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Topic: Danishmendids

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	ANATOLIAN HISTORY (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The sultan who took his place in 1156 was Kilicarslan II (1156-1192), after a struggle for the throne, resulting in the death of Kilicarslan’s brother and the defection of his younger brother to the Danishmendids near Ankara.
		During the subsequent confrontation between the Seljuks and Danishmendids, the Byzantines made an alliance with the Atabek of Mosul and marched on the Seljuk territories, only to be rebuffed by Kilicarslan himself.
		Erected by the Danishmendids in 1197, the Sivas Ulu Mosque is thought provoking with its written inscriptions and porcelain tiles found at the base of its minaret.
	www.traveltoturkiye.com /history.html (15081 words)

	Crusade of 1101 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		They planned to continue towards Konya, but the Lombards, whose rabble outnumbered all the other contingents, were determined to march north to Niksar where Bohemund I of Antioch was being held captive by the Danishmendids.
		The Turks harassed the crusaders for weeks, and a foraging party was destroyed in July near Kastamonu.
		However, the Seljuks, under Kilij Arslan I, realizing that disunity was the cause of his inability to stop the First Crusade, had now allied with both the Danishmendids and Ridwan of Aleppo.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Crusade_of_1101 (1282 words)

	Roman Emperors DIR John II Comnenus, Emperor of Cyprus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		John's sojourn in Byzantium was brief, for, despite illness, he needed to go to the rescue of Lopadium in Mysia (spring 1139), and the regions of the Sangarius river.
		He then proposed to march on Muhammad the Danishmendid's stronghold of Caesareia and Constantine Gabras, who held Trebizond, marching along the Pamphylian coast so as only to have one flank exposed to the enemy.
		After an initial reverse, trusting in his Latin knights, he turned the Danishmendids to flight and he was able to advance to Neocaesareia.
	www.roman-emperors.org /johncomn.htm (3157 words)

	The Seljuk Civilization (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The sultan who took his place in 1156 was Kiliçarslan II (1156-1192), after a struggle for the throne, resulting in the death of Kiliçarslan’s brother and the defection of his younger brother to the Danishmendids near Ankara.
		During the subsequent confrontation between the Seljuks and Danishmendids, the Byzantines made an alliance with the Atabek of Mosul and marched on the Seljuk territories, only to be rebuffed by Kiliçarslan himself.
		He also absorbed his brother’s territory around Ankara and Çankiri, and finally dissolved the Danishmendid state with the annexation of Sivas, Niksar and Tokat in 1178.
	www.homemadetravel.com /html/selcuk.htm (2206 words)

	Numismatic Articles
		When Danishmendid power in their areas was stopped, the control of the Rum Seljuqs was set up in the cities Malatya and Siwas.
		In 571AH/1175AD the lattest captured Siwas from the Danishmendid Imad al-din Dzun Nun (536-571AH/1142-1175AD) and along with Acqsaray in 582AH/1186AD returned the cities to the son Qutb al-din Malikshah II (536-571AH/1142-1175AD).
		Considering the Danishmendid coinage, it is necessary to pay an attention to the drawings and imitations.
	apps.heritagecoin.com /features/numisarticles.php?id=155 (12327 words)

	History of the Seljuks of Anatolia
		At the same time, the Danishmendids firmly established themselves in the region of Sivas and Amasya, and the Armenians, previous vassals to the Byzantines, took advantage of the situation to declare their independence to set up a separate state in southeast Anatolia.
		He reconquered Iznik, but was unable to make inroads against the Danishmendids, who continued to remain a perpetual thorn in the Seljuk side for years to come, save during their joint ventures against the Crusaders.
		At the death of the Danishmendid ruler in 1134, Mesud took advantage of the situation to reconquer cities and to struggle with the armies of the Second Crusade at Eskişehir, Denizli, and Antalya (1147-1148).
	www.turkishhan.org /history.htm (5302 words)

	Newsfax - Middle East - Turn 3
		The Danishmendids had watched recent events to the west with concern but, typically, they had stayed quiet for they had problems of their own.
		Of course, the Seljuks had long maintained a presence in their neighbours’ camp and were well aware of the problems afflicting the Danishmendids.
		His Majesty hunted out the local Shi’a population, not that there were many of them, and appointed their headmen and chieftains to rule the province in his name.
	www.lorne.plus.com /lords/lote42/archives/mideast_t3.html (10870 words)

	Lords 42 - Middle East
		Unlike most of the other Turkish polities, the Danishmendids have never feigned dependence on the Great Sultan but have pursued a vigorous and aggressive policy toward Christian and Muslim alike.
		Their power in the eastern part of Anatolia is very real despite the relative poverty and small size of their domain; the Danishmendids pose a genuine military threat to their neighbours
		The Burid Emir of Damascus, another of the Seljuk Sultan's theoretical vassals, is in a most unfortunate position jammed between the newly arrived Crusaders and the Shi'ite heretics of Egypt.
	www.lorne.plus.com /lords/lote42/archives/meast.htm (639 words)

	Chronological Timeline
		With the death of Malikshah the era of unified control of the Seljuq empire by one Sultan ends, and the khans of the Seljuq clan divide up the empire among themselves.
		1092-1107 In Iznik (Nicaea) after a six year lapse Qãlãch Arslan renews the authority of the Seljuqs of Rum in Anatolia, and defends his state against the Turkish Danishmendids in eastern Anatolia and with the Crusaders in the west.
		The deaths of the amir Badr al-Jamali and of the Fatimid caliph al-Mustansir begin the collapse of Fatimid authority.
	www.princeton.edu /~batke/itl/chron.html (6732 words)

	[No title]
		But its less exposed position made it more peaceful, and its trade with the East may have made it somewhat richer.
		During most of the period from 1075 to 1140 local magnates from the Gabras family were its virtual rulers, sometimes as Byzantine governors, sometimes as rebels allied with the Danishmendids.
		When Constantinople fell in April 1204, two grandsons of Andronicus I, Alexius and David Comnenus, were already conquering the Pontus with the help of their aunt, the Georgian queen Tamara.
	www.panix.com /~vjp2/byzhst.txt (15772 words)

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