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Topic: Cytokinesis

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	Cytoskeletal Dynamics During Cytokinesis
		Confocal images show that in urchin embryonic cells a distinct population of microtubule bundles, possibly originating in the asters, is associated with the leading edge of the furrow until the latest stages of cleavage.
		In short, we suspect that Rho signaling is at heart of the physiological mechanism by which the geometry of microtubules is coupled to the formation of the acto-myosin contractile ring.
		It it equally difficult to imagine that furrowing requires microtubules from adjacent asters to meet at the equator, because the other spindle pole is located nearly in the center of the cell, and astral microtubules from this pole barely reach the cortex anywhere until telophase.
	raven.zoology.washington.edu /celldynamics/research/cytokinesis/index.html (1773 words)

	Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute - Brill Lab - Cytokinesis
		Cytokinesis, the splitting of one cell into two, is achieved by the purse string-like constriction of an actomyosin-based contractile ring and its associated plasma membrane.
		Drosophila male germ cells undergoing meiotic cytokinesis are large and their cytology is well characterized, making them ideal for the study of this fundamental cellular process.
		A failure in cytokinesis during meiosis results in spermatids containing two or four haploid nuclei accompanied by an enlarged mitochondrial derivative.
	www.sickkids.on.ca /brilllab/custom/cytokinesis.asp (428 words)

	Cytokinesis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Cytokinesis is the final stage of eukaryotic cell division, which ensures the separation of the cytoplasm between daughter cells.
		At the final stage of cytokinesis, the contractile ring at the cleavage furrow disassembles, followed by the fusion of opposing plasma membranes and cell separation.
		On the other hand, overexpression of Rid markedly affects cytokinesis and produces a phenotype which is characterized by poorly regulated ingression, an elongated cleavage furrow, the appearance of ectopic furrows, and severe impairment of contractility.
	www.weizmann.ac.il /neurobiology/labs/lev/cytokinesis.html (347 words)

	The Cytokinetic Mafia: Movies of cytokinesis
		Cytokinesis looks different in all creatures yet it is always beautiful…
		Indicating the independence of the cytoplasmic clock from the mechanics of mitosis and cytokinesis.
		Notice both kinectochores of one chromosome were seemingly attached to the same pole at anaphase onset.
	www.bio.unc.edu /faculty/salmon/lab/mafia/mafiamovies.html (298 words)

	SparkNotes: Mitosis: Telophase and Cytokinesis
		The final two events of M phase are the re-forming of the nuclear envelope around the separated sister chromatids and the cleavage of the cell.
		Cytokinesis is the process in which the cell actually divides into two.
		In higher order plants, the cytokinesis process is slightly different because the cytoplasm splits with the formation of the cell wall.
	www.sparknotes.com /biology/cellreproduction/mitosis/section3.rhtml (365 words)

	Plant Cytokinesis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		In the former step, the nuclear DNA duplicates and chromosomes segregates equally between the two daughter nuclei; while the latter step is to divide these two nuclei and cytoplasm including related cytoplasmic organelles into two individual cells.
		Although the PPB disappears as the mitotic spindle is established, the memory of its placement is retained, and at cytokinesis the new cell plate is guided to fuse with the parent cell walls along the line delineated previously by PPB.
		Formation of a phragmoplast, which is parallel aligned microtubules and microfilaments at right angles to the forming cell plate, is to generate a guiding and supporting matrix for the deposition of new cell plate.
	www.hybtech.org /Liu/cytokinesis.html (1007 words)

	Larochelle Lab - Current Research
		We have recently identified the pats1 gene as a large open reading frame which is required for proper cytokinesis to take place in Dictyostelium cells in suspension culture.
		In both years we have isolated several such cell lines and are currently attempting to identify the gene disruptions in these cell lines that result in their cytokinesis-defective phenotype.
		Through the identification and characterization of additional genes required for cytokinesis we hope to shed some insight into the nature of how this important event is regulated in cells.
	www.clarku.edu /faculty/dlarochelle/website/currentresearchpage.htm (736 words)

	CELL DIVISION: BINARY FISSION AND MITOSIS
		Due to their increased numbers of chromosomes, organelles and complexity, eukaryote cell division is more complicated, although the same processes of replication, segregation, and cytokinesis still occur.
		Cytokinesis is the process of splitting the daughter cells apart.
		Whereas mitosis is the division of the nucleus, cytokinesis is the splitting of the cytoplasm and allocation of the golgi, plastids and cytoplasm into each new cell.
	www.emc.maricopa.edu /faculty/farabee/BIOBK/BioBookmito.html (1365 words)

	Endocytosis Resumes during Late Mitosis and Is Required for Cytokinesis -- Schweitzer et al. 280 (50): 41628 -- Journal ...
		Throughout cytokinesis, cells internalize dextran and transferrin in a similar manner.
		FITC-transferrin internalized late during cytokinesis is present mostly at the ingressed cleavage furrow whereas Texas Red-transferrin internalized earlier during cleavage furrow ingression is present at both the furrow and spindle poles of telophase cells (C).
		cytokinesis, endosomal vesicles are trafficked at the midbody
	www.jbc.org /cgi/content/full/280/50/41628 (4622 words)

	Cytokinesis
		Accumulation of coronin at polar regions of dividing cells.
		Cells expressing GFP-Coronin were observed as they were undergoing cytokinesis.
		Myosin heavy chain mutant expressing GFP-ABD undergoing cytokinesis on a surface.
	dictybase.org /Multimedia/cytokinesis/cytokinesis.htm (89 words)

	Cytokinesis in Coleochaete orbicularis (Charophyceae): an ancestral mechanism inherited by plants -- Cook 91 (3): 313 ...
		Cytokinesis in Coleochaete orbicularis (Charophyceae): an ancestral mechanism inherited by plants
		Brown R. Lemmon L. Graham 1994 Morphogenetic plastid migration and microtubule arrays in mitosis and cytokinesis in the green alga Coleochaete orbicularis.
		Marchant H. Pickett-Heaps 1973 Mitosis and cytokinesis in Coleochaete scutata.
	www.amjbot.org /cgi/content/full/91/3/313 (4474 words)

	A cytokinesis furrow is positioned by two consecutive signals : Nature (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The position of the cytokinesis furrow in a cell determines the relative sizes of its two daughter cells as well as the distribution of their contents.
		The cytokinesis furrow bisects the spindle midway between the microtubule asters, at the site of the microtubule-based midzone, producing two daughter cells.
		By spatially separating the spindle midzone from one of the asters using an ultraviolet laser, we show that the cytokinesis furrow is first positioned by a signal determined by microtubule asters, and then by a second signal that is derived from the spindle midzone.
	www.nature.com /doifinder/10.1038/nature03823 (334 words)

	cytokinesis - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Find newspaper and magazine articles plus images and maps related to "cytokinesis" at HighBeam.
		Reversible regression of cytokinesis induced by Ca2+ ionophore.
		Characterization of anastral, bipolar spindle development and atypical cytokinesis in ammonia-activated sea urchin eggs.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-x-cytokine.html (211 words)

	Essential role of citron kinase in cytokinesis of spermatogenic precursors -- Cunto et al. 115 (24): 4819 -- Journal of ...
		Essential role of citron kinase in cytokinesis of spermatogenic precursors -- Cunto et al.
		regulation of the cytokinesis endgame is a crucial aspect of spermatogenesis.
		cytokinesis of the basal spermatogonia and its expression is
	jcs.biologists.org /cgi/content/full/115/24/4819 (4657 words)

	Post-meiotic cytokinesis and pollen aperture pattern ontogeny: comparison of development in four species differing in ...
		Post-meiotic cytokinesis and pollen aperture pattern ontogeny: comparison of development in four species differing in aperture pattern -- Ressayre et al.
		Hülskamp M. Parekh P. Grini K. Schneitz I. Zimmermann R. Pruitt 1997 The STUD gene is required for male specific cytokinesis after telophase II of meiosis in Arabidopsis thaliana.
		Sampson F. 1969 Cytokinesis in pollen mother cells of angiosperms, with emphasis on Laurelia novae-zelandia (Monimiaceae).
	www.amjbot.org /cgi/content/full/92/4/576 (4167 words)

	Bni5p, a Septin-Interacting Protein, Is Required for Normal Septin Function and Cytokinesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae ...
		Bni5p, a Septin-Interacting Protein, Is Required for Normal Septin Function and Cytokinesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae -- Lee et al.
		Regulation of cytokinesis by the Elm1 protein kinase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
		Roles of Hof1p, Bni1p, Bnr1p, and Myo1p in cytokinesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
	mcb.asm.org /cgi/content/full/22/19/6906 (7262 words)

	Cytokinesis in Eukaryotes -- Guertin et al. 66 (2): 155 -- Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews
		Cytokinesis is the final event of the cell division cycle, and
		Kovar, D. R., Kuhn, J. R., Tichy, A. L., Pollard, T. The fission yeast cytokinesis formin Cdc12p is a barbed end actin filament capping protein gated by profilin.
		Gromley, A., Jurczyk, A., Sillibourne, J., Halilovic, E., Mogensen, M., Groisman, I., Blomberg, M., Doxsey, S. A novel human protein of the maternal centriole is required for the final stages of cytokinesis and entry into S phase.
	mmbr.asm.org /cgi/content/abstract/66/2/155 (1256 words)

	Cooperative interactions between the central spindle and the contractile ring during Drosophila cytokinesis -- ...
		In animal cells, cytokinesis is accomplished by the contractile ring, a transient structure containing actin and myosin II filaments that is anchored to the equatorial cortex.
		The dia locus is required for cytokinesis during both neuroblast mitosis and male meiosis.
		An involvement of chic in Drosophila cytokinesis was anticipated
	www.genesdev.org /cgi/content/full/12/3/396 (6593 words)

	Dissociation of Cytokinesis Initiation from Mitotic Control in a Eukaryote -- Kumar and Wang 5 (1): 92 -- Eukaryotic ...
		Cytokinesis is initiated only after mitotic exit in eukaryotes.
		Novel roles for the flagellum in cell morphogenesis and cytokinesis of trypanosomes.
		Evidence for novel cell cycle checkpoints in trypanosomes: kinetoplast segregation and cytokinesis in the absence of mitosis.
	ec.asm.org /cgi/content/full/5/1/92 (5956 words)

	The Identification of Pats1, a Novel Gene Locus Required for Cytokinesis in Dictyostelium discoideum -- Abysalh et al. ...
		Cytokinesis depends on the correct placement of the actomyosin ring at the cellular midbody to obtain proper nuclear segregation.
		Gerald, N., Damer, C.K., O'Halloran, T.J., and De Lozanne, A. Cytokinesis failure in clathrin-minus cells is caused by cleavage furrow instability.
		Zang, J.H., and Spudich, J.A. Myosin II localization during cytokinesis occurs by a mechanism that does not require its motor domain.
	www.molbiolcell.org /cgi/content/full/14/1/14 (5734 words)

	Polarized cytokinesis in vacuolate cells of Arabidopsis -- Cutler and Ehrhardt 99 (5): 2812 -- Proceedings of the ...
		The view of plant-cell cytokinesis commonly depicted in textbooks is of a symmetrical process, with the phragmoplast initiating
		One of the fundamental tasks of cell function is cytokinesis, the division of one cell into two or more daughters.
		The cell plate is anchored at the cortical face of the cell, and the phragmoplast is advancing directionally to the epidermal cell wall.
	www.pnas.org /cgi/content/full/99/5/2812 (4296 words)

	Saccharomyces cerevisiae Mob1p Is Required for Cytokinesis and Mitotic Exit -- Luca et al. 21 (20): 6972 -- Molecular ...
		Saccharomyces cerevisiae Mob1p Is Required for Cytokinesis and Mitotic Exit -- Luca et al.
		Schmidt, M. Survival and cytokinesis of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in the absence of chitin.
		Kaiser, B. K., Zimmerman, Z. A., Charbonneau, H., Jackson, P. Disruption of Centrosome Structure, Chromosome Segregation, and Cytokinesis by Misexpression of Human Cdc14A Phosphatase.
	mcb.asm.org /cgi/content/abstract/21/20/6972 (826 words)

	CAMB: Faculty: Erfei Bi Ph.D.
		Research in the Bi laboratory focuses on two fundamental problems in cell biology: establishment of cell polarity and control of cytokinesis using the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae as the model system.
		The septins are a family of GTP binding, filament forming proteins involved in cytokinesis and other processes.
		Comparative analysis of cytokinesis in multiple systems including budding yeast, fission yeast, and animal cells indicates that the major proteins involved in cytokinesis are conserved from yeast to mammals, although their organization into the functional machinery that drives cytokinesis and the associated regulatory mechanisms have species specific features.
	www.med.upenn.edu /camb/faculty/cbp/bi.html (622 words)

	Sullivan Lab Research - Cytokinesis
		During prophase and metaphase of the cortical syncytial divisions, thousands of cytokinesis furrows form simultaneously, encompassing each spindle.
		These furrows contain contractile rings that are structurally and compositionally equivalent to the contractile rings of conventional cytokinesis (both are tightly associated with the plasma membrane and contain the proteins actin, myosin, anillin, septin and formin).
		One advantage of studying cytokinesis in the early Drosophila embryo system is that it is amenable to molecular genetic, biochemical and cellular approaches.
	bio.research.ucsc.edu /people/sullivan/cytokinesis.html (340 words)

	Deconstructing cytokinesis - Nature Cell Biology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		In animal cells, cytokinesis is initiated by assembly and ingression of a cleavage furrow, the position of which is determined by signals from the anaphase spindle.
		Recent work highlights two specialized microtubule populations that may stimulate furrow assembly: inter-zonal microtubule bundles, and astral microtubules that are stabilized by proximity to chromosomes.
		Cdc37 is essential for chromosome segregation and cytokinesis in higher eukaryotes
	www.nature.com /doifinder/10.1038/ncb0903-773b (165 words)

	SCD1 is required for cell cytokinesis and polarized cell expansion in Arabidopsis thaliana -- Falbel et al. 130 (17): ...
		SCD1 is required for cell cytokinesis and polarized cell expansion in Arabidopsis thaliana -- Falbel et al.
		SCD1 is required for cell cytokinesis and polarized cell expansion in Arabidopsis thaliana
		that the scd1-1 phenotype is manifest during cytokinesis.
	dev.biologists.org /cgi/content/full/130/17/4011 (8167 words)

	The Clp1p/Flp1p phosphatase ensures completion of cytokinesis in response to minor perturbation of the cell division ...
		Cytokinesis is the stage in the cell cycle where barriers between
		Cells of the indicated genotype were cultured to exponential growth phase at 24°C, shifted to 32°C for 5 hours, fixed and then stained with aniline blue and DAPI to visualize cell wall/septa and nuclei respectively.
		Upon perturbation of the cytokinesis machinery Clp1p and the SIN function in a positive feedback loop to maintain the integrity of the actomyosin ring (see Discussion).
	jcs.biologists.org /cgi/content/full/117/17/3897 (7113 words)

	The Chang Lab: Cytokinesis
		Cell division is a fundamental cellular process about which is still poorly understood.
		Cytokinesis involves an actin-based contractile ring that squeezes the cell into two.
		We are interested in the questions of how the ring is assembled and how cell division plane are placed in the cell.
	cumicro2.cpmc.columbia.edu /fredchang/projects/cytokinesis.html (204 words)

	Mitosis - Cytokinesis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Cytokinesis is the division of the cytoplasm and the formation of two daughter cells.
		This process begins with the formation of a cleavage furrow.
		This process divides the cytoplasm and the organelles to form two daughter cells from one parent cell.
	wwwcsif.cs.ucdavis.edu /~tsaye/cytokinesis.html (69 words)

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