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	Saving Private Ryan: DD Tank
		Based on the standard American M4 Sherman medium tank, the DD tank, so named for its "duplex drive," was modified to allow the vehicle to travel on water as well as land.
		The DD tank was used by ten tank battalions of British, Canadian and American forces during the Normandy landings on June 6th, 1944.
		DD Tanks were designed solely for the initial assault on June 6th, so it wouldn't make sense for any of them to be hitting the beaches three days after D-Day.
	www.sproe.com /t/tank-dd.html (635 words)

	Hobby
		The Sherman DD tank was devised as an amphibious tank that didn’t need to be brought to shore in a landing craft, reducing the risk of vital landing ships becoming easy targets during the initial phase of the landing.
		The Sherman DD tanks were designed to be released from the landing ships two miles off shore and swim to the landing beaches to arrive with or before the first waves of infantry.
		The Sherman DD tank was also used during Operation Dragoon when the south of France was invaded by the Allies on 15 August 1944.
	www.flamesofwar.com /?tabid=53&art_id=390 (1094 words)

	Combat HQ - Articles
		Tanks were used in mass for the breakthrough, in co-operation with aviation, infantry and artillery, pursuing their aims by operations and battles at a high tempo.
		Based on the tactical-technical characteristics of the T-26 light tank it was considered that, for the simultaneous overpowering of the enemy, it was necessary to have one tank per infantry machine-gun and two to three per anti-tank gun.
		Tank sub-units comprising the manoeuvre reserve of the combined-arms commander would frequently be used in combination with second-echelon units for the liquidation of the wedged-in enemy and thereby the restoration of the defence.
	www.combatmission.com /articles/soviet/sov_part2.asp (2188 words)

	DD tank - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The phrase is mostly used for the M4 Sherman medium tanks used by the Allies in the opening phases of the D-Day landings in 1944.
		The DD tanks were one of the many specialised assault vehicles, collectively known as Hobart's Funnies, derived to support the beach landings.
		Despite this, the DD tanks were one of several factors that contributed to the light American casualties on this beach.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/DD_tank (2156 words)

	DD tank at Decipedia.com — The simple online encyclopedia!
		The phrase is mostly used for the M4 Sherman medium tanks used by the Aliies in the opening phases of the D-Day landings in 1944.
		It has been speculated that if the DD tanks were better used, or if some of the other vehicles had been used, that American losses on the beaches of Normandy, particularly Omaha beach, would have been far less.
		By the end of the 1950s development of DD tanks had ceased, as main battle tanks were becoming too heavy to be practically made amphibious, although work on amphibious light tanks continued in China and several nations have produced amphibious vehicles other than tanks.
	www.decipedia.com /article/DD_tank (2009 words)

	Flamethrowers and DD tanks - FileFront Gaming Forums (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Actually the DD tanks lost on Omaha is belived to be attributed to the rough waters in that area.
		DD tanks largely made it to shore unscathed on every other beach without incident which is further proof of that.
		The reason so many DD tanks were lost on Omaha beach was due to the fact that they were launched too far from shore in seas that were too rough and they were swamped by waves and sunk before they even got in range.
	www.gamingforums.com /showthread.php?t=240723 (2210 words)

	Royal Dragoon Guards Museum and Regimental Association
		Swimming power was provided by small propellers at the stern, which could be engaged and disengaged by the driver, and thus the amphibious vehicle was known as a DD tank (Duplex Drive).
		Of course this new device had an obvious snag: should the screen be badly damaged “at sea”, the tank would assuredly plummet to the bottom, its crew trapped in conditions worse than a “subsmash”.
		Initial amphibious training was done with the Valentine tank (Infantry Tank Mark III), but in July 1943 the Regiment at last began to receive the AFVs with which they would fight the rest of die war.
	www.rdgmuseum.org.uk /DDtank.htm (654 words)

	D Day Tanks and countdown to 60th anniversary of D-Day from the Tank Museum Bovington
		Of those DD tanks from 741st destined for the eastern end of Omaha 29 launched at 5,000 yards from shore, of which 27 foundered in rough seas.
		B and C Squadrons, Sherwood Rangers launch DD tanks at 500 yards for a short swim to the beach.
		DD tanks of 10th Armoured Regiment (Fort Garry Horse) land on Nan Sector after a "wet wade".
	www.d-daytanks.org.uk /diary/june6.html (725 words)

	Tank
		Tank is a people dog, he doesn’t really care about other dogs, but loves people. Most of the time we think he’s a person in a berner suit. He’s the dog that you can see think and his thoughts are profound, more in depth then just, “I want food”.
		Tank has gone on to be a good draft dog and has all the available draft titles in the states and all but one in Canada.
		As it turned out Tank prefers to ride alone and the other dogs aren’t as excited to go with Tom as he is. Tom and Tank take a week long trip each summer and have been as far as North Dakota and back.
	www.brechbuhlerbmds.com /Tank.html (683 words)

	Courseulles-sur-Mer / Juno Beach
		The swimming tank idea arose when it was realised that the first waves of infantry that reached an invasion beach would be acutely vulnerable without the support of tanks.
		The DD tanks were one of the many specialised assault vehicles, collectively known as Hobart's Funnies, derived to support the beach landings.
		It has been speculated that if the DD tanks were better used, or if some of the other specialised vehicles had been used, that American losses on the beaches of Normandy, particularly Omaha beach, would have been far less.
	www.saak.nl /battlefieldtour/normandie1999/courseulles/courseulles.htm (396 words)

	Saving Private Ryan: 743rd Tank Battalion
		Company A of the 743rd Tank Battalion, commanded by Captain Vodra Phillips, consisted of 16 M4 Sherman tanks and 8 tankdozers (2 tanks and 1 tankdozer per LCT(A)) and was planned to land on Easy Green, Dog Red, Dog White and Dog Green sectors of Omaha Beach at H-5 Hour (6:25 a.m.).
		The DD Tanks were originally meant to be launched from their LCTs approximately 6,000 yards from the shore, but the rough waters off of Omaha Beach convinced Captain Ned Eldar to take the 743rd's tanks directly onto the beach.
		The 743rd Tank Battalion is not mentioned by name in the movie, but there are references to DD tanks that would have been from this unit.
	www.sproe.com /s/743rd-tank-battalion.html (429 words)

	SECRETS OF THE DEAD . D-Day . Clues and Evidence \| PBS
		As the tank moved forward, the bobbin laid down the carpet, providing a solid footing for the tank and other vehicles that followed.
		The front of his Sherman "flail" tank, also known as the "Crab," was outfitted with a 10-foot-long spinning cylinder to which 3-foot-long heavy chains were attached; the ends of the chains held fist-sized steel balls.
		As the tank crept forward, the chains were whipped around and slammed into the ground at a depth of several inches, detonating the buried mines.
	www.pbs.org /wnet/secrets/case_dday/clues.html (994 words)

	AmericanHeritage.com / POSTSCRIPTS TO HISTORY
		George C. Marshall had already approved the use of the DD Tank by the Americans, but because Eisenhower wanted to be sure this new weapon would be available in time, the day after the demonstration a special plane flew a British engineer with a complete set of blueprints to the United States.
		William Duncan, commandant of the DD Training School, and Lt. Dean Rockwell, the naval officer in charge of the DD Tank landing craft flotilla, issued official reports that the tanks could not withstand high seas and were very vulnerable to rough weather.
		Each member of the tank crew was issued a Mae West life vest, an air lung containing seven minutes of precious oxygen, a small rubber raft similar to those used by fliers, and a huge knife to cut through the seven-foot-high canvas collar.
	www.americanheritage.com /articles/magazine/ah/1987/4/1987_4_132.shtml (3310 words)

	SECRETS OF THE DEAD . Lesson Plan . What Floats Your Boats? \| PBS
		Because the existing boats that were required to transport tanks to shore had to be so large, they were too easily seen and attracted enemy fire.
		A new way was needed and the DD tank was born.
		Specialized tanks, known as Hobart "funnies", were created to confront the various obstacles.
	www.pbs.org /wnet/secrets/lessons/lp_dday_videos.html (271 words)

	Stone & Stone: Book Review (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Just as his tank took to the sea, however, the chains holding the door level to the waterline were shot away, preventing the other tanks from launching safely in deep-water conditions.
		Deciding to delay launching the tanks still aboard the LCT until it was closer to shore, the naval commander ordered the craft to steam past the survivors of Little's tank.
		In some cases, when the launching of the DD tanks began, Little was actually lifting some of his crewmen into their vehicles.
	www.sonic.net /~bstone/archives/040926.shtml (3923 words)

	::Duplex Drive Tank::
		The Duplex Drive (DD) tank was designed to be used at the D-Day landings.
		The Duplex Drive tank was meant to give the Allies mechanised armour on the beaches of Normandy - a weapon that would surprise the Germans defending the beaches there, who would have expected only troops in a beach landing as opposed to tanks.
		The DD tanks were the brainchild of Percy Hobart - a general brought back from retirement on the orders of Winston Churchill.
	www.historylearningsite.co.uk /duplex_drive.htm (493 words)

	Osprey New Vanguard Series
		The Sherman DD (Duplex Drive) tank was a brilliant innovation; the design and development of a tank that could float and even 'swim' in water was controversial.
		Each tank was enveloped in a waterproofed canvas screen, launched at sea from landing craft and then 'swam' to shore, where the screens were deflated, allowing the tanks to operate as fighting vehicles.
		The M4 Sherman tank was the mainstay of the Western allies between 1942 and 1945.
	www.hubhobbyshop.com /press3nv.htm (4060 words)

	Military.com Content
		Gary Potterfield, News Director of U.S. Navy Mediterranean News Service, is keeping Military.com informed about the progress in the effort to recover a sunken Sherman DD tank, which is sitting in 65 feet of water off the coast of Italy.
		The tank was part of the 753rd Tank Battalion, 7th Army, and was participating in training exercises of the coast of Italy.
		During the course of this training, it had the canvas screen (which allowed the tank to float) ripped by a projection on the ramp of its LCT (Landing Craft Tank); the tank sank and one crewman was drowned.
	www.military.com /Content/MoreContent/1,12044,NLtankrecovery,00.html (273 words)

	MOAA: Neptune’s Treasures
		Nonetheless, the order to launch was given, so Fitts, an assistant tank driver, and his fellow soldiers piloted their unwieldy vehicle off the bow of the tank landing craft and into the frigid waters of the English Channel about 6,000 yards from shore.
		Five DD tank personnel are known to have died at sea, pulled to the bottom of the English Channel by their sinking tanks or killed by hypothermia as they floated in the cold water.
		The water was extremely choppy and the tank’s crew struggled to keep their DD Sherman afloat as it launched from the bow of LCT 600.
	www.moaa.org /magazine/June2004/f_neptune.asp (2459 words)

	Teacher may have uncovered rare D-Day tank (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Sansalone began researching the odd-looking tank, which is called a Duplex Drive Sherman tank, and finally brought it to the attention of U.S. military authorities about a year ago.
		The “DD” is an amphibious Sherman tank, a piece of equipment that was intended to get regular Sherman tanks ashore during assault landings while presenting a minimal target, thus offering infantry troops who had al ready stormed ashore some protection against fixed fortifications on a beach.
		The amphibious tank apparently went down during an accident as troops trained in the Gulf of Salerno in July 1944, possibly in preparation for the invasion of southern France in August 1944.
	www.enquirer.com /editions/2000/06/06/loc_teacher_may_have.html (689 words)

	16th CT Invasion of France
		At H-1 hour 16 DD tanks from Company C, 741st Tank Battalion and 16 DD tanks from Company B, 741st Tank Battalion, 6000 yards from beach OMAHA, proceeded toward FOX GREEN and EASY RED, as prearranged, and touched down at H-5 minutes to take suitable firing positions close to the high water line.
		Of the 6 DD tanks that reached the beach, several were knocked out by enemy AT and artillery fire after firing a few rounds.
		The 6 DD tanks that reached the beach were landed dry by an LCT.
	www.warchronicle.com /16th_infantry/officialrecords_wwii/invasionfrance_s3.htm (2080 words)

	DD - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		DoorDarshan, the Indian national TV broadcaster is commonly known as DD in India.
		DD Media Group, international independent originator, producer and distributor of content and concepts for (interactive) television.
		The digraph Dd, which in Welsh is pronounced /ð/ (like the voiced "th" of "this").
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Dd (428 words)

	1944 continued
		The Americans steered in their "DD tanks" (dual-drive), which had a flotation device harnessed around the tank, allowing it to float.
		The others, used wisely by the British were the "Crocodile" (a flamethrower tank), the "Crab" (a minesweeper with flailing chains), the "Flying Dustbin" (a mortar tank) and the "Bobbin" (a tank that laid down artificial road).
		The DD tanks were supposed to precede the British landing, but strong currents slowed them down until they landed at 7:30 am.
	www.angelfire.com /ct/ww2europe/1944b.html (4226 words)

	Great Britain's Light Tanks
		Having a strong resemblance to the British Light Tank Mark IV of WW2 North Africa fame, the main difference was in the shape of the turret, and the suspension.
		The tank was used on a limited basis with airborne troops during the D Day invasion (1944) and the Rhine crossings (1945).
		This tank was built a bit on the heavy side of light tanks of the period as it came complete with a 37mm main gun and five.30cal machine guns (what other "light" tank can claim that).
	mailer.fsu.edu /~akirk/tanks/GreatBritain/BritishLightTanks.html (4014 words)

	The Tank Museum - Bovington - Library
		Being a suitably isolated spot, easy to seal off from the outside world, Fritton Lake was selected as the initial training ground for crew of the amphibious DD tanks who started to train there in 1943.
		Mr Jarvis has structured the book around the development and history of the DD tank rather than opting for the local history angle, although this is mentioned from time to time.
		Tank Museum information suggests that it is actually a device known as Hopper, developed later in the war in which a turretless DD tank was equipped with a folding ramp so that it could provide an exit way for DD gun tanks over difficult river banks.
	www.tankmuseum.co.uk /librarybookreview_1103.html (378 words)

	The Tank Museum - Bovington - Projects
		This is a detail from a painting by Charles Cundall R. showing Sherman DD tanks of 13th/18th Hussars launching on D-Day for the swim ashore.
		Also, in the foreground, the crew of a sunken tank splashing around in their rubber dinghy, which was a Royal Air Force type issued to the tanks.
		In this view of a 13th/18th DD moving inland a similar chequered panel seems to be draped over the folded screen, suggesting that the colours (blue and white on the painting) were not painted directly onto the screen itself.
	www.tankmuseum.co.uk /newspack_0905.html (271 words)

	Hobart
		If there were any mines in front of the tank, the chains would detonate the mines and there would be no damage to the tank.
		Two propellers were fitted to the rear of the tank to propel the tank in the water.
		The idea was that the Sherman DD tank (DD stood for Duplex Drive) would, with its screen up, drive into the sea from a landing craft about half a mile offshore (this is just a guess, I do not know the real distance) and, using the propellers, swim towards the shore.
	www.geocities.com /britsatwar/funnies.html (532 words)

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