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Topic: Daphne class submarine

	Submarines
		This vessel marked a great advance in that she was driven by a compressed air engine, but it was not until the 1880's with the design of the Gymnote submarine, a single hull steel submarine boat designed by Gustave Zede, that a useful weapon was made of the submarines.
		The Gymnote was modernized in 1898 with a raised conning tower and a Sautter-Harle 90 hp engine she sank in dock at Toulon on the 19th June 1907 and was re floated.
		This class was the first French submarines to be fitted with gun armament with the Topaze and Turquoise fitted with a 37mm gun.
	www.battleships-cruisers.co.uk /submarines2.htm (1109 words)

	Encyclopedia: Pakistan Navy
		Despite the isolated incidents including the sinking of an Indian frigate INS Khuriki by the submarine PNS Hangor, the Navy was largely overrun.
		The PNS Hangor is a Pakistani Daphne class submarine, which during the 1971 Indo-Pakistani War made the first and was the only submarine kill since World War II, when it sunk the Indian frigate INS Khukri until a British submarine sank an Argentinian warship during the Falklands War.
		PNS Ghazi, the flagship submarine of Pakistan Navy until it was sunk in 1971.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Pakistan-Navy (2207 words)

	Ula class submarine -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Ula class (A submersible warship usually armed with torpedoes) submarines are a (A Scandinavian language that is spoken in Norway) Norwegian military submersible design, stemming from a 1972 decision to modernize the submarine fleet of the Norwegian navy.
		The Ula Class submarines are some of the most quiet submarines in the world.
		During Joint Winter (NATO exercise), the submarine KNM Utvær was disqualified because it kept an invasion at bay, and the command wanted the land based field operations to take place.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/U/Ul/Ula_class_submarine.htm (129 words)

	Navy to float submarine museum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The SAS Assegaai, formerly the SAS Johanna van der Merwe, was one of three Daphne class submarines acquired from France between 1970 and 1972, and which became the first and so far the only submarines to serve in the South African Navy.
		The three boats made up the submarine flotilla and were extensively refitted to maintain operational effectiveness and seaworthiness, with at least one submarine participating in clandestine operations during the Angola conflict in the 1970s.
		This was the case with the crews training for the navy's new submarines, a German-built Class 209 Type 1400 MOD diesel-electronic submarine acquired as part of the multi-billion rand arms deal.
	www.sundaytimes.co.za /zones/sundaytimesNEW/topstories/topstories1114778023.aspx (686 words)

	Class Notes
		Classes celebrate Reunion every five years, from the date of graduation, but the Alumni Office reminds everyone that Reunion is open to all Bucknell alumni.
		We had set a goal of $39,000 for our class gift to the University, and Pete was pleased to announce to the general assembly that the Class of `39 made the largest gift of any class, (outside of the 50th) $402,978.15.
		When we arrived, members of the Class of `39 were presented with bright orange T-shirts with the motto of "Shake, Rattle and Roll" and the straw hat, which we wore for Convocation.
	www.departments.bucknell.edu /communications/BucknellWorld/1994-09/classnotes.html (20358 words)

	Naval Institute Proceedings Magazine: World Navies in Review, by A. D. Baker III
		Both classes would be capable of carrying two helicopters and up to seven weapon or sensor modules, and all six would be rapidly adaptable as minelayers.
		Norway: With a new submarine program still in the concept stage (it would be produced in cooperation with Sweden and Denmark), the Royal Norwegian Navy is concentrating on a new class of six 3,700-ton frigates scheduled to begin entering service around 2005 as replacements for the remaining four 1960s-vintage Oslo-class frigates.
		Aside from Kilo-class submarines, of which seven have been ordered for export since 1991—three to Iran, three to China (the third of which was awaiting delivery as deck cargo at the end of 1997), and one to India (with a second possibly to follow)—Russia has had scant success in foreign naval sales.
	www.usni.org /Proceedings/Articles98/PRObakereurope98.htm (4303 words)

	Benedict (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Modern conventional submarines employing antiship torpedoes, mines, and cruise missiles are difficult to counter in adverse littoral environments and are capable of inflicting significant damage to U.S./allied forces.
		Current tourist submarines have limited submerged endurance (some ten hours), but a craft of that type carrying up to five tons of explosives could be deployed from a mother ship on a one-way, possibly suicide, mission.
		The component surface combatant, submarine, aircraft carrier, and fixed-wing aircraft force levels for 1945, 1955, 1970, 1985, 1995, 2005, and 2015 were derived from multiple sources, including Jane’s Fighting Ships for the appropriate years (albeit for 1945 a variety of World War II source materials were used), as well as Jane’s All the World’s Aircraft.
	www.nwc.navy.mil /press/Review/2005/spring/art4-sp05.htm (10609 words)

	Hangor Class (Fr Daphn
		PN Submarine HANGOR sailed in the early hours of 22 November 1971 to patrol off the Indian Kathiawar coast under the command of Commander Ahmed Tasnim S.J. On 9 Dec, in an effort to locate the evasive enemy, HANGOR extended her patrol northward to investigate some radio transmissions intercepted on her sensors.
		The submarine however managed to forecast target ships movement and succeeded in taking up a tactically advantageous position on the path of the patrolling frigates by 1900.
		A distant explosion was heard subsequently and the submarine turned west towards deeper waters for evasion.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/world/pakistan/hangor.htm (383 words)

	BHARAT RAKSHAK MONITOR: Volume 4(3)
		The deal for the submarines was signed on 25 February, 1966 and was funded by the United States.
		Although, the odds were heavily in favor of the submarine, the Indian navy refused to let it threaten them at their doorstep and the operation was commenced South of Kathiwar in Gujarat on December 9.
		Kirpan was faced with a dilemma -should she immediately lower her boats and rescue the survivors of the Khukri which would leave her vulnerable to the submarine or should she leave the area, repair her defective mortars and return with an additional ship to commence the rescue and hunting operations.
	www.bharat-rakshak.com /MONITOR/ISSUE4-3/harry.html (1798 words)

	Last submarine decommissioned today (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The last surviving South African Navy submarine, SAS Assegaai (S99), was due to be decommissioned today (Friday, 28 November 2003) at a ceremony at the Simon’s Town Naval Base.
		SAS Assegaai, formerly SAS Johanna van der Merwe, was one of three Daphne class submarines acquired from France in 19700/71, which became the first and thus far the only submarines to serve in the South African Navy.
		At least one submarine participated in clandestine operations during the Angola conflict in the 1970s.
	www.ports.co.za /navalnews/article_2003_11_28_5019.html (161 words)

	Brief History of Submarine Construction in Pakistan
		Subsequently 03 newly constructed Daphne class conventional submarine were acquired from DCN France in the year 1968-70.
		The decision for major overhauling of submarines in PN Dockyard proved to be a turning point in the history of submarine force.
		This rich experience of submarine maintenance coupled with special repairs of pressure hulls of PNSM HANGOR and PNS/M SHUSHUK in 1991-92 and naval construction experience of midget submarines, PNS LARKANA, and auxiliary crafts raised the confidence level of the decision makers to embed the elements of transfer of technology in the acquisition of future submarines.
	www.pakpost.gov.pk /philately/stamps2003/submarine_construction.html (665 words)

	Daily Excelsior... Editorial
		Though submarines were included in the very first naval plan presented by Admiral Hall in 1947-48 itself, the request was always turned down by the British who had a near monopoly over the transfer of naval equipment to India.
		Unlike other conventional submarines, submarines using this type of power plant do not have to come near the surface (snorkeling) to operate their power plant.
		Submarines, despite the enhance sophistication in antisubmarine warfare (ASW), are still the most difficult of the three to detect and destroy.
	www.dailyexcelsior.com /01feb24/edit.htm (4991 words)

	Galateé / Maria van Riebeeck (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		On the night of 20 August, 1970, the South African diesel-electric submarine Maria van Riebeeck (South Africa's first submarine) was returning to the French port of Toulon on the surface.
		A submarine on the surface is very difficult to detect at night, especially from another submarine.
		It is conceivable that, had the Maria van Riebeeck not manuevered and slowed down, she might have struck Galateé at close to a 90 º angle.
	www.lostsubs.com /Galatee-MVR.htm (481 words)

	Defence Journal - Septemeber 2006
		These submarines by virtue of their stealth, sustained endurance and lethality, are considered to be one of the most potent fighting platforms at sea.
		In 1969-70, Pakistan Navy acquired 3 DAPHNE class submarines from France.
		Later in 1975, another DAPHNE class submarine and in 1980-81, 2 AGOSTA 70 class submarine were acquired.
	www.defencejournal.com /2006-9/index.asp (809 words)

	Nuclear-powered Sub docks in Face of Earthlife Protests [Cape Times, 2002-07-18]
		Hendricks said that, when the submarine leaves port on July 22, she might engage in navy exercises with the SAS Assegaai, a Daphne Class submarine.
		Harper added that the submarine was carrying no nuclear warheads as the British government had decided that only Trident class submarines should be so armed.
		The submarine, which will not be open to the public, appeared to be in a state of disrepair when she docked yesterday, with slabs of what appeared to be tiling falling off the vessel in large patches.
	www.armsdeal-vpo.co.za /articles02/nuclear-powered.html (503 words)

	Photos of Simon's Town Naval Museum, South Africa, April 2003 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		A minehunter, one of the Daphne class submarines, and a strike craft can be seen here, plus at one stage a harbour patrol boat (I belive a dual-hull design designed at Stellenbosch university based on German designs).
		The interior of the museum is filled with exhibits ranging from models and paintings to clothing, various utensils and historical artifacts from the surrounding area.
		The last frigates operated by South Africa, and in fact owned by the SA Navy, were three Rothesay class frigates known as the President class (President Kruger, President Stein and President).
	www.kurasc.kyoto-u.ac.jp /radar-group/members/gernot/sa2003/naval.htm (721 words)

	Historique
		JUNON, DAPHNE class attack submarine, is the eight french warship named.
		The sixth JUNON is a mix frigate lauch in 1861 and scrapped eight years later.
		Coastal submarine from the class MINERVE the seventh JUNON served during World war two in free french forces.
	sousmarinjunon.ifrance.com /page42.html (195 words)

	Danish Navy
		DYKKEREN submarine Displacement: 105t/132t Armament: 2-457mm TT (bow) Complement: 9
		HAVMANDEN class submarines Displacement: 164t/204t Armament: 2-457mm TT (bow), 1-8mm MG Complement: 10 (later 14)
		ROTA (or C) class submarines Displacement: 301t/369t Armament: 4-457mm TT (3 bow, 1 stern), 1-57mm AA Complement: 17
	www.battleships-cruisers.co.uk /danish_navy.htm (965 words)

	The Hindu : Navy and sub-surface warfare
		The first submarine, the Foxtrot-class Soviet submarine, INS Kalvari, was commissioned on December 8, 1967, at Riga in USSR.
		Submarines, despite the enhanced sophistication in anti- submarine warfare (ASW), are still the most difficult of the three to detect and destroy.
		The missile remaining almost similar, it is much easier and safer for submarines to approach the target undetected and launch the attack from a relatively safe distance of 100 km and more.
	www.hinduonnet.com /2000/12/05/stories/13050921.htm (1557 words)

	Valuable lessons for South Africa - Jane's Naval Forces (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The captain of the Daphne-class submarine SAS Assegaai found the German task group a real challenge: "This was the first time the other force was really determined to find and kill the submarine.
		These exercises were conducted within the framework of an operation to move a convoy past a hostile country that had surface vessels, submarines, shore-based anti-ship missiles and fighter aircraft with which to contest the passage.
		The opposing force comprised the submarine SAS Assegaai and three strike craft (SAS Isaak Dyobha, Adam Kok and Shaka), supported by Impala 2 light attack aircraft and Cheetah C fighters.
	www.janes.com /defence/naval_forces/news/jni/jni000622_1_n.shtml (1710 words)

	Daphne Class SSK (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Built in the 50's through the 60's and 70's, the Daphne is a common SSK throughout the world.
		A simple conventional layout, the Daphne is a standard submarine, save the four aft torpedo tubes, which means that is is deadly both during its attack, and its retreat.
		Built in the early 70's, the Agosta Class SSK is a versatile and capable diesel electric submarine.
	www.twilightarmouries.ca /Ships/Submarines/Daphne.htm (144 words)

	Submarines from Foreign Countries
		Amazon.com is pleased to have [Ron Martini's Navy Submarine Base] in the family of Amazon.com associates.
		The Kilo class boat is name the Lorzei (Eagle) and was built in 86 with a hull number of 291.
		Work on newer follow-up to Akula Class and info on the two Akula II's, activities on all phases of submarine construction and some information on Russian shipyards, their locations and what current activities are taking place.
	www.rontini.com /foreign.html (683 words)

	Hangor Class SSK (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Built in the 50's through the 60's and 70's, the Hangor is a Daphne class submarine built to export.
		A simple conventional layout, the Hangor is a standard submarine, save the four aft torpedo tubes, which means that is is deadly both during its attack, and its retreat.
		Built in the early 70's, the Hashmat Class SSK is a versatile and capable diesel electric submarine.
	www.twilightarmouries.ca /Ships/Submarines/pakistan.htm (138 words)

	naval Richards Bay
		Nine naval ships and a Daphne class submarine SAS ASSEGAAI will operate as a Task Group under the command of a Task Group Commander.
		The SAS OUTENIQUA will be alongside in Richards Bay harbour on 9 June and she will sail again on 10 June to participate in the exercises.
		The Task Group, except the submarine SAS ASSEGAAI will be alongside in Richards Bay harbour on 14 June and will berth at General Cargo Wall.
	www.ports.co.za /navalnews/article_2003_06_2_3418.html (292 words)

	Ecuador Travel and Tours - Peru Tours - Galapagos Islands Cruises
		Daphne island can offer an endemic tree The Palo Santo, Bursera Malacophylla is endemic to the islands of Daphne, North Seymour and Baltra.
		It is also possible to see tropic birds that nests within the cavities of the cliffs, where they are protected from the frigate birds that harass them.
		Located slightly to the north of Baltra, North Seymour is a low, flat island, formed as a result of the uplift of a submarine lava formation.
	www.galapagosislandscruises.net /about-galapagos-islands.html (1589 words)

	Defence Talk - Defence Forum - A really nice account of Pak Navy's psycological hold over Indian Navy. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Perhaps the most significant lesson is that Pakistan has demonstrated that a few submarines, boldly and imaginatively deployed are capable of inflicting damage and disruption far in excess of their capital costs.
		The Pakistanis, having learnt that INS Vikrant was positioned in the Bay of Bengal, dispatched one of their submarines, PNS Ghazi, to the east.
		However, on the night of 9 December, the Indian frigate Khukri was torpedoed and sunk by the Pakistani Daphne class submarine Hangor during a hunter-killer operation.
	www.defencetalk.com /forums/printthread.php?t=475 (6203 words)

	Hiranandani (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Five submarine chasers, two landing ships, five patrol boats, four submarines, a submarine depot ship, a submarine rescue vessel, and eight missile boats were acquired from Russia.
		Pakistan’s U.S.-supplied submarine, which had been deployed in the east to seek and sink the Indian aircraft carrier, exploded and sank near the entrance to Vishakhapatnam harbour whilst trying to avoid an Indian warship.
		On 9 December a Pakistani submarine of the French Daphne class deployed off Saurashtra sank one of the two Indian antisubmarine frigates that had been despatched to nudge it to seaward and safeguard the forces assembling for the next missile attack.
	www.nwc.navy.mil /press/Review/2002/spring/art4-sp2.htm (4498 words)

	Classics VHS Video: VideoNear.com
		I purchased this video for my dad's 72nd birthday and it would not play correctly.
		Daphne du Maurier's gothic suspense novel REBECCA has been one of my favorite books since first...
		I loved this movie as a child and it still holds my interest today.
	www.videonear.com /Classics-VHS-Video-127_1.htm (873 words)

	: the cool blue submarine :
		Yesterday, I went for class in the usual manner.
		I went to class a little late, and sat behind a group of three girls, in the second row.
		He noticed that there was this long-haired girl in the front row who seemed to be not paying attention...
	huckerby.blogdrive.com /archive/cm-01_cy-2005_m-01_d-19_y-2005_o-0.html (1208 words)

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