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	Charles Darwin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Darwin was surveying strata in Wales on his own when he received a message that his intended companion had died, dashing his plans to visit Madeira, but on his return home he received another letter.
		Darwin's life work provoked continuing discussions in the scientific community, and established more than anything else that "evolution" itself had occurred: not necessarily that it was by natural or sexual selection (this particular recognition would not become fully standard until the rediscovery of Gregor Mendel's work in the early 20th century).
		Darwin's theory of evolution was a significant blow to creationism and notions of intelligent design prevalent among 19th century Europe.
	hallencyclopedia.com /Charles_Darwin (3510 words)

	Darwin Correspondence Project: Introduction to Volume 12: 1864 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		As Darwin explained to his cousin William Darwin Fox in a letter of 30 November [1864], 'the Copley being open to all sciences and all the world is reckoned a great honour'; the gold medal was considered the greatest accolade that the Royal Society could bestow.
		Darwin noticed that the sterility resulting from crosses between plants of the same form was not necessarily different from the result of crosses between two different hybrids, or even between different species that had descended from common parents and differentiated over a long period of time.
		Darwin remained convinced that the general advantage of dimorphism in plants was that it assured the participation of different individuals in reproduction, thus guaranteeing the vitality of a species by maintaining a level of variation upon which natural selection could act.
	www.lib.cam.ac.uk /Departments/Darwin/intros/vol12.html (5839 words)

	AboutDarwin.com - Darwin's Timeline: November
		Darwin went on a little excursion on the island, hoping to do some geology, but he was not very impressed.
		Darwin leaped for joy at this news and was very proud that his peers had come to esteem his work so highly.
		It was agreed upon to give Darwin the medal, but only if it was explicitly stated that his "Origin of Species" book was not a contributing factor in their decision.
	www.aboutdarwin.com /timeline/November.html (1498 words)

	Obituary (1888)
		Darwin, again, was the third son of Erasmus Darwin, also a physician of great repute, who shared the intimacy of Watt and Priestley, and was widely known as the author of "Zoonomia," and other voluminous poetical and prose works which had a great vogue in the latter half of the eighteenth century.
		Darwin has jestingly alluded to the fact that the shape of his nose (to which Captain Fitzroy objected), nearly prevented his embarkation in the "Beagle"; it may be that the sensitiveness of that organ secured him for science.
		Darwin had not even a cabin to himself; while, in addition to the hindrances and interruptions incidental to sea-life, which can be appreciated only by those who have had experience of them, sea-sickness came on whenever the little ship was "lively"; and, considering the circumstances of the cruise, that must have been her normal state.
	aleph0.clarku.edu /huxley/CE2/DarwObit.html (8978 words)

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		Furthermore, Darwinism was critically important in their conversion to communism and to a worldview that led them to a philosophy based on atheism.
		Darwinism as a worldview was a critical factor, not only in influencing the development of Nazism, but also in the rise of communism and the communist holocaust that, by one estimate, took the lives of more than 100 million persons.
		medal in honour of the centenary of The Origin’.
	www.geocities.com /la3br/comunismo_darwin.html (5083 words)

	Anne Darwin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Anne Elizabeth "Annie" Darwin (2 March 1841-22 April 1851) was the second child and eldest daughter of Charles and Emma Darwin.
		In 1849, Anne caught scarlet fever along with her two sisters and youngest brother, the last dying of the disease, and her health thereafter declined; some authorities believe that she suffered from tuberculosis.
		Her death at age ten was a terrible blow for both Charles and Emma, and is said by Browne to have driven Darwin to atheism.
	www.1-free-software.com /en/wikipedia/a/an/anne_darwin.html (245 words)

	Charles Darwin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Charles Darwin was born in Shrewsbury, Shropshire, England, the fifth of six children of Robert and Susannah Darwin (née Wedgwood), and the grandson of Erasmus Darwin, and of Josiah Wedgwood.
		Darwin died in Downe, Kent, England, on 19 April 1882 was given a state funeral, and interred in Westminster Abbey near Isaac Newton.
		Darwin was given particular recognition in 2000 when his image appeared on the Bank of England ten pound note, replacing Charles Dickens.His impressive and supposedly hard-to-forge beard was reportedly a contributing factor in this choice.
	www.therfcc.org /charles-darwin-3212.html (1693 words)

	Charles Darwin, man of letters (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The Darwin Correspondence Project, which edits and annotates the correspondence, was established in 1974 by Frederick Burkhardt and Sydney Smith, in order to publish the definitive edition of letters to and from Charles Darwin (1809-1882).
		They encompass Darwin's childhood, university education, his round the world voyage on HMS Beagle, the lengthy gestation of his theories, the publication of The Origin of Species and the controversy it generated, and the multi-faceted work of his mature years on subjects as diverse as botany, sexual selection and human evolution.
		The Darwin Correspondence Project is based at Cambridge University Library, which houses the largest single collection of Darwin's letters (around 9000), as well as most of his other papers (donated to the Library in 1942 by Darwin's family).
	www.admin.cam.ac.uk /news/dp/2001071201 (848 words)

	Royal Society \| About the Society \| Awards, medals and prize lectures \| \| Darwin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		A silver medal is given biennially (in even years) in reward for work of acknowledged distinction in the broad area of biology in which Charles Darwin worked, notably in evolution, population biology, organismal biology and biological diversity.
		In both 1982 and 2002, the medal was awarded to a husband and wife team.
		The 2004 Darwin medal was awarded jointly to Professor Enrico Coen FRS and Dr Rosemary Carpenter, for their ground-breaking discoveries about the control of flower development.
	www.royalsoc.ac.uk /page.asp?id=1758 (129 words)

	Darwin Game (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		In the course of examining the debate over natural theology versus natural history, students will also come to understand that Darwin represented a new, strictly empirical approach to science, and that the struggle over his theories was also a struggle over cultural authority—who decides what is true and what is right.
		Darwin acknowleges reading Malthus 'for amusement,' but he found everything Malthus advocated to be reprehensible and ill-conceived (read Malthus to find out why).
		As Darwin recognized, much mortality in nature is result a predation, pathogens, and vagaries of the environment.
	www.bemidji.msus.edu /dsiems/darwin/game (1788 words)

	The C. Warren Irvin, Jr., Collection of Charles Darwin and Darwiniana: Marine Biology and the 1950s
		Darwin found himself deferring his grand theory on natural selection and embarking instead on an eight-year project to describe all species of the barnacle family, fossil and living.
		Darwin eventually won both, but this report of the President's speech in awarding him the Royal Medal makes clear the reputation he had built up as an original researcher in two distinct fields, geology and marine biology, before he took up the risky project of explaining natural selection to his scientific colleagues.
		Among the practical experiments that Darwin undertook in the 1850s for his work on species was a study of how pigeon-fanciers selected and exaggerated particularly-desired features for exhibition through successive pigeon generations, until quite distinct varieties of pigeon (pouter, carrier, and fantail) had been developed.
	www.sc.edu /library/spcoll/nathist/darwin/darwin7.html (704 words)

	The Huxley File § 4 Darwin's Bulldog
		Darwin argued in favor of the proposition that Natura non facit saltum,, development being as gradual in biology as in geology.
		He disagreed with Darwin on the tempo of evolution, on the analogy between artificial selection and natural selection, on hybridism, and on Darwin's hypothesis of Pangenesis, that development of features in a parent would be passed on to its offspring.
		Darwin 34 years ago may be understood hereafter as constituting an epoch in the intellectual history of the human race.
	aleph0.clarku.edu /huxley/guide4.html (2984 words)

	Royal Society \| About the Society \| Awards, medals and prize lectures
		The Royal Society awards 10 medals, 6 prizes (awards) and 9 prize lectureships variously annually, biennially or triennially, according to the terms of reference for each award.
		The medals, prize lectures and awards cover a variety of science, engineering and technology topics: for example, the Davy medal is awarded for a recent discovery in chemistry and Ferrier lecture is given triennially on the structure and function of the nervous system.
		The medals and prize lectureships have been instituted at various times since 1731, and most owe their existence to the generosity of donors.
	www.royalsoc.ac.uk /page.asp?id=1734 (267 words)

	Happy 100th birthday Ernst Mayr! - EvoWiki (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Ledyard Stebbins, myself, and so forth—we all started out as young naturalists, or as Darwin said of himself, were “born a naturalist.” The one exception was George Gaylord Simpson, who didn’t take an interest in nature until he was a senior in college.
		Darwin argued that the fossil record is very incomplete because some species fossilize better than others.
		Darwin was able to give up his preconceived ideas in the face of new evidence.
	www.evowiki.org /index.php/Happy_100th_birthday_Ernst_Mayr! (5376 words)

	Darwin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Darwin excelled at Pritchard's school and he won a scholarship to study at Trinity College, Cambridge.
		Darwin made a major study of the three-body problem in the case of the orbits of the Sun-Earth-Moon system.
		Despite the fact that we do not accept Darwin's conclusions today, he is important in being the first to apply mathematical techniques to study the evolution of the Sun-Earth-Moon system.
	www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk /~history/Mathematicians/Darwin.html (682 words)

	William D. Hamilton (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		William Donald Hamilton is considered one of the prominent figures in modern biology and his theories concerning the genetic basis of behavior expanded Darwin's theory of natural selection past its original scope.
		Hamilton expanded Charles Darwin's explanation of the existence of sterile castes in insects, and combined it with Ronald Fisher's hint about quantifying altruism in caterpillars toward siblings, creating a comprehensive theory accounting for underlying patterns of sociality in all organisms (Alexander).
		Hamilton was awarded the Darwin Medal, the Linnean Medal and the Darfoord Prize.
	www.mnsu.edu /emuseum/information/biography/fghij/hamilton_william.html (327 words)

	The Journal of Syms Covington - Chapter Eight
		Covington remained in contact with Darwin: letters from Darwin were preserved by the family and later published [De Beer 1959: 14].
		Darwin got the Royal Medal [Darwin 1887: 388-90] for his monograph on the world-wide distribution of these cirripedia.
		Charles Darwin was buried in a nave of Westminster Abbey, a few feet from Isaac Newton, and next to John Herschel, an astronomer who, one day in Capetown in the Winter of 1836, took time from charting the endless, fl sea of the Universe, to dine with this Navigator of Nature.
	www.asap.unimelb.edu.au /bsparcs/covingto/chap_8.htm (2556 words)

	Between Sundays: The Boy Who Collected Beetles
		Charles Darwin was recommended and was very excited, but his father thought it would be a waste of time.
		Later, Charles Darwin was given the Copley medal of the Royal Society of London, the most important science award in England.
		Charles Darwin was a very kind and loving man. He and his wife Emma had ten children with whom Charles spent a lot of time playing and talking.
	www.uua.org /CLF/betweensundays/middlechildhood/Darwin2.html (1195 words)

	The Darwinian foundation of communism
		Darwin, however, opened the door to Marxism by providing what Marx believed was a ‘scientific’ rationale to deny Creation and, by extension, to deny God.
		Darwin taught that the ‘survival of the fittest’ existed among all forms of life.
		Darwinism also was a critical factor in the communist revolution in China: ‘Mao Tse-tung regarded Darwin, as presented by the German Darwinists, as the foundation of Chinese scientific socialism’.
	www.answersingenesis.org /tj/v15/i1/communism.asp?vPrint=1 (5411 words)

	Life and Letters of Charles Darwin. vol. II Index (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		DARWIN, Erasmus (born 1731), poet and philosopher, i.
		DARWIN, Robert, of Elston Hall, Charles Darwin's estimate of, i.
		14, 37, 220, 309, 425; on the burial of Darwin, 532.
	pages.britishlibrary.net /charles.darwin/texts/letters/letters2_index.html (2950 words)

	The Evolution Deceit (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		In short, Erasmus Darwin was the most important factor that caused Charles Darwin to yield his religious beliefs rapidly despite his theology education, to take the materialist-naturalist "side" and then to publish The Origin of Species by undertaking a great mission on behalf of that side.
		Darwin made a strong assertion at that time and claimed that the earth was around 300 million years old since the evolution process he planned in his mind took longer time than the actual age of world.
		Yet, Darwin was mostly influenced by British economist Thomas Robert Malthus, who in his Essays on the Principle of Population (1789) argued that, because population increases by a geometrical ratio while means of subsistence increase by an arithmetical ratio, poverty and suffering was unavoidable.
	www.ummah.net /harunyahya/evol/ebk2-2.html (5970 words)

	AboutDarwin.com - Darwin's Timeline
		Darwin was not able to attend the meeting, as he was quite ill and was at the time taking the water cure at Sudbrook Park in the village of Richmond, in Surrey.
		Darwin could not bring himself to visit Henslow at his death bed because he was quite ill himself.
		Darwin became quite upset with Mivart, not because of his objections to his theory, but because of the venomous manner in which Mivart put forth his objections and his attacks on Darwin's colleagues.
	www.aboutdarwin.com /timeline/time_07.html (2461 words)

	SIR FRANCIS GALTON - LoveToKnow Article on SIR FRANCIS GALTON (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		His grandfather was the poet-naturalist Erasmus Darwin, and Charles Darwin was his cousin.
		Galton was the author of memoirs on various anthropometric subjects; he originated the process of composite portraiture, and paid much attention to finger-prints and their employment for the identification of criminals, his publications on this subject including Finger Prints (1892), Decipherment of Blurred Finger Prints (1893) and Finger Print Directories (1895).
		From the Royal Society, of which he was elected a fellow in 1860, he received a royal medal in 1886 and the Darwin medal in 1902, and honorary degrees were bestowed on him by Oxford (1894) and Cambridge (1895).
	32.1911encyclopedia.org /G/GA/GALTON_SIR_FRANCIS.htm (484 words)

	Galton (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		His mother, Frances Anne Violetta Darwin, was the daughter of the physician Erasmus Darwin, the author of Zoonomia or the Laws of Organic Life, in which he set out his ideas of evolution.
		Galton was the cousin of Charles Darwin, so perhaps it was natural that he should be one of the first to be converted by the book.
		He was awarded the Huxley Medal from the Anthropological Institute in 1901 and the Darwin-Wallace Medal from the Linnean Society in 1908.
	www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk /~history/Mathematicians/Galton.html (2076 words)

	ISRS - International Society for Reef Studies
		The medal presentation took place at the Ninth International Coral Reef Symposium in Bali, Indonesia in October 2000 where Professor Loya gave an invited talk that will subsequently be published as the "Darwin Lecture" in the ISRS journal Coral Reefs.
		Ian G. MacIntyre is the third recipient of the Charles Darwin Medal, awarded by ISRS at the 8th International Coral Reef Symposium in Panama, June 1996.
		It is altogether fitting that Ian MacIntyre receive the Charles Darwin Medal in recognition of his outstanding contributions to reef science and exemplary service to ISRS.
	www.fit.edu /isrs/awards/darwin.html (1023 words)

	AICS Research, Inc., University Park, NM 88003
		Like Darwin, Ernst had been passionately devoted to outdoor natural history as a boy, and he had thereby come to the attention of Erwin Stresemann, a famous ornithologist at Berlin's Zoological Museum.
		In contrast to the Biblical theory that all species on the planet were created in their current form by an almighty power, Darwin reasoned that all creatures were continually developing minor changes that made them either more or less fit to survive in their ecological niches.
		Darwin had noticed the same thing in the Galapagos, but didn't follow the observation to its logical conclusion.
	www.aics-research.com /lectures/ernstmayr (3016 words)

	Boston.com / News / Education / Higher education / Renowned biologist Ernst Mayr, 100, dies
		He helped produce a fuller, broader explanation of biological change by integrating the work of Charles Darwin and Gregor Mendel, merging the research of field scientists who study the diversity and origin of species with the work of geneticists.
		He was also a recipient of the National Medal of Science, Rockefeller University's Lewis Thomas Prize, the Japan Prize, the Linnean Society of London's Wallace Darwin Medal and Linnean Medal, the Royal Society's Darwin Medal, and the Benjamin Franklin Medal of the American Philosophical Society.
		New Guinea and the Solomons were for him what the Galapagos had been for Darwin, presenting an extraordinarily rich and intense view of the diversity of animal life.
	www.boston.com /news/education/higher/articles/2005/02/05/renowned_biologist_ernst_mayr_100_dies?pg=full (1431 words)

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