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Topic: Data model

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	Introduction to Physical Data Model (PDM)s
		Data modeling is the act of exploring data-oriented structures.
		Physical data modeling is conceptually similar to design class modeling, the goal being to design the internal schema of a database, depicting the data tables, the data columns of those tables, and the relationships between the tables.
		Data normalization is a process in which data attributes within a data model are organized to increase the cohesion of tables and to reduce the coupling between tables.
	www.agilemodeling.com /artifacts/physicalDataModel.htm (1773 words)

	A UML Profile for Data Modeling
		Data attributes on conceptual and logical data models, as well as columns on physical data models, are modeled using the standard attribute notation.
		Traditional data models typically don’t have a good way of distinguishing which key an attribute or column is a part of, this information is often left for supporting documentation.
		It may be a copy of data from another source, a copy that may or may not be automatically replicated, or it may be deprecated and therefore it is suggested that the database element is not accessed at all.
	www.agiledata.org /essays/umlDataModelingProfile.html (3728 words)

	A Function-Based Data Model for Visualization
		Despite the relative success and capabilities of these data models, there can still be gaps in their capabilities to support either specific classes of data or to map well to a user's problem domains.
		These requirements demand the utilization of a generalized data model as a mechanism to classify and access data as well as efficiently map data to operations, which provide a self-describing representation of the physical storage structure (e.g., format), structural representation of the data (e.g., data base schema), and a higher-level logical structure (e.g., operations).
		The implementation of such a model effectively decouples the management of and access to the data from the actual application and is as important a component of a data visualization system, for example, as underlying graphics and imaging technology.
	www.research.ibm.com /people/l/lloydt/dm/function/dm_fn.htm (4765 words)

	ON WHAT IS A DATA MODEL: REPLY TO SIMON WILLIAMS
		Date presents arguments to support his claims, stressing that data models are formal systems, whilst the real world is an informal system, and thus a data model must use formal behaviour to mimic informal aspects of the real world.
		A set of physical data storage constructs that may be used to implement a database management system based on the data model, together with appropriate mappings between the physical constructs and the abstractions.
		A proposal may qualify as a data model based solely on A (the relational model did) but today its credentials are strengthened if it can demonstrate at least one way in which it may be implemented.
	www.dbdebunk.com /page/page/627016.htm (1441 words)

	Data Modeling 101
		They don’t need to be experts at data modeling, but they should be prepared to be involved in the creation of such a model, be able to read an existing data model, understand when and when not to create a data model, and appreciate fundamental data design techniques.
		An enterprise data model is one of several views that your organization’s enterprise architects may choose to maintain and support – other views may explore your network/hardware infrastructure, your organization structure, your software infrastructure, and your business processes (to name a few).
		Data normalization is a process in which data attributes within a data model are organized to increase the cohesion of entity types.
	www.agiledata.org /essays/dataModeling101.html (5206 words)

	UCMP Data Model
		The UCMP data model has undergone rapid evolution in the last few years, and now provides a road map to the types of information that we maintain in dealing with our collections.
		The data model is a complex one, because it integrates information from all of the museum's divisions: Invertebrates, Vertebrates, Prokaryotes & Protists and Paleobotany, and tracks information from recent and fossil collections, museum archives and literature references.
		The notation in the data model diagrams shows whether or not an attribute is required (C indicates that a value may not be required) and whether one or many relationships are permitted.
	www.ucmp.berkeley.edu /museum/datamodel/datamodel.html (466 words)

	Data Modeling: Entity-Relationship Model
		Simply stated the ER model is a conceptual data model that views the real world as entities and relationships.
		A basic component of the model is the Entity-Relationship diagram which is used to visually represents data objects.
		In addition, the model can be used as a design plan by the database developer to implement a data model in a specific database management software.
	www.utexas.edu /its/windows/database/datamodeling/dm/erintro.html (1640 words)

	Enterprise Architect - the UML CASE tool for software design and construction
		The Data Model Profile is a proposed UML extension (and currently under review - Jan 2001) to support the modelling of relational databases in UML.
		The data profile goes on to require that a relationship always involves a parent and child, the parent defining a primary key and the child implementing a foreign key based on all or part of the parent primary key.
		In the object model, non-persistent objects at run-time are typically identified by direct reference or by a pointer to the object.
	www.sparxsystems.com /resources/uml_datamodel.html (4610 words)

	A new data model for Mugshot
		The Mugshot data model for a resource can be easily mapped onto a set of RDF triplets, but the data model is much more restricted (and thus hopefully easier to manage) than the general RDF model.
		The data model session goes beyond the Hibernate model by having a fixed viewpoint associated with the session.
		The data model session is initialized explicitly when starting the transaction, and the viewpoint and type of the session are fixed at that time.
	fishsoup.net /articles/mugshot-data-model (6001 words)

	WinFS Data Model
		They may be established between instances that reside in different data storages.
		These classes are known as data classes, for example, Service, FullName, etc. In Longhorn there are 28 schemas with their corresponding data classes in the WinFS API.
		WinFS data model expresses a set of modern storage concepts featuring a combination of the file system services and the relational system to provide a new powerful and enhancing storage platform.
	www.c-sharpcorner.com /Longhorn/WinFS/WinFSDataModel.asp (2116 words)

	Chris Little's Logical Data Model
		Line data may be a vertical sounding for a fixed horizontal location and time, or may be on a finer scale, the vertical co-ordinates having times associated with them.
		More detailed information may be about specific processes, such as the data cut-off time for the analysis, or whether there was interpolation or initialisation, or the length of the forecast, or the location of an instrument for remotely sensed data.
		Horizontal Locations covered by the data may be regular areas, such as octants of the globe, with a relatively concise mathematical description or irregular areas that are easy to recognise but difficult to specify, such as countries.
	www.unidata.ucar.edu /staff/russ/bs/clittle/logical-data-model.html (3805 words)

	Dimensions Data Model
		Further, the data model provides functions to handle common tasks such as simple aggregation and the comparison and manipulation of multi-response data, freeing the programmer to focus on the unique aspects of the application.
		Case (respondent) data is read and written using the standard ADO interface, using a subset of standard SQL commands, extended with a set of functions which provide such features as the ability to access and manipulate multi-response ("multipunch") category variables.
		The data model is "open" on two levels: first, it is built around open, industry-standard technologies; and second, it provides an open, published interface (API) for the use of one and all.
	www.spss.com /Data_Model/whitepaper.htm (2778 words)

	Amazon.com: The Data Model Resource Book, Vol. 1: A Library of Universal Data Models for All Enterprises: Books: Len ... (Site not responding. Last check: )
		You can use the data models, designs, and scripts as templates or starting points for your own modeling, an introduction to subject areas you might not be familiar with, a reference to validate your existing models, and a help to building an enterprise data architecture.
		Silverston's data modelling style is more informal than mine in that he does follow many common standard approaches to creating and naming modelling objects, but deviates from them in several places.
		I have seen a lot of overbuilt data models that had lots of entities that were rarely used and contributed to a significant amount of clutter and generally overwhelmed developers with useless details and planning for corner cases that never happened.
	www.amazon.com /Data-Model-Resource-Book-Vol/dp/0471380237 (3833 words)

	Data Model and I/O
		The purpose of this chapter is to describe the model that is used as the basis for MINOS persistable records and the I/O related management of those records.
		The data model is defined by the classes that are used to store the data, the data structures that are used to store the data objects, and the organizational scheme that is used to store the data in the data structures and the data structures in the files.
		The class version number should be incremented whenever the data members of the class change, for example when the data member order is changed, a new member is added or an old member is removed, or the type of a data member changes.
	www-numi.fnal.gov /offline_software/srt_public_context/doc/UserManual/node14.html (1927 words)

	Data model - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		For example, in the relational model, the structural part is based on a modified concept of the mathematical relation; the integrity part is expressed in first-order logic and the manipulation part is expressed using the relational algebra, tuple calculus and domain calculus.
		This is transformed into a physical Data Model Instance from which is generated a physical database.
		This model is transformed into a relational model, which in turn generates a relational database.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Data_model (310 words)

	Data Models
		Data models should include the definition of common map products and their associated map scales.
		Each dataset's adherence to a specific data model guideline should also be noted (e.g., hydrology data model) in the metadata.
		For example, the land records and the ArcHydro data models are based on strong standards work in these respective communities over the past decade.
	www.esri.com /software/arcgis/geodatabase/about/data-models.html (785 words)

	XML.com: A Data Model for Strongly Typed XML
		The data model is based on the XML Infoset with two significant additions.
		nodes in the XQuery and XPath 2.0 data model are analogous to
		This aspect of the data model is currently underspecified and the relationship between the data passed to a constructor and that retrieved by accessors on the constructed node is unclear.
	www.xml.com /pub/a/2002/12/19/datamodel.html (1954 words)

	NatureServe: Standards & Methods > Biodiversity Data Model
		NatureServe's biodiversity data model, the focus of refinement and evolution over more than 25 years, reflects a set of inventory and data management standards and protocols referred to as natural heritage methodology.
		Element-referenced objects incorporated in the data model include information that relates to a species or community's identity (including name and classification), status, general distribution, and life history characteristics.
		Spatial entities in the data model include the location and bounds of a species population or community stand, sites of ecological, scientific, or conservation interest, and areas under protective management.
	www.natureserve.org /prodServices/biodatamodel.jsp (282 words)

	Open Archives Initiative
		A meeting was held on April 4, 2008 at the Open Repositories 2008 meeting at the University of Southampton to roll-out the third alpha release of the OAI-ORE specifications.
		These specifications describe a data model to identify and describe aggregations of web resources, and the encoding of the data model in the XML-based Atom syndication format.
		A meeting was held on March 3, 2008 at Johns Hopkins University to roll-out the second alpha release of the OAI-ORE specifications.
	www.openarchives.org (285 words)

	Dime's data model
		A Data Model like used in Dime is the homogenous collection of most if not all available data of the application.
		Because the Data Model itself is just a mapping to the real data, the convience of the interface and it's implementation are the main goals to achieve.
		Data Model Providers should always be polite in cases of invalid calls to their interface functions by at least ignoring them.
	www.worldforge.org /wf/project/newsletters/May2002/DataModelFW (2609 words)

	XQuery 1.0 and XPath 2.0 Data Model (XDM)
		The data model can represent various values including not only the input and the output of a stylesheet or query, but all values of expressions used during the intermediate calculations.
		Although this document describes construction of an instance of the data model in terms of infoset properties, an infoset is not a necessary precondition for building an instance of the data model.
		However, the data model also allows qualified names to exist as freestanding atomic values, or as the name or value of a parentless attribute node, and in these cases no namespace context is available.
	www.w3.org /TR/xpath-datamodel (8983 words)

	Data Model Dictionary
		Data Store - A data store in a PAM represents a place to put information, either temporarily from process to process, or permanently as a final or finished result of a process.
		Data affiliated with a particular process should be collated in a natural manner; however, should there be tens of data pertaining to a specific process, secondary definition of sub-processes is desirable.
		Data flow diagrams are one of the most common methods used to perform data discovery.
	www.datamodel.org /DataModelDictionary.html (4920 words)

	The importance of a common data model
		Before we even start to consider why a common data model might be important we had better be clear what it is. A data model defines the relationships between disparate data entities within a particular environment, thus establishing the context within which those entities have meaning.
		Thus you will have a data model underpinning your CRM system and your databases will each be predicated upon their own data model (in this case called a schema).
		If you don't happen to be a telco and don't already have an internal architecture group creating a common model, you may have to build your own common data model (iteratively) or start from one of the industry models available from standards bodies or data warehousing vendors.
	www.it-director.com /technology/applications/content.php?cid=10292 (947 words)

	Topic Maps — Data Model
		The purpose of the data model is to define the interpretation of the Topic Maps interchange syntaxes, and to serve as a foundation for the definition of supporting standards for canonicalization, querying, constraints, and so on.
		An instance of this data model consists of a number of information items, each one of which is an abstract representation of a topic map construct.
		Certain properties in the model are specified as computed properties, which means that they are specified in terms of how their values may be produced from other properties in the model.
	www.isotopicmaps.org /sam/sam-model (7604 words)

	DATA MODEL NAMING STANDARDS
		This logical/physical approach to data modeling has one type of schema in the logical model and two types of schemas in the physical model.
		The physical implementation requirements of the data are represented by the internal schema, which is part of the physical model.
		Since the modeling exercise is meant to discover all data of interest to the user, it is important to find out the contents of "fl holes" and model them as separate attributes.
	www.lifecycle-toolkit.com /tools/nmngcnv/modelstd/namest.htm (5397 words)

	IODP-USIO: Data & Core Samples: Janus Data Model
		The Janus database is based on a relational data model consisting of over 450 tables.
		The complete data model is too big to view on a computer monitor or on paper.
		The data model was originally developed using System Architect and is now maintained using Computer Associates ERwin data modeling software.
	iodp.tamu.edu /database/janusmodel.html (94 words)

	Marine Data Model - ESRI Support
		Join the data model user group if you are an existing ArcGIS customer and want to learn more about design and architecture of personal or enterprise Geodatabase and become a part of ESRI’s growing data model community.
		The model considers how marine and coastal data can be most effectively integrated in 3 and 4D space and time and includes an approach towards a volumetric model to represent the multidimensional and dynamic nature of ocean data and processes.
		They are designed to work with the data model templates and case studies, and can be used with the model, or with other data sets.
	support.esri.com /index.cfm?fa=downloads.dataModels.filteredGateway&dmid=21 (865 words)

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