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	Czernowitz - LoveToKnow 1911
		Czernowitz is a clean, pleasant town of recent date, and is the seat of the Greek Orthodox archbishop or metropolitan of Bukovina.
		The principal buildings include the Greek Orthodox cathedral, finished in 1864 after the model of the church of St Isaac at St Petersburg; the Armenian church, in a mixed Gothic and Renaissance style, consecrated in 1875; a handsome new Jesuit church, and a new synagogue in Moorish style, built in 1877.
		Czernowitz was at the time of the Austrian occupation (1775) an unimportant village.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Czernowitz (382 words)

	Czernowitz (Site not responding. Last check: )
		From 1786 to 1849 Czernowitz was the district centre of Bukovina in the Kingdom of Galicia of the Austrian Empire.
		From 1918 to 1940 Czernowitz was the capital of the Province of Bukovina in the Kingdom of Romania.
		From 1941 to 1944 Czernowitz was the capital of the Province of Bukovina in the Kingdom of Romania.
	www.hum.huji.ac.il /cja/Architecture/Czernowitz-Benjamin/Czernowitz-place.htm (1645 words)

	JewishEncyclopedia.com - CZERNOWITZ:
		Czernowitz was termed "village" in the official documents of 1775, and in 1816 it had a total population of 4,516 persons.
		In 1879 the Alliance Israélite of Vienna established at Czernowitz a center for the crownland of Bukowina.
		Czernowitz was at one time the home of a famous printing-press.
	www.jewishencyclopedia.com /view.jsp?artid=961&letter=C (395 words)

	Stories from Czernowitz
		Robert Rosner was born in Vienna in 1924 and emigrated to England in 1939.
		This is the story of Militta Seiler, born in Czernowitz in 1929 as told by herself in an inteview for the Centropa project (Witness
		Militta Seiler, born in Czernowitz in 1929 as told by herself in an inteview for the Centropa project (Witness to a Jewish Century).
	czernowitz.ehpes.com /stories/documents.htm (621 words)

	Stetl: A.Lichtblau & M.John - Lemberg and Czernowitz
		These statistics of language of everyday use were of enormous importance in the multiethnic Hapsburg state since they served as a measure of the "nationalist standard of living" and were incorporated as a standard in a wide variety of legislation.
		Thus, a significant amendment must be made to the impression left by statistics suggesting that three or four languages dominated among the populations of, respectively, Bukovina and Czernowitz — both figures must be increased by one to include Yiddish.
		For Czernowitz, this means that German would have to give up a portion of its leading share in favor of Yiddish.
	www.ibiblio.org /yiddish/Tshernovits/Lichtblau/CAPETOWN-20.html (1317 words)

	StattReisen Berlin: Studienreise: Czernowitz
		Czernowitz und die Bukowina, die ein Vierteljahrtausend zum Osmanischen Reich gehÃ¶rt hatten, fielen 1775 in Folge des russisch-tÃ¼rkischen Krieges an Ã—sterreich-Ungarn.
		Unter der K.u.K.-Herrschaft entwickelte sich Czernowitz rasch und wurde zum regionalen Zentrum ausgebaut.
		Abstecher ins "literarische Czernowitz": Celan, AuslÃ¤nder, von Rezzori)
	www.stattreisenberlin.de /studienreisen/czernowitz.html (457 words)

	Images of Czernowitz, Bukovina
		Bukowina, once the easternmost province of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, was proud of its capital, Czernowitz.
		This area near the main gate is accessible, but, due to overgrown shrubs, much of this very large cemetery is not.
		The Ark of the Temple in Czernowitz - elegant chandelier hangs nearby.
	www.shtetlinks.jewishgen.org /radauti/czernowitz.html (345 words)

	A Science Odyssey: People and Discoveries: Erwin Schrodinger
		During the war Hasenhörl was killed; in his acceptance speech for the Nobel Prize in 1933, Schrödinger remarked that without the war, it would have been his teacher Hasenhörl receiving the honor.
		As the war neared its end and he dared think ahead, Schrödinger looked forward to a post as a professor at the University of Czernowitz, but as war ended so did the Austro-Hungarian Empire, along with Schrödinger's opportunity at Czernowitz.
		He went back to his somewhat secondary post in Vienna, got married, and soon was offered a new position.
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/aso/databank/entries/bpschr.html (573 words)

	Dressed in a Naked Question Mark - December 6, 2006 - The New York Sun
		Ausländer came to New York in 1946 after somehow surviving the Nazi occupation of her homeland and she lived and worked here for almost 20 years.
		She had been born in Czernowitz (Bukovina) when it was still part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire.
		Paul Celan also came from Czernowitz; he and Ausländer became friends during their years in the ghetto.
	www.nysun.com /article/44657 (723 words)

	Der Wiener Lloyd » Blog Archive » TV-Tipp: Dieses Jahr in Czernowitz, Di 8.8. 22h45 ARD
		In Czernowitz lebten Menschen verschiedener Nationalitäten, Sprachen und Kulturen miteinander: Ukrainer, Rumänen, Deutsche, Huzulen.
		Mit Emigranten und Kindern von Emigranten kehrt „Dieses Jahr in Czernowitz“ dorthin zurück.
		This entry was posted on Tuesday, August 8, 2006 at 12:29 pm and is filed under Media.
	www.wienerlloyd.net /?p=747 (216 words)

	Dieses Jahr in Czernowitz \| Bayern 3 \| BR \| Filmdatenbank \| Film \| Bayern 3 \| BR
		Czernowitz liegt im Westen der Ukraine nahe der Grenze zu Rumänien.
		Mit diesen Emigranten und Kindern von Emigranten kehrt Dokumentarfilmer Volker Koepp nach Czernowitz, ihren früheren Heimatort, zurück.
		Czernowitz war ein Paradebeispiel für gelebte Toleranz und kulturelle Vielfalt: In den Kaffeehäusern lagen bis zu 100 Zeitungen aus ganz Europa aus.
	www.br-online.de /bayern3/film/filmdatenbank/kritik/czernowitz.xml (227 words)

	City of Chernivtsi Un-official Home Page (Site not responding. Last check: )
		In Czernowitz, there existed a synthesis of national conciousness and much higher, one might say, [pan-]European views.
		Here, in a multinational city, it has been proved that peoples could achieve greatness in the spirit of common culture, that communities of different tongues and denominations could be peacefully led towards a great common idea.
		The views and opinions expressed on this personal page and the related pages are of the author alone, and do not reflect those of any government, organization or individual directly or indirectly referenced on these pages.
	www.komkon.org /~sher/chern/chern.html (97 words)

	History of Jews in Bukowina [Volume II, page 27]
		In 1509, Czernowitz was plundered by the Polish Hetman Kaminetzky and in 1538 was likewise burned to ashes by a Polish army.
		According to statistics that were preserved, in 1871, 11 girls and 1 boy attended public school in Czernowitz, in 1875 it was 69 boys and 224 girls and in 1880, 229 boys and 541 girls.
		According to the census of 1880, there were 14,449 Jews in Czernowitz, in 1890, the number was 17,359, in 1900 the number rose to 21,586 and in 1910 to 28,613.
	www.jewishgen.org /yizkor/Bukowinabook/buk2_027.html (11059 words)

	chapter 4
		Borschow is not very far from Czernowitz in today's terms, only about 100 km, but in those days it may as well have been 100,000 km.
		But not far from Czernowitz, they were overrun by the Germans and he was taken prisoner.
		When the retreating German army was not far from Czernowitz, he deserted, abandoned his uniform, changed to civilian clothes and came to Czernowitz.
	migs.concordia.ca /memoirs/lecker/lecker_4.html (1793 words)

	Gegenbauer biography
		Czernowitz, on the upper Prut River in the Carpathian foothills, was at that time in the Austrian Empire but after World War I it was in Romania, then after 1944 it became Chernovtsy, Ukraine.
		Czernowitz University was founded in 1875 and Gegenbauer was the first professor of mathematics there.
		He remained in Czernowitz for three years before moving to the University of Innsbruck where he worked with Stolz.
	www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk /~history/Biographies/Gegenbauer.html (281 words)

	MOLODIA - The Rise and Fall of the Only Catholic Swabian Parish in Bukovina Norbert Gaschler, Pfarrer i. R. - ed. ... (Site not responding. Last check: )
		In Czernowitz the imperial reorganization was affected only in that through the decree of May 5, 1787 the incumbent Vice Superior Kekert was appointed as priest and deacon and at the end of March 1788 also took leave of his regiment, which resulted in having to set up new church registers for the new parish.
		When the state highway between Czernowitz to Sereth was constructed, they undertook the transport of gravel and until the completion of the railroad they handled the transportation of goods to Moldavia via the border town of Zuren.
		Czernowitz is merely a district in the great Soviet Union and has long since lost its former significance.
	www.bukovinasociety.org /gaschler-norbert-molodia-schwabenpfarrei-E.html (5484 words)

	Jewries in Galicia and Bukovina, in Lemberg and Czernowitz.
		In Czernowitz, the center of political and cultural affairs, the Jews, considered as a religious group, comprised a third of the population and were thus the largest religious group.
		Mayer Ebner, born in 1872 in Czernowitz, was the leading Zionist activist in Czernowitz and embodied the new mood of skepticism toward the potential for integration.
		For the first time, the effort was made to acknowledge Yiddish as a language of culture and not to disparagingly discredit it as a "jargon," as a "language of lesser value," as a "corrupt form of German" or as the language of the ghetto.
	www.sbg.ac.at /ges/people/lichtblau/cape.html (9641 words)

	[No title]
		Joseph Kissman (1889-1968) was one of the youngest participants in the Czernowitz Conference.
		Each nationality in Czernowitz owned a building that served as a cultural center for their community and as a sort of symbol of their presence.
		It may be fairly said that, for him, the Yiddish Language Conference in Czernowitz was the determining event of his youth.
	shakti.trincoll.edu /~mendele/vol08/vol08.048.txt (2677 words)

	BUCOVINE Czenowitz - BUCOVINE.com
		The Capital of the duchy of Bucovine which was Cernauti, Czernowitz, Tchernivtsy, and Chermivtsy: Capital Czernowitz of Bucovine resounds like that of a phantom in the European memory.
		Before becoming Ukrainian in 1945, Czernowitz was the capital of the ex-duchy of Bucovine, and then it was yielded by the Othoman ex-empire to the ex-empire Austria-Hungarian.
		Czernowitz becomes Cernauti and preserves its population interfered Jews (in majority), of Roumanians, Ruthènes and Germans.
	www.bucovine.com /en/pages/city/czernowitz.shtml (1338 words)

	The Morphing of Czernowitz - New York Times
		Czernowitz was a Hapsburg city until 1918, a Romanian city until 1938, a Soviet one after 1945, and today it is Chernivtsi in Ukraine.
		The title of the novel refers to the boar of ancient Kalydon, hunted by assembled heroes of ancient Greek mythology: Castor and Pollux, Jason and Theseus: ''They are the generation of Heracles.
		Their sons will destroy one another at Troy.'' Before radically shifting to the Jews of Czernowitz, Norfolk begins the novel by retelling the mythological drama of the boar.
	query.nytimes.com /gst/fullpage.html?res=9507E0DE173BF936A15752C1A9679C8B63 (532 words)

	\| Berlinale \| Archive \| Annual Archives \| 2004 \| Programme
		Czernowitz, an out-of-the-way city in the middle of Europe.
		Almost half of the population of Czernowitz, once amounting to 150,000 inhabitants, were Jews.
		Rosa Roth-Zuckermann and Mathias Zwilling were two of the last Jews who were born in the old Czernowitz and had survived the war and the camps in Transnistria and remained in their city.
	www.berlinale.de /en/archiv/jahresarchive/2004/02_programm_2004/02_Filmdatenblatt_2004_20041082.php (280 words)

	Literary Encyclopedia: Paul Celan
		Paul Celan (Paul Antschel) was born 23 November 1920 in the city of Czernowitz (Bukowina).
		The end of Celan’s youth is marked by the beginning of World War II and the entry in 1940 of the Red Army into Czernowitz, where Celan studied French literature (after having abandoned medicine) and learned Russian.
		After the Russians returned to Czernowitz, he worked briefly as an assistant in a psychiatric clinic and studied English at the university.
	www.litencyc.com /php/speople.php?rec=true&UID=802 (618 words)

	German Gymnastics and Sports in Bukovina - Bukowina: Heimat von Gestern. Erwin Massier, Josef Talsky and B. C. ...
		When the “German Soccer Club Czernowitz” was founded in 1903, there were only a small number of twenty to thirty enthusiasts interested in hiking, gymnastics and soccer as well as the carefree life in the outdoors as the goal and purpose of their leisure-time activity.
		It is therefore not incomprehensible that well-meaning initiatives for continuation, in particular for a revitalization of a regulated gymnastics life in Czernowitz, was nipped in the bud.
		If the history of the “TSV-Jahn Czernowitz be written, it must also contain a special chapter about “Franzi Guber.” “Franzi”—as he was generally called, was for many years the backbone, the driving strength and soul of the large German sports community in Czernowitz.
	www.bukovinasociety.org /heimat-von-gestern-das-deutsche-sportwesen-in-der-bukowina-e.html (3889 words)

	MAGS: EVENTS: PAUL CELAN: THE LIMITS OF LANGUAGE
		The poet Paul Celan was born Paul Antschel in 1920, in the city of Czernowitz, former capital of Bukovina, an autonomous Hapsburg province.
		In 1940, as a result of the Hitler-Stalin pact, Czernowitz was occupied first by Soviet troops then, with the collapse of the Pact, by German and Romanian forces.
		In 1944 northern Bukovina, including Czernowitz, was annexed by the Soviet army to the Ukraine, of which it still remains part.
	www2.ucsc.edu /mags/html/events/celan.html (954 words)

	Mythos Czernowitz
		We would like to inform you that we, Oksana Nakonechna (born in today’s Czernowitz) and Reinhold Czarny from Germany (descendant of Czernowitz), have collaborated on two productions about Czernowitz, the former capital of the Bukovina, a crown land of Austria-Hungary.
		Here we cover historic and cultural development from earlier times to the present as well as the most splendid sights from the city’s most significant historic period.
		Old Czernowitzers will feel at home and their descendants can experience the city as it was during their time of their ancestors, since in the film we have merged old photos and use former German street names.
	www.mythos-czernowitz.eu (425 words)

	Hersch Segal and Paul Celan (Site not responding. Last check: )
		In 1946, in an attempt to make Czernowitz "judenrein", Khrushchev (then First Secretary of the Ukraine) allowed Jews to emigrate to Romania, and we took advantage of this opening.
		Czernowitz - 120 years ago, in the middle of the last century the Jewish Czernowitz published books, among them the Hebrew Dictionary of Elijahu Levita, the renaissance man who 500 years ago laid the foundations of Yiddish; Czernowitz - with the Yiddish language International Conference of 1908;
		Czernowitz - the important Jewish-Yiddish center between the wars, the city chosen as home by Steinbarg and Manger.
	polyglot.lss.wisc.edu /german/celan/papers/segal.html (2517 words)

	Dartmouth News - Town's forgotten history revived by research of Guggenheim Fellowship winner Marianne Hirsch - 04/20/01
		Her parents, Lotte and Carl Hirsch, grew up in Czernowitz (now called Cernivtsi and located in modern-day Ukraine) before World War II and were married there inside the Jewish ghetto in 1941.
		However, fewer than half of Czernowitz's Jews survived the war, and many who did survive left the city.
		While the Hirschs were officially authorized to stay in the Czernowitz ghetto and later back in their own homes through much of the war, other families followed the retreating Soviet Army in 1941 to escape fascist rule and others were forced into labor camps.
	www.dartmouth.edu /~news/releases/2001/apr01/hirsch.html (987 words)

	Goethe-Institut Montreal - Film - 2005
		This is Volker Koepp’s latest film and second documentary telling the personal stories of Czernowitz’s inhabitants (the first being Mr.
		Volker Koepp now turns his attentions to Czernowitz’s exiles, returning there with some of these émigrés or their descendants.
		The most famous of his participants is American actor Harvey Keitel, who returns to this history-charged, but mostly forgotten city, which was once home to 150,000 inhabitants (including well-known author Paul Celan) various languages and cultures.
	www.goethe.de /ins/ca/mon/acv/flm/2005/en737377.htm (156 words)

	Bukovina
		Before WWI, the area was part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire and became known as Bukovina when it was taken from the Turks in 1775.
		Another database for Czernowitz Ober-Gymnasium is currently in progress.
		Czernowitz - The purpose of the site is to provide a collection point for
	jewishwebindex.com /bukovina.htm (1149 words)

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