colloquial brought to the island by Christian Arab migrants (probably from Asia Minor and Syria).
		A number of rare Aramaic substratal elements in Cypriot Arabic suggest a relatively early separation of its parent dialect from mainstream Arabic.
		Cypriot Arabic is an endangered language; the present glossary is the most comprehensive lexical record of this scientifically intriguing variety of peripheral Arabic.
	www.brill.nl /print.aspx?partid=10&pid=11385 (321 words)

	Ana sayfa
		A Semitic dialect, Cypriot Maronite Arabic is closely related to Maltese and Anatolian Arabic, and arrived in Cyprus with the migration of Maronites in the 8th century and again in the 10th century.
		Cypriot Arabic is regarded as being the closest living language that is a relic of the medieval Syria-Iraq region.
		The survival of Cypriot Arabic and the future survival of this minority on the island are partially in the hands of the Turkish Cypriots.
	www.toplumpostasi.net /index.php/cat/1/col/85/art/896/PageName/Ana_sayfa.html (1041 words)

	Garshuni - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Garshuni, also known as Karshuni, is the Arabic language written in the Syriac alphabet.
		Garshuni came to be used from about the seventh century AD, when Arabic started to become the dominant spoken language in the Fertile Crescent, but Arabic script was not yet fully developed and widely read.
		The Syriac alphabet is extended by use of diacritics to write Arabic Garshuni.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Garshuni (261 words)

	I M F \| Current Events
		For Maronites trekking back to their childhood idylls for the first time in 30 years, facing the Turkish Cypriot families now inhabiting their houses was a potentially traumatic experience.
		Already, the Maronites' mountain settlements and monasteries are devoid of inhabitants, the last of which cluster in villages on the plain.
		The influx of Maronites who arrived on the island in the 12th century were initially privileged as they based themselves in the mountains and guarded the coastal areas of the Crusader kingdom against invasion.
	www.maronet.org /cyprus_maronites.htm (1670 words)

	Arabic language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		This image shows where Arabic is the only official language (green) and where Arabic is one of the official languages (blue).
		For example the Arabic word for book /kita:b/ is used in all the languages listed, apart from Malay and Indonesian (where it specifically means "religious book").
		Arabic, like other Semitic languages, is written from right to left.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Arabic (3023 words)

	Maronite Church - Wikipedia Light!
		Maronites (Marunoye ܡܪܘܢܝܐܶ; in Syriac, Mâruniyya مارونية in Arabic) are members of an Eastern Catholic Church in full communion with the Pope of the Roman Catholic Church.
		Maronites are Arabic-speaking Christians, though, like most Lebanese people, their ethnic background is a mix of Phoenician, Assyrian, and other Levantine/West Semitic roots, with some Greek and European elements that may have stemmed from the Crusades or earlier.
		During the Crusades in the 12th century, Maronites assisted the Crusaders and reaffirmed their affiliation with Catholicism in 1182.
	godseye.com /wiki/index.php?title=Maronite (1554 words)

	SYRIAC LANGUAGE : Encyclopedia Entry
		It became the vehicle of Christianity and culture, spreading throughout Asia as far as Malabar and Eastern China by Assyrian missionaries and was the medium of communication and cultural dissemination for Arabs and to a lesser extent Persians as well.
		Before Arabic became the dominant language, Syriac was a major language among Christian communities in the Middle East, Central Asia and southern India.
		Western Middle Syriac is the official language of the Syriac Orthodox Church, the Syrian Catholic Church, the Maronite Church, the Malankara Syrian Orthodox Church, the Mar Thoma Church and the Syro-Malankara Catholic Church.
	www.bibleocean.com /OmniDefinition/Syriac_language (2272 words)

	Ethnologue 14 report for language code:ACY
		1,300 speakers out of 6,000 in the Cypriot Maronite ethnic group, 140 Maronites in Kormatiki, 80 to 100 in Limassol, the rest in the Maronite community in Nicosia.
		Kormakiti, one of 4 Maronite villages in the mountains of northern Cyprus, and in refugee communities in Nicosia and Limassol.
		A hybrid language with roots in the Arabic of both the Anatolia and the Levant.
	www.ethnologue.com /show_language.asp?code=ACY (120 words)

	search.com - Varieties of Arabic - Search.com Reference
		Moroccan Arabic has greatly rearranged the system of verbal derivation, so that the traditional system of forms I through X is not applicable without some stretching.
		In Egyptian Arabic and Levantine Arabic, short /i/ and /u/ (and merged /ə/, when it exists) are elided in various circumstances in unstressed syllables (typically, in open syllables; for example, in Egyptian Arabic, this occurs only in the middle vowel of a VCVCV sequence, ignoring word boundaries).
		For Egyptian Arabic and Moroccan Arabic, the effect is sometimes described as half as powerful as an emphatic consonant, as a vowel with uvular consonants on both sides is affected similarly to having an emphatic consonant on one side.
	domainhelp.search.com /reference/Varieties_of_Arabic (4216 words)

	Department of Language and Linguistics at the University of Essex, UK (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-01)
		Nowadays, the Cypriot Maronite community constitutes 0.6% of the population of Cyprus, that is, about 4500 Maronites.
		The Maronites of only one village, Kormakitis, were bilingual in Cypriot-Greek (CG) and Cypriot Maronite Arabic or Kormakiti Maronite Arabic (KMA).
		Whereas the Kormakiti Maronites managed to keep their Arabic variety through the centuries, it seems that the abandonment of their village has played a crucial role in their shifting towards the language of the majority, Cypriot-Greek.
	www.essex.ac.uk /linguistics/pgr/egcl/gspd8/abstracts/chryso.shtm (453 words)

	Comprehensive information and links about Israel Arabic
		Since the written Arabic of today differs from the written Arabic of the Quranic era, it has become customary in western scholarship and among non-Arab scholars of Arabic to refer to the language of the Qur'an as Classical Arabic and the modern language of the media and of formal speech, such as Modern Standard Arabic.
		While Arabic is strongly associated with Islam (and is the language of salah), it is also spoken by Arab Christians, Oriental span Jews, and smaller sects such as Iraqi Mandaeans.
		Being cursive by nature, unlike the Latin alphabet, Arabic is used to write down a verse of the Qur'an, a Hadith, or simply a proverb, in a spectacular composition.
	www.quicknation.com /Israel_Arabic.htm (1789 words)

	Levantine Arabic - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Levantine Arabic (sometimes called Eastern Arabic) is a group of Arabic dialects spoken in the 100 km-wide eastern-Mediterranean coastal strip known as the Levant, i.e.
		This corresponds to the western wing of the Fertile Crescent, which clearly appears green on satellite photos.
		the fact that are those in the Arab world which retained best the original Arabic stress pattern (along with Hijazi dialects, maybe).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Levantine_Arabic (283 words)

	Aramaic, language of Jesus, lives on in Cyprus \| csmonitor.com
		A Maronite village, isolated by the island's division, struggles to carry on the tongue.
		Providing a lifeline to those enclaved in Kormakiti are Maronite Catholics in the south of the island who send food, medicine, fuel, and other humanitarian supplies, which are delivered every two weeks by UN peacekeepers.
		According to some in the Maronite community, the provision was included after intervention by the Vatican.
	www.csmonitor.com /2004/0129/p07s02-wome.html (838 words)

	9:30 – 10:00 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-01)
		The Cypriot Maronite community is a Catholic community, which its arrival in
		Whereas the Kormakiti Maronites managed to keep their Arabic variety through the centuries, it seems that the abandonment of their village has played a crucial role in their shifting towards the language of the majority, Cypriot-Greek.
		Manes (1983) suggests that compliments are indirect indicators of values held by the society using them.
	privatewww.essex.ac.uk /~gcasil/GSPD/ABS8.htm (3426 words)

	Ethnologue: Cyprus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-01)
		The number of languages listed for Cyprus is 4.
		(CYPRIOT MARONITE ARABIC, MARONITE, SANNA) [ACY] 1,300 speakers, all over 30, out 6,000 in the Cypriot Maronite ethnic group; 140 Maronites in Kormatiki, mainly elderly; 80 to 100 in Limassol; the rest in the Maronite community in Nicosia.
		Kormakiti, one of 4 Maronite villages in the mountains of the Turkish-speaking northern sector, and in refugee communities in Nicosia and Limassol.
	www.christusrex.org /www3/ethno/Cypr.html (230 words)

	North Cyprus: Maronite-Cypriot Community in Kormacit (Kormatiki)
		Click to listen to a Maronite hymn; above a Maronite-Cypriot girl taking the holy communion
		They speak their native tongue a dialect Arabic, which is mixed with many Greek and Turkish words.
		Many Cypriot-Maronites still preserve their customs and traditions, and have a Maronite village mukhtar (community leader or governments local representative).
	www.cypnet.co.uk /ncyprus/people/cypmaronites (644 words)

	Arabic language - Voyager, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-01)
		Hijazi Arabic (West Cost of Saudi Arabia, Northern Saudi Arabia, eastern Jordan, Western Iraq)
		"The Development of Classical Arabic" by Kees Versteeghaf:Arabies
		This page was last modified 01:25, 10 December 2005.
	www.voyager.in /Arabic_language (2420 words)

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