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Topic: Darfur

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Darfur conflict

Shamal Darfur

Sudan

Gharb Darfur

Fur (people)

Janjaweed

Janub Darfur

States of Sudan

Fur languages

Masalit language

Baggara

History of Sudan

Hawazma

Jebal Marra

Marrah Mountains

	USAID: Sudan: Darfur Humanitarian Emergency
		UNHCR officials reported that the Aro Sharow attack was the first large-scale assault on a Darfur IDP camp.
		U.N. Under-Secretary General for Humanitarian Affairs Jan Egeland condemned the attack and blamed all parties to the Darfur conflict for the increasing number of attacks targeting humanitarian workers in recent weeks.
		On September 26 and 27, several hundred women and children IDPs Darfur Humanitarian Emergency — September 30, 2005 demonstrated, in one case blocking the entrance to the AMIS Civilian Police compound, and in another case congregating peacefully outside an NGO compound.
	www.usaid.gov /locations/sub-saharan_africa/sudan/darfur.html (1132 words)

	Darfur - LoveToKnow 1911
		The copper mines (in 9° 48' N. 24° 5' E.) are across the Darfur frontier in the Bahr-el-Ghazal province.
		The population of Darfur consists of negroes and Arabs.
		His great-grandson, the sultan Dali, a celebrated figure in Darfur histories, was on his mother's side a For, and thus was effected a union between the negro and Arab races.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Darfur (2106 words)

	Darfur conflict - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Darfur conflict is an ongoing conflict in the Darfur region of western Sudan, mainly between the Janjaweed, a government-supported militia recruited from local Arab tribes, and the non-Arab peoples of the region.
		Darfur is inhabited by a variety of peoples, generally constituting two distinct groups: non-Arab fl peoples such as the Fur, Masalit, and Zaghawa, and Arab tribes collectively termed Baggara (also fl by the standards of most English-speakers), who settled the region from about the 13th century onwards.
		Moreover, before the 20th century (and by some accounts well into it) Darfur was a center of the slave trade, and Fur slavers competed with Arab ones to raid the nearby Bahr el Ghazal to obtain slaves for the coastal regions.
	www.mywikipedia.us /Darfur_conflict (4066 words)

	Middle East Report Online: Darfur's Manmade Disaster, by Peter Verney
		Darfur's people are all Muslim, but the settled communities such as the Fur and Masalit have cultural idiosyncrasies that reflect their African roots.
		Darfur has long been a reservoir of cheap male labor for the agricultural and industrial projects of central Sudan, and the major source of lower-ranking soldiers in the army.
		The evidence of crimes against humanity in Darfur is already sufficiently strong to provide the basis for the UN to authorize, under Chapter 7 of the UN Charter, armed units of peacekeepers to protect the civilian population and aid convoys, supplied by airlifts from Europe and the US.
	www.merip.org /mero/mero072204.html (2260 words)

	Darfur
		Darfur was an independent sultanate until 1917, when it was the last region to be incorporated into the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan.
		Arms were channelled into Darfur by the central government under Sadiq al-Mahdi (1986-89), which armed the southern Baggara Arabs as a militia to fight against the SPLA (at that time threatening insurgency in the region), and also armed the northern Arab tribes, who were loyal to the Ansar of the Prime Minister's Umma Party.
		The "Sudanization" being carried out at school promoted a view of local Darfur culture as primitive and unacceptable compared with the model of riverain Sudanese culture to which pupils were expected to aspire, while the central Umma/Ansar leadership was prepared to exploit the loyalty of Darfuris without offering genuine development or local pride.
	www.sudanupdate.org /REPORTS/PEOPLES/Darf.htm (2043 words)

	Darfur Timeline
		IDPs in Darfur report that aid from the UN and non-government organizations is being stolen routinely by militias.
		Vraalsen describes Darfur situation as “one of the worst in the world.” In a media interview, UN Humanitarian Coordinator for Sudan Mukesh Kapila says the situation in Darfur is comparable to what happened in the Rwandan genocide of 1994.
		Annan promises the residents of camps for internally displaced people in Darfur that they will not be forced to return to their homes until their security can be guaranteed.
	www.un.org /News/dh/dev/scripts/darfur_formatted.htm (3602 words)

	Documenting Atrocities in Darfur
		Darfur covers about one-fifth of Sudan’s vast territory and is home to one-seventh of its population.
		The Fur ethnic group (Darfur means "homeland of the Fur") is the largest non-Arab ethnic group in the region.
		Arab groups launched a campaign in Southern Darfur State that resulted in the destruction of some 600 non-Arabvillages and the deaths of about 3,000 people.The GOS itself encouraged the formation of an "Arab Alliance" in Darfur to keep non-Arab ethnic groups in check.
	www.state.gov /g/drl/rls/36028.htm (2431 words)

	ZNet \|Foreign Policy \| Darfur
		Darfur had already been flickering with the sparks of conflict, fostered by 20 years of no government, and endemic banditry.
		Ethnicity in Darfur is fabulously complex; to understand, one must discard all the presuppositions inherited from analysing the rest of Africa, including the rest of Sudan.
		In the specific case of Darfur, it was the US left that railed against these shackles and beat the drum for a declaration of 'genocide' and a policy of intervention, though it is the right that will inherit this weapon and, at some future date, perhaps use it.
	www.zmag.org /content/showarticle.cfm?SectionID=11&ItemID=7222 (3377 words)

	Sudan: Darfur: Rape as a weapon of war: sexual violence and its consequences - Amnesty International
		Moreover, the majority of IDPs live in spontaneous camps and settlements around the cities or large villages of Darfur, where they continue to be the target of attacks, killings, rapes and harassment by the Janjawid whose presence is reported in the cities or at the periphery of the IDP camps.
		In the specific social context of Darfur, in a society where rape is considered a taboo and a shame for the survivor of this violence, the child who is a result of rape will mostly be considered as a child of the "enemy", a "Janjawid child".
		All parties to the conflict in Darfur are bound by the provisions of international humanitarian law laid out in Common Article 3 to the Geneva Conventions, which applies ‘in the case of armed conflict not of an international character’ and is binding on all parties to a conflict.
	web.amnesty.org /library/index/engafr540762004 (18674 words)

	Darfur Crisis Petition
		Darfur situated in western Sudan, and for its 6 million people (a fifth of the Sudan population) living in region, geographically isolated and neglected by central government in Khartoum, had been adversely affected by conflicts since the early 1980s.
		Darfur was an independent sultanate until 1916, when it was the last region to be incorporated into the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan.
		According to the UN, since the start of the conflict in Darfur, at least 7-thousand people have been killed and the internally displaced are estimated to be around a million.
	www.petitiononline.com /samhamam/petition.html (565 words)

	Nina Shea on Sudan on National Review Online
		In both the south and in Darfur, the policies of the regime — which is an Arab Islamist military dictatorship — against ethnic African villagers have had racial and ethnic overtones and involved struggles over resources.
		Though the tribes of Darfur are Muslim, they are not of the hardline Salafist movement favored by Khartoum's National Islamic Front government, an offshoot of the radical Muslim Brotherhood (now is based in Saudi Arabia after being crushed in Egypt, its birthplace).
		The Darfur Muslims do not speak Arabic, their women wear colorful African garb, and they do not follow the strict criminal code of Khartoum's Wahhabi-style sharia, which calls for the flogging of those who drink alcohol, the body-part-amputation of thieves, the stoning of adulterers, and the execution of blasphemers.
	www.nationalreview.com /comment/shea200406300855.asp (1600 words)

	Camp Darfur (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Camp Darfur is a coalition of grassroots civic and religious organizations, human rights groups, and individuals dedicated to "reaching and teaching" everyday citizens about the horrors of genocide with particular focus on Darfur.
		Camp Darfur, a StopGenocideNow project, arose out of discussions in the Crisis in Sudan group on omidyar.net, where members dedicate their time and energy on education, advocacy, and policy issues to change the way the world responds to genocide.
		Camp Darfur was chosen as a Community Favorite to amplify the success of the first Camp Darfur project in Los Angeles in April 2006 and to help expand the project to reach more and more communities across the US, raise awareness, and incite people to take action both locally and globally.
	www.omidyar.net /group/on/ws/camp_darfur (316 words)

	news-darfur
		Members of the various Darfur ethnic groups, mostly from the “African” tribes, made up a very large proportion (between 40 and 60%) of the northern troops fighting against the southern rebellions between 1955 and 1972 and then again between 1983 and the present.
		The second effect of the Darfur conflict on regional politics is the influence of the violence on the intra-Sudanese peace talks now being held in Naivasha (Kenya).
		The SPLA has accepted not to mention the Darfur crisis in the course of the negotiations while the Khartoum government is trying to delay the signature of any agreement with the South long enough to crush the western insurrection.
	www.crimesofwar.org /onnews/news-darfur.html (2357 words)

	CBC News In Depth: Crisis Zone: Darfur, Sudan
		Another report, by Amnesty International, says the crisis in Darfur is being ignored as nations such as the U.S., China and Russia put their own security concerns ahead of human rights issues.
		In a unanimous vote, both houses of the U.S. Congress declare that "the atrocities unfolding in Darfur, Sudan, are genocide." The resolution passes 422-0 in the House of Representatives and passes without dissent in the Senate.
		The government sends a 1,025-strong police force to Darfur to maintain security, law and order, and to "uphold the sense of nationhood." Its main tasks are to protect refugee camps, set up security checkpoints along the border with Chad and safeguard roads for the return of refugees.
	www.cbc.ca /news/background/sudan/darfur.html (3559 words)

	Human Rights Watch: Africa : Crisis in Darfur
		The government of Sudan’s recent forced relocation of civilians in South Darfur is a serious violation of international law and could be the prelude to new attempts to dismantle certain civilian camps, Human Rights Watch warned today.
		The GOE compiled existing recommendations on Darfur in its June report, and has been working with the government of Sudan to foster their implementation.
		Recent case studies from across Darfur illustrate how the proliferation of armed actors and the government’s failure to strengthen the rule of law — particularly the police — are contributing to the abuses.
	www.hrw.org /campaigns/darfur (1303 words)

	SudanTribune topics - Latest articles on Darfur... (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Sudan is expected to ask the African Union to stay in Darfur past its mandate, which expires on September 30.
		With the Darfur tragedy high on the agenda of the UN General Assembly debate which kicks off Tuesday, Sudanese Vice President Ali Osman Taha said Monday that the mandate of the cash-strapped, 7,000-strong AU force in Darfur should be extended beyond September 30.
		Darfur civilians hostage to Sudan, UN deadlock - Amnsety
	www.sudantribune.com /mot.php3?id_mot=12 (1157 words)

	Akta - DARFUR :: PLSTW:Ycon.net
		Looking at the current estimated death toll in Darfur of 400,000 people is sad and disturbing.
		Thus looking at the total number of people now gone in Darfur -- 400 thousand people -- a simple analysis reveals that just 0.006% are now dead in the total world population.
		Six letters in the word "Darfur." That is the word "Darfur" written 66,666.66 times where each letter signifies a single person.
	blogs.ycon.net /akta/2006/05/18/darfur (251 words)

	USCJ: Save Darfur
		Rally April 30, 2006 in Washington, DC For almost three years, the people of Darfur have endured a genocidal campaign waged by the government of Sudan and its proxy militia, the Janjaweed.
		The Save Darfur Coalition is mobilizing people across the country to take part in the Save Darfur: Rally to Stop Genocide and to send President Bush postcards asking him to take stronger action.
		Observe the Week of Prayer and Action for Darfur from April 2 to April 9; learn about the situation and encourage others to learn as well.
	www.uscj.org /Save_Darfur6943.html (341 words)

	Darfur, Sudan
		The HD Centre became involved in Darfur in April 2003 in an effort to help address the appalling humanitarian situation in the region.
		The HD Centre’s primary objective was to help facilitate the negotiation and implementation of an internationally monitored ceasefire agreement in Darfur, and the opening of unhindered humanitarian access to the region’s conflict-affected population.
		An additional focus was on facilitating contacts between the Darfur opposition groups and the international humanitarian community to strengthen co-operation between them and help ensure the effective and safe delivery of assistance.
	www.hdcentre.org /Darfur,%20Sudan (299 words)

	SudanTribune article : UN condemns Darfur rebel attack (Site not responding. Last check: )
		July 6, 2006 (KHARTOUM) — The UN chief envoy in Sudan condemned on Thursday an attack by Darfur rebels who seized a town in a neighbouring province this week in a deadly spillover of the conflict.
		The attack on Hamrat al-Sheikh, a town that lies more than 500km west of Khartoum and neighbours Darfur, marks one of the worst violations of the truce as well as a widening of the conflict.
		The African Union-mediated Darfur peace agreement aims to end more than three years of war in the region that has killed an estimated 300 000 people and displaced more than two million others.
	www.sudantribune.com /article.php3?id_article=16558 (337 words)

	WHKMLA : History of Darfur
		In 1874 the Sultan of Darfur recognized the suzerainty of Khedive Ismail of EGYPT.
		In 1883 Darfur became part of the Mahdi State; after the collapse of the latter in 1898, Darfur recognized the sovereignty of the Anglo-Egyptian administration of the Sudan.
		Early in World War I, the Sultan of Darfur transferred his allegiance to the Ottoman Sultan and declared the jihad against the British.
	www.zum.de /whkmla/region/northafrica/darfur.html (290 words)

	NOW. Politics & Economy. Understanding Sudan \| PBS
		The United States, while standing by its assessment of a genocidal situation, does not recognize the ICC and has called for a separate court to be established to try criminals from the Darfur conflict.
		Early in 2003, an armed conflict started in Darfur, a very poor region about the size of France in the west of the country.
		Various humanitarian groups are focusing on the crisis in Darfur in an attempt to attract international attention and action.
	www.pbs.org /now/politics/sudan2.html (805 words)

	Darfur Descending
		I wish I could report that all these efforts had borne fruit -- that Darfur was at peace and on the road to recovery.
		People in many parts of Darfur continue to be killed, raped and driven from their homes by the thousands.
		The number displaced has reached 2 million, while 3 million (half the total population of Darfur) are dependent on international relief for food and other basics.
	www.washingtonpost.com /wp-dyn/content/article/2006/01/24/AR2006012401136.html (844 words)

	NATO Topics - NATO’s assistance to the African Union for Darfur
		Both NATO and the EU - which is also providing airlift assistance - is providing staff to support the AU cell, but it is the African Union that is in the lead.
		The African Union is significantly expanding its peacekeeping mission in Darfur in an attempt to halt the continuing violence in the region.
		On 26 April 2005 the African Union asked NATO to consider the possibility of providing logistical support to its operation in Darfur.
	www.nato.int /issues/darfur/index.html (376 words)

	UNICEF - Sudan - Darfur - overview
		New arrivals in the Ottash IDP camp, due to the conflict in Darfur.
		DARFUR, June 2006 — An estimated 3.6 million people have been affected by the ongoing crisis in Darfur.
		This means UNICEF has a total of just over $2.81 million in donor resources against its Darfur target of $89 million in 2006 — so its programmes in the region are just 3.1 per cent funded moving into the second quarter of the year.
	www.unicef.org /infobycountry/sudan_darfuroverview.html (604 words)

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