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Topic: Darius III of Persia

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Darius III

330 BC

336 BC

Arses of Persia

331 BC

Bessus

Artaxerxes III of Persia

4th century BC

380 BC

Wars of Alexander the Great

318 BC

334 BC

338 BC

300s BC

Battle of Issus

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	Darius III: 336-330 BC
		Darius III was left with the tasks of strengthening the army to defend against Alexander the Great, who lead a united Greece and of reorganizing the government.
		Darius III was ill prepared to battle the advancing Alexander and was defeated in the Battle of Issus in 333.
		The illustration is of Darius III from a mosaic of the Battle of Issus, dated from the late 2nd c.
	www.thenagain.info /WebChron/MiddleEast/DariusIII.html (397 words)

	SingaporeMoms - Parenting Encyclopedia - Darius III of Persia
		After the ambitious chiliarch Bagoas murdered King Artaxerxes III of Persia in 338 BC, and his son King Arses in 336 BC, he sought to install a new monarch who would be easier to control.
		In 333 BC Darius himself took the field against the Greek king, but his much larger army was outflanked and defeated at the Battle of Issus and Darius was forced to flee, leaving behind his chariot, his camp, and his family, all of which were captured by Alexander.
		Darius then fled to Ecbatana to begin raising a fourth army, while Alexander took possession of Babylon, Susa and the Persian capitol at Persepolis.
	www.singaporemoms.com /parenting/Darius_III_of_Persia (503 words)

	Darius - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Darius is also a name of a character in the Highlander TV-series played by Werner Stocker.
		Darius the Mede named as "King of Babylon" in the Book of Daniel is sometimes assumed to be Gubaru.
		For information on the UK singer and former Pop Idol contestant Darius see Darius Danesh (popularly known as just "Darius")---Darius is also the name of the lead singer of Hootie and the Blowfish, a member of the Portland Trailblazers basketball team.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Darius (169 words)

	Darius
		Another explanation, plausible enough, is that Darius is another name for Cyaxares II, the son of Astyages, who according to the Greek writer Xenophon was Cyrus’ uncle and father-in-law, and whom Cyrus might have retained temporarily as a figurehead king to please the Medes.
		Darius was evidently recognised as a ruler in Babylon by courtesy of Cyrus, while it was Cyrus who actually held the power (see Is 45:1).
		Darius the Persian (Neh 12:22) is probably Darius II (424/23–405/04 b.c.), the son and successor of Artaxerxes I. The various lists of ecclesiastical officers given in the book of Nehemiah seem to have their terminal point in his reign.
	www.nisbett.com /people/bp-darius.htm (907 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Persia
		Persia proper is bounded on the north by Transcaucasia, the Caspian Sea, and Russian Turkestan; on the south by the Indian Ocean and the Persian Gulf; it is over one-fifth as large as the United States (excluding Alaska) and twice as large as Germany, having an area of about 642,000 square miles.
		Darius, on the other hand, was both by birth and religion a Persian, descended, like Cyrus, from the royal Achæmenian house of Persia, and a follower of the Zoroastrian faith.
		Darius III fled to Media, where he was seized and murdered by Bessus, Satrap of Bactria (330), while Alexander entered Babylon and Susa, and subdued the provinces of Elam, Persia, and Media.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/11712a.htm (14955 words)

	Battle of Gaugamela (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Darius had recruited the finest cavalry from his satrapies and from an allied Scythian tribe.
		Darius also deployed scythed chariots for which he had prepared cleared terrain in front of his troops.
		Darius managed to escape to Media, but was later killed by Bessus.
	www.worldhistory.com /wiki/B/Battle-of-Gaugamela.htm (682 words)

	The Warren: On October 1st in military history....in 331 BC
		Darius wanted a place where he could fight the Macedonians on his terms and where his superiority in cavalry and war chariots could be used to their fullest.
		Darius sent his cavalry forces to encircle Alexander’s flanks, but Alexander’s forces were able to stop the encircling attacks.
		King Darius later escaped to Arbil (modern Erbil) and was later killed by Bessus, one of his generals who by coincidence, was also the commander of his left flank during the battle.
	thewarrenat.blogspot.com /2005/10/on-october-1st-in-military-historyin.html (980 words)

	Darius - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Darius was the name of three kings of ancient Persia:
		Darius the Great or Darius I of Persia.
		For information on the UK singer and former Pop Idol contestant Darius see Darius Danesh (popularly known as just "Darius").
	www.leessummit.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Darius (157 words)

	Darius III of Persia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		He chose Codomannus, a distant relative of the royal house who had distinguished himself in a combat of champions in a war against the Cadusii (Justin 10.3; cf.
		In the spring of 334 BC, that the heir, Alexander the Great, who had himself been confirmed as Hegemon by the League of Corinth, invaded Asia Minor at the head of a combined Greek army and almost immediately faced and defeated a Persian force at the Battle of the Granicus.
		In 331 BC, Darius' sister-wife Statira, who had otherwise been well-treated (Plutarch, Life of Alexander 21.2-5), died in captivity, reputedly during childbirth (Plutarch, Life of Alexander, 30.1).
	toshare.dynup.net /en/Darius_III_Codomannus.htm (512 words)

	Darius III. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		Darius used the wrong tactics in battle and was forced to flee to Ecbatana and then eastward to Bactria.
		It was there that the satrap of Bactria, Bessus, had Darius murdered on Alexander’s approach and took command himself in the unsuccessful opposition to the Macedonian conqueror.
		Darius III is probably the Darius the Persian mentioned in the Bible (Neh.
	www.bartleby.com /65/da/Darius3.html (211 words)

	Leaders and Battles: Darius III, (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Ruled from 336 to 330; he abandoned his mother, wife, and children at the battle of Issus where he was defeated by Alexander; fought and lost again at Gaugamela.
		Darius inherited the throne after the death of his cousin Artaxerxes III who was murdered by the eunuch Bagoas.
		Darius suffered defeat in the Battle of Issus in 333 B.C. and again at the Battle of Gaugamela in 331 B.C. Darius' lack of military prowess forced him to flee to Ecbatana and then to Bactria where he was murdered by the satrap of Bactria, This brought and end to the Persian Empire.
	www.lbdb.com /TMDisplayLeader.cfm?PID=5139 (126 words)

	Alexander The Great
		Philip was bent on the conquest of Persia.
		Alexander's army and a huge force led by Darius III of Persia met at Issus in October 333 BC.
		Darius had gathered together all his military strength--chariots with scythes on the wheels, elephants, and a great number of cavalry and foot soldiers.
	www.crystalinks.com /alexanderthegreat.html (1252 words)

	Darius III -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		Darius belonged to a collateral branch of the royal family and was placed on the throne by the eunuch Bagoas, who had poisoned the two previous kings, Artaxerxes III and Arses.
		When Darius asserted his independence, Bagoas also attempted his murder but was forced by the king to drink the poison himself.
		A principal French composer of the 20th century, Darius Milhaud is known especially for his development of polytonality, a simultaneous use of different keys.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9028780?tocId=9028780 (860 words)

	Darius III of Persia
		After the ambitious vizier Bagoas murdered King Artaxerxes III of Persia in 338 BC, and his son King Arses in 336 BC, Bagoas sought to install a new monarch who would be easier to control.
		Bagoas then tried to poison Darius as well, but Darius was warned and forced Bagoas to drink the poison himself.
		In 333 BC Darius himself took the field against the Macedonian king, but was beaten at Issus and Alexander took control of Persia.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/darius_iii_of_persia (306 words)

	Satrap - TheBestLinks.com - Asia Minor, Alexander the Great, Ezra, Empire, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		By the earlier Greek authors (Herodotus, Thucydides and often in Xenophon) it is rendered by satrápēs "lieutenant, governor," in the documents--from Babylonia and Egypt and in Ezra and Nehemiah by pakha, "governor"; and the satrap Mazaeus of Cilicia and Syria in the time of Darius III and Alexander (Arrian iii.
		Darius gave the satrapies a definitive organization, increased their number to twenty-three and fixed their annual tribute (Behistun inscription).
		The great usurper Darius I struggled with widespread rebellions in the satrapies, and under Artaxerxes II occasionally the greater part of Asia Minor and Syria was in open rebellion.
	www.thebestlinks.com /Satrap.html (689 words)

	Darius III on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		A cousin of Artaxerxes III, he was raised to the throne by the eunuch Bagoas, who had murdered both Artaxerxes and his son, Arses; Darius in turn murdered Bagoas.
		When Alexander the Great invaded Persia, Darius was defeated in the battle of Issus (333 BC) and again in the battle of Gaugamela near Arbela (331 BC).
		For the first time Persia was confronted by a united Greece, and Darius' greatest error was in underestimating Alexander's strength.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/D/Darius3.asp (390 words)

	Darius III of Persia, last of the Achaemenid Kings : civilizations and persian - Details from BaghdadMuseum.info (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Darius III of Persia, last of the Achaemenid Kings : civilizations and persian - Details from BaghdadMuseum.info
		Darius III of Persia, last of the Achaemenid Kings
		The aim of gaugamela.com is to help you to discover the wealth and heritage of foreign, distant or lost cultures.
	www.baghdadmuseum.info /items/link-9785-258.html (81 words)

	wikien.info: Main_Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Encyclopedia : D : DA : DAR : Darius III of Persia
		In the spring of 334 BC, that heir, Alexander the Great, who had himself been confirmed as Hegemon by the League of Corinth, invaded Asia Minor at the head of a combined Greek and Macedonian army and almost immediately faced and defeated a numerically-superior Persian force at the Battle of the Granicus River.
		In 333 BC Darius himself took the field against the Macedonian king, but his much larger army was outflanked and defeated at the Battle of Issus and Darius was forced to flee, leaving behind his chariot, his camp, and his family, all of which were captured by Alexander.
	pardus.info /index.php?title=Darius_III (523 words)

	AllRefer.com - Darius III (Ancient History, Middle East, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		B.C. A cousin of Artaxerxes III, he was raised to the throne by the eunuch Bagoas, who had murdered both Artaxerxes and his son, Arses; Darius in turn murdered Bagoas.
		When Alexander the Great invaded Persia, Darius was defeated in the battle of Issus (333
		B.C. For the first time Persia was confronted by a united Greece, and Darius' greatest error was in underestimating Alexander's strength.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/D/Darius3.html (273 words)

	Gaugamela
		The battle of Gaugamela was the decisive clash between Alexander the Great and Darius III of Persia.
		Later Darius was assassinated and Alexander assumed the throne of Persia.
		The right wing troops did hold but their efforts were costly (possibly the heaviest casualties in the whole battle were suffered here), an example of which was the 16 arrow wounds suffered by the Greek officer Menidas in the vanguard.
	www.ancientbattles.com /WAB_Macedonians/GaugamelaScenario.htm (1212 words)

	Search Tuna Report for Alexander The Great (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		When Ptolemy wanted to marry Cleopatra, a full sister of the "great" Alexander III, she was assassinated by order of Antigonus, who blamed it on some women he then executed....
		Description: Alexandros III Philippou Makedonon (Alexander the Great, Alexander III of Macedon) (356-323 B.C.), king of Macedonia, born in late July 356 BC in Pela, Macedonia, the greatest military genius in history.
		Joann Fletcher Alexander III of Macedon 356-323 bc, better known to history as 'Alexander the Great', spent several months in Egypt as part of his on-going campaign against the mighty Persian Alexander the Great Empire of Darius III....
	searchtuna.com /ftlive/1347.html (4549 words)

	K-netti (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Alexander fought King Darius of the Persian Empire, who was Alexander’s chief enemy, and one of the most powerful military leaders of his age.
		King Darius didn’t want to be defeated this time, but he was, and Alexander the Great once again unbelievably won him, with a major soldier disadvantage.
		King Darius III escaped, but six years later he died, because his cousin murdered him, to gain power in Persia.
	daturne.k-netti.nu /main/custom.asp?wid=13151&customID=25544 (1222 words)

	Koios Works, LLC
		After the Greek victory at Granicus, the King of Persia, Darius III marched from Babylon.
		Gathering a huge, but largely ill-trained army, Darius used his superior knowledge of the local terrain to position himself behind Alexander and threaten the Greek supply lines to the homeland.
		While strategically outmaneuvering Alexander, Darius positioned his army in the narrow valley of Issus.
	www.koiosworks.com /maps_Issus.htm (81 words)

	[No title]
		George III was King of Great Britain and King of Ireland from 25 October 1760 until 1 January 1801, and thereafter King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland until his death.
		During George III's reign, Great Britain lost many of its colonies in North America; the rebellious colonies later formed the United States.
		George III suffered from a mental disease, now thought to be porphyria.
	mail.wikipedia.org /pipermail/daily-article-l/2004-October.txt (8288 words)

	Conquests
		In the winter he founded Alexandria, perhaps the greatest monument to his name, and in the spring of 331 he returned to Syria, then went to Mesopotamia where he met Darius again in the battle of Guagamela.
		He marched S to Babylon, then went to Susa and on to Persepolis, where he burned the palaces of the Persians and looted the city.
		He was now the visible ruler of the Persian Empire, pursuing the fugitive Darius to Ecbatana, which submitted in 330, and on to Bactria.
	www.afghanchamberofcommerce.com /history/alexanderconquests.htm (499 words)

	wikien.info: Main_Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The exact location of the battle is debated, but is known to be in northern modern-day Iraq somewhere.
		In any case, historical descriptions have the site just east of the Tigris River, and Darius fled to Arbela (modern-day Arbil) 120 km to the east.
		Alexander turned his line and charged this gap with a wedge consisting of the Companion cavalry and the Hypaspists.
	www.alanaditescili.net /index.php?title=Battle_of_Arbela (612 words)

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