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Topic: Cystic duct

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	Choledochocele Of The Cystic Duct
		Ultrasound of abdomen (fig 1) showed a cystic dilatation beside the gall bladder and the common hepatic duct, but was unable to precisely define the exact abnormality.
		Choledochal cyst is defined as a cystic dilatation of the common bile duct.
		This is the first case of cystic duct choledochocele confirmed with Helical CT Scan using oral contrast material and it demonstrates that invasive ERCP may not be necessary for accurate visualisation of these abnormalities.
	www.ispub.com /ostia/index.php?xmlFilePath=journals/ijge/vol1n2/chole.xml (830 words)

	Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy - tutorial (2)
		Once the field is exposed, the infundibulum is grasped with the lateral most grasper and pulled laterally, further exposing the cystic artery and cystic duct.
		Once the junction between the cystic duct and gallbladder neck has been identified, the cystic duct is dissected circumferentially near the junction.
		A view demonstrating an empty space between the liver and gallbladder neck, with the intervening cystic duct in between, sometimes called the critical view, is desirable for reasons of safety.
	www.laparoendoscopy.com /choletutorial2.htm (234 words)

	Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
		To avoid this tenting up of the common bile duct and to gain better exposure of the cystic duct, common duct, cystic artery area (Triangle of Calot), a second grasping instrument is now used to grasp the proximal portion of the gall bladder (Hartmann's pouch) and retract it inferiorolaterally.
		2) Once the cystic duct, common bile duct and cystic artery have been clearly identified and dissected free of each other and other fibrous and fatty tissue, it is now safe to ligate and divide the cystic duct and the cystic artery.
		Early in the national experience with laparoscopic cholecystectomy it became apparent that some surgeons who were in the early phases of their training would misidentify the anatomy and inadvertently clip and divide the common bile duct thinking it to be the cystic duct.
	www.lectlaw.com /med/med12.htm (1159 words)

	medQuest: Locate Top Medical Expert Witnesses
		To avoid this tenting up of the common bile duct and to gain better exposure of the cystic duct, common duct, cystic artery area (Triangle of Calot), a second grasping instrument is now used to grasp the proximal portion of the gall bladder (Hartmann's pouch) and retract it inferiorolaterally.
		2) Once the cystic duct, common bile duct and cystic artery have been clearly identified and dissected free of each other and other fibrous and fatty tissue, it is now safe to ligate and divide the cystic duct and the cystic artery.
		Early in the national experience with laparoscopic cholecystectomy it became apparent that some surgeons who were in the early phases of their training would misidentify the anatomy and inadvertently clip and divide the common bile duct thinking it to be the cystic duct.
	www.medquestltd.com /articles/article12.html (1035 words)

	Cystic duct - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The cystic duct is the short duct that joins the gall bladder to the common bile duct.
		During a cholecystectomy, the cystic duct is clipped two or three times and a cut is made between the clips, freeing the gallbladder to be taken out.
		SUNY Figs 38:06-03 - "The gallbladder and extrahepatic bile ducts."
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cystic_duct (162 words)

	DAVE Project: Biliary - Mirizzi Syndrome
		His CT scan demonstrated this mass in the region of the cystic duct and Hartmanâs Pouch in the neck of the gallbladder.
		Cystic duct stone compression of the common hepatic duct producing a malignant like biliary obstruction was first described by Dr. Mirizzi in 1948.
		Type 3 and type 4 are stenosis at the confluence of the cystic duct and the hepatic duct due to either a stone or cholecystitis respectively.
	dave1.mgh.harvard.edu /ViewFilms.cfm?film_id=543 (440 words)

	Laparoscopic Management of Biliary Stone Disease
		The subxyphoid Dolphin Nose Grasper instrument is passed behind the cystic duct or actually between the cystic duct and the cystic artery.
		The cystic duct and artery are clipped (three clips) as close as possible to the gallbladder.
		Occasionally the grasper holding the cystic duct stump can be used to flip the body of the gallbladder around the stationary grasper which is still holding the fundus of the gallbladder.
	www.laparoscopy.net /chole/choletech4.htm (620 words)

	Gallbladder Article
		As the hepatic duct descends toward the small intestine, the cystic duct which leads from the gallbladder joins the hepatic duct to form the common bile duct.
		Cholangitis is infection or inflammation of the bile ducts.
		Because the cystic duct and cystic artery are the structures to be divided, it is these structures only that must be conclusively identified in every laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
	www.dunbarlawfirm.com /gallbladder_article.htm (2591 words)

	cystic duct - OmniMedicalSearch.com - cystic duct
		The cystic duct drains the gallbladder, and the common bile duct is the main duct draining into the duodenum.
		Common bile duct: The duct that carries bile from the gallbladder and liver into the duodenum (the upper part of the small intestine) The common bile duct is formed by the junction of the cystic duct that comes from...
		It is usually caused by the passage of a stone from the gallbladder into the cystic duct, which is a tube that connects the gallbladder to the common bile duct.
	www.omnimedicalsearch.com /sr_cystic_duct.html (520 words)

	TITLE OF THE PAGE (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Incidence of major bile duct injuries associated with open cholecystectomy was 0.2% to 0.3% while it was estimated to be 0.4% to 0.7% with laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
		The “Classic laparoscopic injury” occurs when the cystic duct and the CBD are aligned in the same plane, leading to clipping and dividing the CBD.
		Injury to the common hepatic duct is likely to occur when anatomic anomalies of the hepatic duct or cystic duct exist or when massive bleeding from the cystic artery or portal vein is encountered.
	www.sunmed.org /bileduct.html (847 words)

	Laparoscopy.com - COMMON BILE DUCT EXPLORATION.
		Dr. Mark PLEATMAN presents a case of laparoscopic exploration of the common bile duct via the cystic duct.
		Trans-cystic duct exploration is most suitable for stones below the junction of the cystic duct and common hepatic duct.
		It is frequently unnecessary to dilate the cystic duct for introduction of the 'scope.
	www.laparoscopy.com /pictures/cbd.html (358 words)

	The Cystic Duct: Normal Anatomy and Disease Processes -- Turner and Fulcher 21 (1): 3 -- RadioGraphics (Site not responding. Last check: )
		the extrahepatic bile duct or because the junction is in the
		Aberrant junction of the bile duct and cystic duct.
		invaded by the bile duct neoplasm (Fig 19a).
	radiographics.rsnajnls.org /cgi/content/full/21/1/3 (7196 words)

	HBPD INT
		During dissection of the Calot triangle and cystic duct, pulling the infundibulum upward and laterally is a necessary maneuver.
		Second, when the cystic duct has been correctly freed and divided, the common hepatic duct wall closely adhesive to the superointernal border of the infundibulum is lacerated or thermally injured during subsequent dissection up to the proximal infundibulum.
		Subsequent to division of the “systic duct”, bile leakage from the porta hepatis was noted in 2 cases during dissection of the superointernal border of the infundibulum.
	www.hbpdint.com /text.asp?id=641 (2426 words)

	Article : Double Gallbladder and Accessory Hepatic Duct — A Case Report ; Author : G Singh ; Co-Author(s) : R K ... (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Union of cystic and common hepatic duct is frequently behind duodenum or the pancreas and may only occur just before the duct pierces the wall of the duodenum.
		Cystic duct may be absent, with the common hepatic duct entering the gall bladder and common bile duct leaving it.
		Duplication anomalies are quite rare and are characterized by a large variety of configuration depending upon the size and degree of fusion of the two lobes and on the number and disposition of the cystic ducts.
	www.ijri.org /articles/archives/2002-12-2/abdominal_231.htm (853 words)

	Complications of Laparoscopic Cholecystect
		The cystic duct emerges at acute angle to the CBD and this angle actually narrows when the fundus is retracted towards the shoulder.
		The cystic duct is brought to a right angle with the CBD by lateral retraction of the infundibulum Hunter et al.
		Once the common duct was divided and retracted with the gallbladder a second higher injury resulted with division of the common hepatic duct, as it approached the bifurcation this second ductal injury was often described as an accessory duct.
	www.danaise.com /Lap-Chole.html (4166 words)

	Cystic fibrosis: Complications - MayoClinic.com
		Frequent complications of cystic fibrosis are chronic respiratory infections, including pneumonia, bronchitis, chronic sinusitis and bronchiectasis — an abnormal dilation of the walls of the bronchial tubes that makes it more difficult to clear your airways.
		People with cystic fibrosis may also develop bleeding from the lungs (hemoptysis), respiratory failure or collapsed lung (pneumothorax) — a condition in which lung air leaks into the chest cavity through a small hole that forms in the lung's outer layer.
		In addition, the bile duct, the duct that carries bile from your liver and gallbladder to your small intestine, may become blocked and inflamed, leading to liver problems such as cirrhosis.
	www.mayoclinic.com /health/cystic-fibrosis/DS00287/DSECTION=7 (521 words)

	Cystic Fibrosis \| FAQ
		Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a life-threatening disease that causes mucus to build up and clog some of the organs in the body, particularly in the lungs and pancreas.
		Cystic fibrosis (CF), also called mucoviscidosis, is an autosomal recessive hereditary disease that affects the lungs, sweat glands and the digestive system.
		Cystic fibrosis (CF) is caused by a defect in a gene called the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene.
	cysticfibrosis.com /faq.cfm (3863 words)

	Can bile duct injuries be prevented? "A new technique in laparoscopic cholecystectomy" \| BMC Surgery, Volume 5 - Mirror ...
		During cholecystectomy, the gall bladder, cystic duct and ductus choledochus were visible with methylene blue dye and the dissection was performed more safely (Figure 2).
		The gall bladder, cystic duct and ductus choledochus were painted with methylene blue in 43 cases but only the gall bladder and the proximal cystic duct were visualised in 3 cases.
		Bile duct injuries are associated with significant morbidity, prolonged hospitalization, increased financial burden, potential litigation and occasional mortality [1,5,6,10,11].
	bmc.ub.uni-potsdam.de /1471-2482-5-14/text.htm (2350 words)

	PicTour of a Laparoscopic Operation
		The gall bladder is stuck to the liver, and is fixed to the bile duct by the "cystic duct" and "cystic artery" - both of which have to be accurately found by the surgeon, clips applied to prevent leakage or bleeding and then cut in order to release the gall bladder before removing it.
		The first important attachment is the "cystic duct" - the narrow tube that connects the gall bladder to the main bile passage - the Bile Duct.
		Titanium clips are used to clip the cystic duct so as to to prevent leakage of bile from the cut ends after it is cut.The great magnification makes a small clip appear huge.
	www.arachnis.com /drsastry/pictour.htm (436 words)

	vgn-ext-hidden_PubMed
		At laparoscopy, the gallbladder fossa was not identified on the undersurface of the liver.
		After careful dissection of the hepatoduodenal ligament, the dilated extrahepatic bile duct and a 1-cm length of hypoplastic cystic duct were found.
		Gallbladder agenesis is usually accompanied by the lack of the cystic duct.
	www.plwc.org /portal/site/ASCO/menuitem.a3fb42726842a82627c4c291ee37a01d/?vgnextoid=d70b3608f9958010VgnVCM100000f2730ad1RCRD&index=n&pmid=16921307 (244 words)

	WGN 2004/2: Critical Appraisal of Laparoscopic Bile Duct Exploration
		Unsuspected cystic or CBD stones were diagnosed by IOC in three of 138 patients.
		Cystic duct cholangiography is clearly better than cholecystocholangiography, and fluoroscopic imaging should be the standard for IOC.
		Inability to cannulate a narrow cystic duct is the main cause of failure.
	www.omge.org /publications/archive/2004_2/sci/sci3.htm (936 words)

	Cystic Fibrosis - healthinfochannel
		Cystic fibrosis (CF) is the most common fatal, inherited disease in the United States (see Incidence).
		CF is a genetic disease resulting from the inheritance of a defective autosomal recessive gene (see Genetics of Cystic Fibrosis).
		The defective gene that is responsible for causing cystic fibrosis is on chromosome 7.
	www.healthinfochannel.com /cf (1129 words)

	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal
		}} The cystic duct is the short duct that joins the gall bladder to the common bile duct.
		During a cholecystectomy, the cystic duct is clipped two or three times and a cut is made between the clips, freeing the gallbladder to be taken out.
		* - "The gallbladder and extrahepatic bile ducts."
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=cystic_duct (162 words)

	13 years of experience in olt: revalutation of residual cystic duct mucocele in the choledocho-choledocal anastomosis
		We evaluated retrospectively the incidence of the mucocele of the allograft cystic duct remnant in a series of 283 liver transplantations with a termino-terminal choledoco-choledocal anastomosis.
		The level of the junction between the cistic duct and the choledoco is variable: in many cases it descends along the common duct for a notable length before entering it.
		In livers with this alteration removed for transplantation, after performing homograft cholecystectomy, there is a double lumen common duct with a long cystic duct and the surgeon generally incorporates the cystic duct orifice into the suture line of the choledoco-choledocal anastomosis that may cause an obstruction.
	www.med.unibo.it /rad3/wfumb/mucocele (635 words)

	Percutaneous obliteration of the cystic duct with a holmium:yttrium- aluminum-garnet laser: results of in vitro and ...
		Percutaneous obliteration of the cystic duct with a holmium:yttrium- aluminum-garnet laser: results of in vitro and animal experiments -- Girard et al.
		Percutaneous obliteration of the cystic duct with a holmium:yttrium- aluminum-garnet laser: results of in vitro and animal experiments
		to determine the extent of cystic duct injury.
	www.ajronline.org /cgi/content/abstract/159/5/991 (344 words)

	ACS :: What Is Bile Duct Cancer?
		The major function of the bile duct is to transport bile to the small intestine where it aids in digesting food.
		The bile duct is a thin tube, about 4 to 5 inches long, that reaches from the liver to the small intestine.
		The least common type is bile duct cancer that develops at the part of the hepatic duct where the bile ducts have joined and are just leaving the liver.
	www.cancer.org /docroot/cri/content/cri_2_4_1x_what_is_bile_duct_cancer_69.asp (503 words)

	Common Duct Stones \| AHealthyMe.com
		Choledocholithiasis is the presence of gallstones within the common bile duct that leads into the first portion of the small intestine (the duodenum).
		It is usually caused by the passage of a stone from the gallbladder into the cystic duct, which is a tube that connects the gallbladder to the common bile duct.
		Gallstones are caused by an alteration in the chemical composition of bile.
	www.ahealthyme.com /topic/ductstones (1501 words)

	Gallbladder Diseases, Gallstones - radiologychannel
		These ducts join to form the common bile duct that passes toward the GI tract where the material needs to be delivered.
		One or two stones may move up into the duct that connects the gallbladder with the main bile duct, the cystic duct.
		If a small stone that formed inside the gallbladder gets stuck in the cystic duct with its valves and convolutions, bacteria may be trapped within the gallbladder, producing a serious infection.
	www.radiologychannel.net /gallbladder (598 words)

	Atypical Biliary Anatomy : Cystic duct arising from Parallel Common Bile Duct (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The cystic duct appeared to have a very high insertion close to the junction of the intra-hepatic ducts.
		However, to our surprise, a small cystic duct was found arising from the middle of a tubular structure which was separate from the CBD.
		A cystic duct arising from a ‘parallel’ common hepatic duct is truly rare.
	www.edu.rcsed.ac.uk /Case%20Presentations/CP76.htm (684 words)

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