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Topic: Cytoplasmic membrane

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Teichoic acid

Peptidoglycan

Polypeptide

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	Isolation and chemical composition of the cytoplasmic membrane of the archaebacterium Methanospirillum hungatei -- ...
		Isolation and chemical composition of the cytoplasmic membrane of the archaebacterium Methanospirillum hungatei -- Sprott et al.
		Isolation and chemical composition of the cytoplasmic membrane of the archaebacterium Methanospirillum hungatei
		The cytoplasmic membrane of Methanospirillum hungatei was isolated from
	www.jbc.org /cgi/content/abstract/258/6/4026 (246 words)

	Molecular Expressions Cell Biology: Bacteria Cell Structure
		Cytoplasm - The cytoplasm, or protoplasm, of bacterial cells is where the functions for cell growth, metabolism, and replication are carried out.
		Cytoplasmic Membrane - A layer of phospholipids and proteins, called the cytoplasmic membrane, encloses the interior of the bacterium, regulating the flow of materials in and out of the cell.
		Membranes are highly organized and asymmetric having two sides, each side with a different surface and different functions.
	micro.magnet.fsu.edu /cells/bacteriacell.html (1605 words)

	Cell membrane - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The basic composition and structure of the plasma membrane is the same as that of the membranes that surround organelles and other subcellular compartments.
		The foundation is a phospholipid bilayer, and the membrane as a whole is often described as a 'fluid mosaic' - a two-dimensional fluid of freely diffusing lipids, dotted or embedded with proteins which may function as channels or transporters across the membrane, or as receptors.
		Passive transport is a means of moving different chemical substances across membranes through diffusion of hydrophobic (non polar) and small polar molecules, or facilitated diffusion of polar and ionic molecules, which relies on a transport protein to provide a channel or bind to specific molecules.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cytoplasmic_membrane (845 words)

	Cellular Membrane (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The cytoplasmic membrane is that area of the cell immediately surrounding the cytoplasm and is perhaps the most conserved structure in living cells.
		Most of them are placed in the membranes so that the hydrophobic amino acids associate with the lipids in the membrane and the hydrophilic amino acids are outside the membrane interacting with either the cytoplasm or the periplasm.
		The cytoplasmic membrane is stabilized by hydrophobic interactions between neighboring lipids and by hydrogen bonds between neighboring lipids.
	lecturer.ukdw.ac.id /dhira/BacterialStructure/MembraneGen.html (716 words)

	Prokaryotic Cell Structure: The Cytoplasmic Membrane
		While water molecules are small enough to pass between the phospholipids in the cytoplasmic membrane, their transport can be enhanced by water transporting transport proteins known as aquaporins (def).
		In this case, a substance is chemically altered during its transport across a membrane so that once inside, the cytoplasmic membrane becomes impermeable to that substance and it remains within the cell.
		A number of other functions are associated with the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane and associated proteins of a collection of cell division machinery known as the divisome.
	student.ccbcmd.edu /courses/bio141/lecguide/unit1/prostruct/cm.html (1981 words)

	Procaryote Cytoplasmic Organelles
		Basically the cytoplasm is a complex water solution full of biologically relevant molecules which is contained by the plasma membrane (which is also known as the cytoplasmic membrane).
		Bacterial ribosomes may be found free-floating in the cytoplasm or as membrane-bound structures.
		The latter is analogous to the ribosomes found on the eucaryote rough endoplasmic reticulum, and similarly involved in membrane and secreted protein synthesis.
	www.mansfield.ohio-state.edu /~sabedon/biol1083.htm (668 words)

	Eukaryotic Cell Structure: Cytoplasmic Membrane (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The cytoplasmic membrane (also called the plasma or cell membrane) in eukaryotic cells, as in prokaryotes, is a fluid phospholipid bilayer embedded with proteins and glycoproteins.
		Substances may cross the cytoplasmic membrane of eukaryotic cells by simple diffusion (def), osmosis (def), passive transport (def), active transport (def), endocytosis (def) and exocytosis (def).
		Electric potential is the difference in voltage across the cytoplasmic membrane as a result of ion concentration gradients and the selective movement of ions across membranes by ion pumps or through ion channels.
	www.cat.cc.md.us /courses/bio141/lecguide/unit2/eustruct/cmeu.html (1771 words)

	CHAPTER #3: BACTERIAL ARCHITECTURE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The cytoplasmic membrane is composed of a #PHOSPHOLIPID BILAYER in which are embedded the various proteins that control what goes in and out of a cell (Views of membranes and another view that can be manipulated and still another view that takes a lot of memory but shows much detail).
		Because the cytoplasmic membrane is a bilayer, the lipid molecules face each other, placing the phosphate groups on the outer edges of the cytoplasmic membrane.
		Some proteins span the membrane, while others are attached to only one side or the other, or to other proteins embedded in the cytoplasmic membrane.
	www.slic2.wsu.edu:82 /hurlbert/micro101/pages/Chap3.html (2277 words)

	[No title]
		1 ANCHORED IN THE MEMBRANE, WITH THE C-TERMINAL PROTUDING IN THE PERIPLASM.
		1 THE 40 KD PROTEIN-TYROSINE KINASE SYK IS CYTOPLASMIC, THE 72 KD SYK IS MEMBRANE-ASSOCIATED.
		SPANS THE ERYTHROCYTE MEMBRANE, AND IS ATTACHED TO THE UNDERLYING CYTOSKELETON.
	www.cs.cmu.edu /~biokb/CC6-sprot37.dat (9966 words)

	Protein Targeting to the Bacterial Cytoplasmic Membrane -- Fekkes and Driessen 63 (1): 161 -- Microbiology and ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		the membrane to bind a new preprotein in the cytosol (55).
		At the membrane, SRP is released from the preprotein in a GTP-dependent manner.
		Topology of the SRP receptor in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane.
	mmbr.asm.org /cgi/content/full/63/1/161 (8039 words)

	Single-Molecule Imaging of the H-Ras Membrane-Anchor Reveals Domains in the Cytoplasmic Leaflet of the Cell Membrane -- ...
		have focused on the exoplasmic leaflet of the plasma membrane,
		to the cytoplasmic leaflet of the plasma membrane.
		Transient confinement of a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored protein in the plasma membrane.
	www.biophysj.org /cgi/content/full/86/1/609 (4150 words)

	Patch Clamp Studies on Ion Pumps of the Cytoplasmic Membrane of Escherichia coli. FORMATION, PREPARATION, AND ...
		Membranes of the Provacuoles-- The giant protoplasts were lysed by osmotic shock (lowering the osmolarity).
		Because the provacuolar membranes have an everted orientation, the interior of the provacuoles corresponds to the periplasmic
		The peptidoglycan layer and the outer membrane are present outside of the periplasm in cells.
	www.jbc.org /cgi/content/full/273/27/16897 (5447 words)

	Three-dimensional reconstruction of cytoplasmic membrane networks in parietal cells -- Duman et al. 115 (6): 1251 -- ...
		that tubulovesicles are distinct from the canalicular membrane
		of cytoplasm not occupied by canaliculi and mitochondria.
		Numerous membrane profiles of H,K-ATPase-rich structures (arrowheads), most of which appear tubular and vesicular in thin section, are located in spaces between the mitochondria (m).
	jcs.biologists.org /cgi/content/full/115/6/1251 (4468 words)

	Eukaryotic Cell Structure: Cytoplasmic Membrane
		The cytoplasmic membrane (also called the plasma or cell membrane) in eukaryotic cells, as in prokaryotes, is a fluid phospholipid bilayer embedded with proteins and glycoproteins.
		Substances may cross the cytoplasmic membrane of eukaryotic cells by simple diffusion (def), osmosis (def), passive transport (def), active transport (def), endocytosis (def) and exocytosis (def).
		Electric potential is the difference in voltage across the cytoplasmic membrane as a result of ion concentration gradients and the selective movement of ions across membranes by ion pumps or through ion channels.
	student.ccbcmd.edu /~gkaiser/biotutorials/eustruct/cmeu.html (1650 words)

	Evolution of flagella - EvoWiki (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Obcells as proto-organisms: membrane heredity, lithophosphorylation, and the origins of the genetic code, the first cells, and photosynthesis.
		Therefore a symbiosis of membranes, replicators, and catalysts probably mediated the origin of the code and the transition from a nucleic acid world of independent molecular replicators to a nucleic acid/protein/lipid world of reproducing organisms.
		Membranes initially functioned as supramolecular structures to which different replicators attached and were selected as a higher-level reproductive unit: the proto-organism.
	wiki.cotch.net /index.php/Evolution_of_flagella (5842 words)

	Flexibility of the Cytoplasmic Domain of the Anion Exchange Protein, Band 3, in Human Erythrocytes -- Blackman et al. ...
		with ankyrin and, thereby, with the membrane skeleton.
		The membrane attachment protein for spectrin is associated with band 3 in human erythrocyte membranes.
		Anchorage of a band 3 population at the erythrocyte cytoplasmic membrane surface: protein rotational diffusion measurements.
	www.biophysj.org /cgi/content/full/81/6/3363 (7989 words)

	Precursor forms of penicillin-binding proteins 5 and 6 of E. coli cytoplasmic membrane
		The role of cleavable signal sequences in the insertion of proteins into the cytoplasmic membrane is not clear.
		Rothman and Lenard have proposed that the assembly of those integral membrane proteins that have a substantial extracytoplasmic domain (ectoproteins) occurs by a similar mechanism to that of secreted proteins, involving a cleavable signal sequence, but with complete secretion being prevented by a hydrophobic COOH−terminal region
		We show here that penicillin-binding proteins 5 and 6 of Escheri-chia coli are the first examples of cytoplasmic membrane proteins, encoded by bacteria, that are processed.
	www.nature.com /nature/journal/v293/n5830/abs/293307a0.html (330 words)

	YidC, an assembly site for polytopic Escherichia coli membrane proteins located in immediate proximity to the SecYE ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		He, S. and Fox, T.D. (1997) Membrane translocation of mitochondrially coded Cox2p: distinct requirements for export of N and C termini and dependence on the conserved protein Oxa1p.
		MacFarlane, J. and Müller, M. (1995) The functional integration of a polytopic membrane protein of Escherichia coli is dependent on the bacterial signal-recognition particle.
		SecYEG Proteoliposomes Catalyze the {Delta}{phi}-Dependent Membrane Insertion of FtsQ
	emboreports.npgjournals.com /cgi/content/full/2/8/709 (3850 words)

	Cytoplasmic Membrane Lipoprotein LppC of Streptococcus equisimilis Functions as an Acid Phosphatase -- Malke 64 (7): ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The function of the streptococcal cytoplasmic membrane lipoprotein, LppC, was identified with isogenic Streptococcus equisimilis
		The lppC gene of Streptococcus equisimilis encodes a lipoprotein that is homologous to the e (P4) outer membrane protein from Haemophilus influenzae.
		The e (P4) outer membrane protein of Haemophilus influenzae : biologic activity of anti- e serum and cloning and sequencing of the structural gene.
	aem.asm.org /cgi/content/full/64/7/2439 (2480 words)

	The Fusion-Related Hydrophobic Domain of Sendai F Protein Can Be Moved through the Cytoplasmic Membrane of Escherichia ...
		Recent work on a prokaryotic membrane protein, gene III protein (pIII) of coliphage f1, showed that polypeptide segments of sufficient hydrophobicity functioned to stop transfer of the polypeptide across the cell membrane: strings of 16 or more hydrophobic amino acids sufficed.
		As it is located on the exterior of the viral membrane, this sequence must be transferred across the host-cell membrane during synthesis.
		The F protein membrane anchor functions to stop transfer, conferring a membrane-spanning topology to the F-pIII hybrid protein; however, the FRHD is moved through the cytoplasmic membrane and derivatives carrying this sequence are secreted to the periplasm.
	www.pnas.org /cgi/content/short/83/14/5091 (331 words)

	Morphogenesis of Escherichia coli -- Nanninga 62 (1): 110 -- Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		of the cellular interior to the cytoplasmic membrane.
		The aim of this section is to introduce the structural embedding of the cytoplasmic membrane in a cellular framework.
		the ER membrane and the eukaryotic plasma membrane.
	mmbr.asm.org /cgi/content/full/62/1/110 (9121 words)

	Physics Today On The Web - Cover Story
		The outer membrane is made of polysaccharides and lipids, with the sugar chains pointing outward.
		This membrane is traversed by proteins involved in sensory transduction and in transporting materials and harvesting energy.
		Between the inner and outer membranes is a porous, gauzelike layer of peptidoglycan (polysaccharide chains cross-linked by peptides), which gives the cell its rigidity and cylindrical shape.
	www.aip.org /pt/jan00/berg.htm (4409 words)

	Mechanism of export of outer membrane lipoproteins through the cytoplasmic membrane in Escherichia coli. Binding of ...
		Mechanism of export of outer membrane lipoproteins through the cytoplasmic membrane in Escherichia coli.
		were localized in the cytoplasmic membrane when the outer and cytoplasmic
		membranes were separated after digestion by lysozyme of the peptidoglycan
	www.jbc.org /cgi/content/abstract/257/1/495 (313 words)

	A novel Sec-independent periplasmic protein translocation pathway in Escherichia coli -- Santini et al. 17 (1): 101 -- ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		cytoplasm is a prerequisite for the translocation of the TMAO
		occurs in the cytoplasm and is a prerequisite for translocation.
		of assembly of the outer membrane of Salmonella typhimurium.
	embojournal.npgjournals.com /cgi/content/full/17/1/101 (8242 words)

	Grapefruit Seed Extract
		According to studies, the activity of the active ingredient of grapefruit seed extract appears to develop in the cytoplasmic membrane of the microorganisms.
		The active ingredients of the extract disorganize the cytoplasmic membrane, thereby preventing the uptake of amino acids.
		And to complicate matters further, since viruses do not have a cell membrane of their own, how is it that GSE can act as a remedy as it does.
	www.pureliquidgold.com (1412 words)

	N-terminal Sequence and Distal Histidine Residues Are Responsible for pH-regulated Cytoplasmic Membrane Binding of ...
		N-terminal Sequence and Distal Histidine Residues Are Responsible for pH-regulated Cytoplasmic Membrane Binding of Human AMP Deaminase Isoform E -- Mahnke-Zizelman and Sabina 277 (45): 42654 -- Journal of Biological Chemistry
		Articles by Mahnke-Zizelman, D. Articles by Sabina, R. N-terminal Sequence and Distal Histidine Residues Are Responsible for pH-regulated Cytoplasmic Membrane Binding of Human AMP Deaminase Isoform E
		Mammalian AMP deaminase 3 (AMPD3) enzymes reportedly bind to intracellular membranes, plasma lipid vesicles, and artificial
	www.jbc.org /cgi/content/abstract/277/45/42654 (364 words)

	Microbiology :: Protein Targeting to the Bacterial Cytoplasmic Membrane :: Pharmaceutical Information and Articles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Proteins that perform their activity within the cytoplasmic membrane or outside this cell boundary must be targeted to the translocation site prior to their insertion and/or translocation.
		In bacteria, several targeting routes are known; the SecB- and the signal recognition particle-dependent pathways are the best characterized.
		After recognition and binding, the targeting factor delivers the protein to the translocation sites at the cytoplasmic membrane.
	www.pharmainfo.net /displayarticle2034.html (188 words)

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