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Topic: DNA virus

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DsDNA virus

List of viruses

RNA virus

RNA

DNA polymerase

Siphoviridae

Hepadnaviridae

Hantavirus

Virus

DNA

Herpesviridae

Myoviridae

Nucleic acid

Podoviridae

Herpesvirus

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	Hepatitis B virus - MicrobeWiki
		The virions of Hepatitis B virus are 42 nm in diameter and possess an isometric nucleocapsid, the core, of 27nm in diameter, surrounded by an outer coat approximately 4 nm thick.
		Virus particles that contain RNA or DNA at various stages of replication can be found in the bloodstream, suggesting that nucleic acid replication is not tightly controlled with the passage out of the cell.
		The virus does not normally infect the fetus but the baby is at risk of infection during birth.The risk of transmission to the fetus may reach 50-60%, though it varies from country to country and appears to be related to ethnic groups.
	microbewiki.kenyon.edu /mediawiki-1.6.6/index.php/Hepatitis_B_virus (2074 words)

	DNA Virus Replication
		DNA replication is bidirectional (There are two replication forks per circular DNA genome and replication involves leading/lagging strands, Okazaki fragments, DNA ligase, etc.).
		This process of DNA replication is very similar to that which occurs in the host cell - which is not surprising as the virus is using mainly host machinery except for the involvement of the T antigen.
		The fibers bind to a cell surface receptor and the virus is engulfed by endocytosis.
	pathmicro.med.sc.edu /mhunt/dna1.htm (3111 words)

	vaccinesalterdna
		Studies by Phillipe Anker and Maurice Stroun haveindicated spontaneous release of DNA material from mammalian cells, spontaneous transfer of DNA from bacteria to higher organisms, spontaneous transfer of DNA between cells of higher organisms, release of RNA by mammalian cells, and biological activity of released complexes containing RNA.
		When foreign DNA is transcribed into a cell of a different organism, "this general biological event is related to the uptake by cells of spontaneously released bacterial DNA, thus suggesting the existence of circulating DNA.
		When an RNA virus has the reverse transcriptase enzyme within its structure, it allows the virus to actually form strands of DNA which easily integrate with the DNA of the host cell which it infects.
	www.homestead.com /vonhapsburg/vaccinesalterdna.html (1420 words)

	Description of an as Yet Unclassified DNA Virus from Diseased Cyprinus carpio Species -- Hutoran et al. 79 (4): 1983 -- ...
		virus is a double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) molecule of 270 to 290
		CNGV DNA was cleaved with BamHI and EcoRI, and the fragments
		Infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) is a birnavirus.
	jvi.asm.org /cgi/content/full/79/4/1983 (4916 words)

	Hepatitis B Virus Overview's Chapter 1-3
		Hepatitis B is caused by the hepatitis B virus, the virus is very common in Asia, China, Philippines, China, Africa and the Middle east.
		Hepatitis B is a DNA Virus of the hepadnaviridae family of viruses.
		Tests for HBV DNA are not performed as a standard test and generally only used as indicators of disease progression, suitability for therapy and research purposes.
	www.hon.ch /Hepatitis/HBV_Chap1-3.html (2653 words)

	A Virus -- The Invader
		Usually, a virus consists of a strand or strands of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) or a strand or strands of RNA (ribonucleic acid), coated with a layer of protein.
		DNA is often called the "master molecule," or the "molecule of life." DNA is composed of four chemical building blocks, called nucleotides, which are like letters of the alphabet.
		The influenza (flu) virus, an RNA virus, is an example of a rapidly mutating virus which cause humans a lot of trouble.
	www.aproposinc.com /hap/virus.htm (1535 words)

	Bugs in the News - What the Heck is a Virus?
		A virus is not a bacterium, nor an independently-living organism.
		The virus uses the cell's machinery and some of the cell's enzymes to generate virus parts which are later assembled into thousands of new, mature, infectious virus which can leave the cell to infect other cells.
		A virus enters a cell by first attaching to a specific structure on the cell's surface via a specific structure on the virus surface.
	people.ku.edu /~jbrown/virus.html (1463 words)

	Hepadna Viral Family
		virus enters a liver cell via receptor-mediated endocytosis where it sheds its envelope and the viral DNA is released in the nucleus.
		Why the virus specifically target the liver is not fully understood, although the host's own immune response to the virus has been implicated in the localization of cell death and damage.
		The surface antigen as well as the DNA of the virus are thought to be transmitted through contact of the infected mother's blood with her child during birth (transplacental transmission is more difficult).
	www.stanford.edu /group/virus/hepadna (4980 words)

	Virus Genomes
		Some DNA virus genomes are complexed with cellular histones to form a chromatin-like structure inside the virus particle.
		The DNA is 'reeled in' by the phage head and when a complete genome has been incorporated, cleaved at a specific sequence by a phage-encoded endonuclease.
		The expression of virus genetic information is dependent on the structure of the genome of the particular virus concerned, but in every case, the genome must be recognized and expressed using the mechanisms of the host cell.
	www-micro.msb.le.ac.uk /109/genomes.html (2330 words)

	The Virus.
		Once the virus is attached to the cell, it can penetrate the membrane and enter the cell in a number of ways.
		The virus is assembled by having the coat protein form as a shell around the nucleic acid core.
		The concept that DNA begets RNA, which begets protein is so basic to biology that it has come to be known as the central dogma.
	www.herbs2000.com /h_menu/virus.htm (4168 words)

	CarlZimmer.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The genes for the most common proteins in virus shells, for example, turn out to be present in viruses that infect hosts in all three domains, suggesting that these genes originated in a virus that infected an ancestor of all three domains of cellular life.
		As scientists dissected the DNA that codes for enzymes used in replication, they found that the precise sequences in bacteria were radically different from those in archaea and eukaryotes.
		The discrepancy between the domains of life meant that DNA essential to survival had come from different sources or had been separated by a long period of evolutionary time.
	carlzimmer.com /articles/2006/articles_2006_forterre.html (2562 words)

	RNA virus - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		An RNA virus is a virus which belongs to either Group III, Group IV or Group V of the Baltimore classification system of classifying viruses.
		Retroviruses integrate a DNA intermediate of their RNA genome into the host genome, and therefore have a higher chance of correcting any mistakes in their genome thanks to the action of proof-reading DNA polymerases belonging to the host cell.
		Reverse transcriptase, a viral enzyme that comes from the virus itself after it is uncoated, converts the viral RNA into a complementary strand of DNA, which is copied to produce a double stranded molecule of viral DNA.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/RNA_virus (735 words)

	Types of Microbes: Viruses
		A virus is basically a tiny bundle of genetic material—either DNA or RNA—carried in a shell called the viral coat, or capsid, which is made up of bits of protein called capsomeres.
		Upon landing on an appropriate host cell, a virus gets its genetic material inside the cell either by tricking the host cell to pull it inside, like it would a nutrient molecule, or by fusing its viral coat with the host cell wall or membrane and releasing its genes inside.
		If a virus is a DNA virus, its genetic material then inserts itself into the host cell's DNA.
	www.microbeworld.org /microbes/virus/default.aspx (1359 words)

	Biological Diversity I
		A virus is a submicroscopic infectious particle composed of a protein coat and a nucleic acid core.
		The Papillomavirus is a DNA virus that causes warts.
		This new DNA is incorporated into the host DNA, where it transcribes new viral RNA genomes, as well as the RNA to synthesize new reverse transcriptase and protein capsules.
	www.emc.maricopa.edu /faculty/farabee/biobk/BioBookDiversity_1.html (682 words)

	DNA Replication III
		Our deepest understanding of eukaryotic DNA replication comes from studying a model replication system using the small DNA tumor virus SV40 (monkey cells are the host for SV40).
		This allows more extensive unwinding of the DNA mediated by the DNA helicase function of SV40 T antigen (T antigen is a 3'-to-5' helicase that tracks along the leading strand template).
		The cellular replication factor C (RFC) binds to the 3' end of the nascent DNA strand and loads proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and DNA polymerase delta (pol delta) on to the template, thereby replacing pol alpha.
	oregonstate.edu /instruction/bb492/lectures/DNAIII.html (1008 words)

	Medical Dictionary: DNA virus - WrongDiagnosis.com
		DNA virus : virus whose genome consists of DNA.
		DNA virus: Type of or association with medical condition Viral diseases.
		DNA virus: DNA virus is listed as a type of (or associated with) the following medical conditions in our database: Viral diseases
	www.wrongdiagnosis.com /medical/dna_virus.htm (342 words)

	Koshland Science Museum - Exhibit Summary Pg 3
		The use of DNA in Diagnosing Disease is explored, detailing how scientists search for mutated genes that pass misinformation from one generation to another.
		The use of DNA sequence analysis is also widespread in the field of criminal forensics.
		The various sources of DNA evidence are also detailed – from blood and tears to skin and hair.
	www.koshland-science-museum.org /media/exsumdna.jsp (623 words)

	DNA and RNA (Retrovirus) Tumor Viruses
		SV 40 is a monkey polyoma virus that causes sarcomas in juvenile hamsters.
		BK virus is an important cause of nephropathy and graft failure in immuno-suppressed renal transplant recipients and almost everyone in western countries has anti-BK virus antibodies by the age of 10.
		If the virus is to transform a cell, in addition to, or instead, of part of the gag/pol/env genome, it must have sequences that alter cellular DNA synthesis and provide the other functions that are typical of a transformed cell.
	pathmicro.med.sc.edu /lecture/RETRO.HTM (7566 words)

	Amazon.com: DNA Viruses: A Practical Approach: Books: Alan J. Cann (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		DNA Viruses: A Practical Approach groups together the major experimental methods currently employed to study DNA viruses, from the fundamentals of virus culture to novel techniques such as surface plasmon resonance spectrometry and realtime PCR analysis of drug resistance mutations in clinical isolates.
		Describes all the major experimental methods currently used to study DNA viruses, from the fundamentals of virus culture to novel techniques such as surface plasmon resonance spectrometry and real-time PCR analysis of drug resistance mutations.
		DNA Viruses: A Practical Approach describes in complete detail all of the major experimental methods currently employed to study DNA viruses, from the fundamentals of virus culture to novel techniques such as surface plasmon resonance spectrometry and real-time PCR analysis of drug resistance mutations.
	www.amazon.com /DNA-Viruses-Practical-Alan-Cann/dp/0199637180 (1056 words)

	DNA virus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		A DNA virus is a virus that has DNA as its genetic material and does not use an RNA intermediate during replication.
		Viruses that either RNA as their genetic material or use RNA intermediate during replication are called RNA viruses.
		DNA Viruses: A Practical Approach describes in complete detail all of the major experimental methods currently employed to study DNA viruses, from the fundamentals of virus culture to novel techniques such as surface plasmon resonance spectrometry and rea...
	www.freeglossary.com /DNA_virus (173 words)

	Alison McBride Ph.D., DNA Tumor Virus Section, Laboratory of Viral Diseases, NIAID, NIH
		These studies have provided detailed information about how the proteins interact with the viral DNA and with each other and how their activities are regulated within infected cells.
		The E2 transactivator protein is required for viral transcriptional regulation, DNA replication, and stable episomal maintenance of viral genomes.
		An acidic amphipathic helix in the Bovine Papillomavirus E2 protein is critical for DNA replication and interaction with the E1 protein.
	www3.niaid.nih.gov /labs/aboutlabs/lvd/dnaTumorVirusSection (601 words)

	Intracellular Chelation of Iron by Bipyridyl Inhibits DNA Virus Replication. RIBONUCLEOTIDE REDUCTASE MATURATION AS A ...
		Intracellular Chelation of Iron by Bipyridyl Inhibits DNA Virus Replication.
		Analysis of DNA Synthesis-- The protocol described by Condit and Motyczka was used (37).
		Bipyridyl Inhibits HSV-1 but Not VSV Infection-- Vaccinia is a large DNA virus that replicates in the cytoplasm.
	www.jbc.org /cgi/content/full/276/26/24301 (6815 words)

	Do-It-Yourself: Virus recreated from synthetic DNA: Science News Online, July 13, 2002
		In an experiment with implications for bioterrorism and the worldwide campaign to eradicate polio, scientists have used poliovirus' widely known genetic sequence to synthesize that virus from the building blocks of DNA and a broth of other chemicals.
		In the new work, described in an upcoming Science, Wimmer and his colleagues used common laboratory machines to synthesize DNA strands harboring the same protein-encoding instructions that a typical poliovirus carries.
		To distinguish any synthesized viruses from lab contaminants, the investigators introduced subtle changes into the virus' genetic code that didn't alter the proteins it encodes.
	www.sciencenews.org /20020713/fob8.asp (530 words)

	Viruses
		As fresh copies of phage DNA accumulate, other genes (the "late" genes) are transcribed and translated to form the proteins of the capsid (c).
		This virus, which can only grow in cells infected with adenovirus, shows great promise as a safe and effective vector for introducing therapeutic genes into human patients.
		That these cells still harbor the virus can be demonstrated by irradiating the cells with ultraviolet rays or treating them with certain chemicals.
	home.comcast.net /~john.kimball1/BiologyPages/V/Viruses.html (1649 words)

	Dr. Edward K. Wagner's Herpes Virus Research
		HSV initiates rounds of DNA replication at one or all of the three origins of replication (Ori 1, Ori 2, and Ori 3).
		The initial step of HSV DNA replication is denaturation of the DNA at the replication origin with origin binding protein (UL9).
		Long concatemeric strands of progeny DNA are encapsidated by the interaction of cleavage/packaging proteins with the specific packaging signals ("a" sequences) at the end of the viral genomes.
	darwin.bio.uci.edu /~faculty/wagner/dnarep.html (229 words)

	genemega.com Blood DNA/RNA Virus Purification
		Ultra-high recovery rate: Quantitatively purify viral RNA/DNA from low virus titer blood at 100 copies per mL blood.
		The measurement result of the purified virus DNA by real time PCR was shown in above figure (left).
		The result shows perfect linear between the virus DNA concentration and real time PCR measured cycle.
	www.genemega.com /index.php?cPath=5 (139 words)

	DNA virus definition - Medical Dictionary definitions of popular medical terms
		DNA virus: A virus in which the genetic material is DNA rather than RNA.
		The DNA may be either double- or single-stranded.
		Major groups of double-stranded DNA viruses (class I viruses) include the adenoviruses, the herpes viruses, and the poxviruses.
	www.medterms.com /script/main/art.asp?articlekey=12159 (104 words)

	Dr. Edward K. Wagner's Herpes Virus Research
		HSV is a nuclear replicating, icosahedral, enveloped DNA virus.
		Herpes simplex virus genome must enter the cell for the initiation of infection.
		Final release of the enveloped virion from the cell involves the virus being incorporated into exocytotic vesicles then released from the cell as free infectious virus.....
	darwin.bio.uci.edu /~faculty/wagner/movieindex.html (252 words)

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