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	Daniel Defoe Homepage and Biography on Bibliomania.com
		Daniel Defoe was born in London in 1660, the son of a butcher named James Foe.
		Defoe took part in Monmouth's rebellion and it was whilst in hiding after the Duke of Monmouth's execution that he noticed the name "Robinson Crusoe" in a churchyard, carved on a stone.
		Defoe's simple but effective prose style ensured him widespread popularity and he is seen as the father of the English Novel, as well as the first journalist of great individual merit.
	www.bibliomania.com /0/0/17 (551 words)

	Daniel Defoe - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Defoe's pamphleteering and political activities resulted in his arrest and placement in a pillory on July 31, 1703, principally on account of a pamphlet entitled "The Shortest Way with Dissenters", in which he ruthlessly satirised the High church Tories, purporting to argue for the extermination of dissenters.
		Daniel Defoe died on April 24 or 25, 1731 and was interred in Bunhill Fields, London.
		Defoe being a Presbyterian, who suffered in England for his convictions, was accepted as an adviser to the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland and committees of the Parliament of Scotland.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Daniel_Defoe (1961 words)

	Defoe, Daniel - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about Defoe, Daniel (Site not responding. Last check: )
		A portrait of the English writer Daniel Defoe, c.
		Defoe was born in London and educated for the Nonconformist ministry, but became a hosier.
		Defoe was bankrupted three times as a result of various business ventures, once for the then enormous amount of £17,000.
	encyclopedia.farlex.com /Defoe,+Daniel (369 words)

	Daniel Defoe Biography and Literary Works
		Defoe was born as the son of James Foe, a butcher of Stroke Newington, whose stubborn puritanism occasionally comes through Defoe's writing.
		Defoe was involved in Monmouth rebellion in 1685 against James II.
		Nobody was amused, Defoe was arrested in May 1703, but released in return for services as a pamphleteer and intelligence agent to Robert Harley, 1st Earl of Oxford, and the Tories.
	www.classicreader.com /author.php/aut.2 (1084 words)

	Defoe, Daniel. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		Defoe’s first important publication was An Essay upon Projects (1698), but it was not until the poem The True-born Englishman (1701), a defense of William III from his attackers, that he received any real fame.
		Defoe has been called the father of modern journalism; during his lifetime he was associated with 26 periodicals.
		Defoe’s great novels were not published under his name but as authentic memoirs, with the intention of gulling his readers into thinking his fictions true.
	www.bartleby.com /65/de/Defoe.html (554 words)

	Literary Encyclopedia: Daniel Defoe (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Defoe should have kept his head down, but in December 1702, he published “The Shortest Way with Dissenters”; in which he impersonates a Tory vicar who argues that the best way to deal with Dissenters is to hang the lot.
		Defoe was found guilty of seditious libel and again imprisoned, but the sentence was deferred, it is believed because he became a secret propagandist for the Whigs.
		In 1722 Defoe invested in lands near Colchester and projected numerous over-ambitious means of turning them to profit, but paid insufficient attention to the detail so that by 1724 he was again mired in financial difficulties and by 1729 was technically bankrupt, though probably supported to some degree by Daniel and Sophia.
	www.literaryencyclopedia.com /php/speople.php?rec=true&UID=5210 (2144 words)

	Daniel Defoe biography
		Daniel Defoe was born in 1660 to James Foe (note the spelling), a chandler in St. Giles, Cripplegate, London.
		Defoe trained for the ministry at Morton's Academy for Dissenters, but he never followed through on this plan, and instead worked briefly as a hosiery merchant before serving as a soldier for the king during Monmouth's Rebellion.
		Defoe is regarded as one of the founders of the English novel.
	www.britainexpress.com /History/bio/defoe.htm (361 words)

	Daniel Defoe - Books and Biography
		Daniel Defoe (1660-1731) was born as the son of Alice and James Foe.
		Defoe was involved in Monmouth rebellion in 1685 against James II.
		Defoe became a supporter of William, joining his army in 1688, and gaining a mercenary reputation because change of allegiance.
	www.readprint.com /author-27/Daniel-Defoe (442 words)

	Daniel Defoe
		Defoe's exposure in the pillory (July 29, 30, 31) was, however, rather a triumph than a punishment, for the populace took his side; and his Hymn to the Pillory, which he soon after published, is one of the best of his poetical works.
		Defoe was uniformly grateful to the minister, and his language respecting him is in curious variance with that generally used.
		Defoe declared that Lord Annesley was preparing the army in Ireland to join a Jacobite rebellion, and was indicted for libel; and prior to his trial (1715) he published an apologia entitled An Appeal to Honour and Justice, in which he defended his political conduct.
	www.nndb.com /people/759/000026681 (4661 words)

	GradeSaver: ClassicNote: Biography of Daniel Defoe
		He was born Daniel Foe to a family of Dissenters in the parish of St. Giles, Cripplegate, London; his exact birth date is unknown, but historians estimate that it was in the year 1659 or 1660.
		Defoe's education began in the Rev. James Fisher's school in Dorking, and later, at about the age of fourteen, he was enrolled in the Dissenting academy in Newington Green.
		Defoe's unstable fortunes, his extended visits abroad, and his absence while a fugitive from enemies and creditors would have tried the patience of the most patient, loving spouse.
	www.gradesaver.com /classicnotes/authors/about_daniel_defoe.html (908 words)

	UTEL: Daniel Defoe Page (Site not responding. Last check: )
		"Daniel Defoe (1660-1731) was born in London in 1660.
		Defoe was educated first at Dorking from 1671 and then at Morton's Academy for Dissenters in Newington Green; attending the latter with a view to becoming a Presbyterian Minister.
		Defoe's life was extremely varied, fighting briefly in the Duke of Monmouth's rebellion of 1685 he was also a strong supporter of William of Orange in the 'Glorious' Revolution three years later.
	www.library.utoronto.ca /utel/authors/defoed.html (311 words)

	Daniel Defoe
		Daniel Defoe was born as the son of Alice and James Foe.
		Defoe became a supporter of William, joining his army in 1688, and gaining a mercenary reputation because change of allegiance.
		Defoe's father had stayed with his older brother Henry in London during the Plague Year of 1665, and their experiences possibly provided material for A JOURNAL OF THE PLAGUE YEAR (1722).
	www.kirjasto.sci.fi /defoe.htm (1829 words)

	MSN Encarta - Daniel Defoe
		Daniel Defoe (1660?-1731), English novelist and journalist, whose work reflects his diverse experiences in many countries and in many walks of life.
		Defoe was born in London about 1660, the son of a candle merchant named Foe.
		Defoe wrote strongly in favor of union with Scotland, and his duties as secret agent may have entailed other activities on behalf of union, which was achieved in 1707.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761555676/Defoe_Daniel.html (653 words)

	Encyclopedia article on Daniel Defoe [EncycloZine] (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Daniel Defoe (1660 – April 21, 1731) was an English writer and journalist, who first gained fame for his novel Robinson Crusoe.
		Daniel Defoe died on April 21, 1731 and was interred in Bunhill Fields, London.
		Defoe being a Presbyterian, who suffered in England for his convictions, was accepted as an adviser to the Assembly of the Church and Parliamentary Committees.
	encyclozine.com /Daniel_Defoe (1510 words)

	Malaspina Great Books - Daniel Defoe (1660)
		Daniel Defoe (1660-1731) was an English pamphleteer,; journalist and novelist, at a time when the novel form was in its infancy in the English language, and can thus fairly be said to be one of its progenitors.
		Defoe's pamphleting and political activities resulted in his arrest and imprisonment in 1703,; but he was released early in return for his cooperation.
		Defoe suggests that the Spaniards had been "beasts" in their oppression of the Americas -- this is nothing more than the conventional wisdom of Defoe's day.
	www.malaspina.org /home.asp?topic=./search/details&lastpage=./search/results&ID=146 (1698 words)

	Daniel Dafoe (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Because his father was a Dissenter, Daniel was unable to attend such traditional and prestigious schools as Oxford and Cambridge; instead, he had to attend a Dissenting academy, where he studied science and the humanities, preparing to become a Presbyterian minister.
		Daniel recognized his independent, ambitious nature and wanted to be a part of the rapidly growing business world of London.
		Defoe was a staunch believer in religious freedom and, during the next three years, he published several pamphlets protesting against the king's policies.
	www.unbsj.ca /arts/english/jones/3205-04/websites/alan/bio.html (547 words)

	Biographies: Persons of Literature: The Classical Fiction Writers: Daniel Defoe (1660-1731).
		The son of a London butcher, Defoe was educated at a dissenting academy.
		It followed, that down through the years Defoe was in favour; but, in 1702, he was to run afoul of the governing authorities on account of his pamphlet, "The Shortest Way with the Dissenters".
		With the coming of the House of Hanover, in 1714, Defoe turned from his secret missions and the writing of pamphlets: he became a writer of "fiction." To the average soul, Defoe is now known for his work,
	www.blupete.com /Literature/Biographies/Literary/Defoe.htm (385 words)

	Daniel Defoe
		Daniel Defoe is perhaps best known for his novels, Robinson Crusoe and Moll Flanders, but he was also the quintessential "brilliant scoundrel" of the Augustan Age.
		In rough chronological order, Daniel Defoe was a hosier, soldier, wine merchant, factory owner, bankrupt, spy, pamphleteer, convict, journalist, editor, political flunkey, hack writer and novelist.
		As a trader and non-conformist, Defoe's produced several political and social commentaries hailing the dawn of the bourgeois-capitalist age.
	cepa.newschool.edu /het/profiles/defoe.htm (276 words)

	Daniel Defoe
		Daniel Defoe was a prolific writer (over 370 known publications) who could–and would–turn his hand to almost any topic; he has been called one of the greatest journalists and the father of journalism.
		Defoe's greatest work, by the general agreement of critics and the acclaim of readers throughout the world, is Robinson Crusoe.
		Defoe is discussed in three chapters–"The Newspaper and the Novel" by W.P. Trent ; "The Literature of Dissent, 1660-1760" by W.A. Shaw; and "Education" by J.W. Adamson.
	academic.brooklyn.cuny.edu /english/melani/novel_18c/defoe (778 words)

	A Paradoxical Genius
		Yet Defoe was also a devout Presbyterian, faithful husband, doting father, and genius of the first order, a man who invented both modern journalism and the modern novel in his furious forty—year career.
		Defoe's subsequent novels—Journal of the Plague Year, Moll Flanders, Roxana, and the rest—belong to the same shadowy genre of fiction passing as truth.
		Defoe ended his professional years as he began them, writing a string of curiosities that include General History of the Pirates (1726) and The Universal History of Apparitions (1729).
	www.catholiceducation.org /articles/arts/al0047.html (1597 words)

	Daniel Defoe - Biography and Works
		Daniel Defoe (1660-1731) English novelist, pamphleteer, and journalist, is most famous as the author of Robinson Crusoe (1719), a story of a man shipwrecked alone on an island.
		Defoe was born as the son of James Foe, a butcher of Stroke Newington.
		In the 1720s Defoe had ceased to be politically controversial in his writings, and he produced several historical works, a guide book and The Great Law Of Subordination Considered (1724), an examination of the treatment of servants.
	www.online-literature.com /defoe (620 words)

	Daniel Defoe (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Defoe was not the man to shrink with loathing from the companionship of thieves, highwaymen, forgers, coiners, and pirates.
		Defoe was thoroughly master of his subject; he had read every history that he could lay his hands on, and his connexion with King William had guided him to the mainsprings of political action, and fixed in his mind clear principles for England's foreign policy.
		Defoe was able to close this volume of the Review with expressions of delight at the attainment of the peace for which he had laboured, and, the victory, being gained and the battle over, to promise a return to the intermitted subject of Trade.
	www.blackmask.com /thatway/books171c/defbi.htm (16866 words)

	"Daniel Defoe: The Life and Strange, Surprising Adventures" [Book Review] (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Defoe relished the harsh world of late—seventeenth— and early—eighteenth—century business, when capitalism was coming of age; unfortunately, he had an uncanny knack for investing in projects that left him in ruins.
		Defoe’s prison term also gave one of his admirers—Robert Harley, Speaker of the House of Commons and a moderate Tory—a chance to intervene on his behalf.
		Soon enough Defoe was set free by edict of Queen Anne and enlisted as a spy for Her Majesty’s Government.
	www.firstthings.com /ftissues/ft9906/reviews/zaleski.html (1572 words)

	Daniel Defoe @ Catharton Authors (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Daniel Foe (he later added the 'De' himself, perhaps because of foreign ancestors) was born in London in 1660 to James Foe, who was possibly a butcher.
		Defoe's prose depiction of a shipwrecked sailor was based on the true adventures of Alexander Selkirk, a pirate who didn't feel very happy on board ship and deliberately stranded himself on a remote uninhabited island called Juan Fernandez (now of course known as Robinson Crusoe Island) off the coast of Chile.
		Daniel Defoe died on the 26th or 24th of April 1731, in Ropemakers Alley in Moorfields, now part of the London Borough of Hackney.
	www.catharton.com /authors/4.htm (803 words)

	Daniel Defoe, 1661?-1731: free web books, online
		Before settling down to his career as a political writer, Defoe had been engaged in various enterprises as a hosier, a merchant-adventurer to Spain and Portugal, and a brickmaker, all of which proved so unsuccessful that he had to fly from his creditors.
		Notwithstanding the disfavour with the government which these disasters implied, Defoe’s knowledge of commercial affairs and practical ability were recognised by his being sent in 1706 to Scotland to aid in the Union negotiations.
		All Defoe’s writings are distinguished by a clear, nervous style, and his works of fiction by a minute verisimilitude and naturalness of incident which has never been equalled except perhaps by Swift, whose genius his, in some other respects, resembled.
	etext.library.adelaide.edu.au /d/defoe/daniel (491 words)

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