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Topic: Deadweight loss

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Dead weight loss

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	In the Agora: "The Deadweight Loss of Christmas"
		Deadweight losses are highest where the giver is most ignorant of the preferences of the recipient, for example, an elderly member of the recipient's extended family.
		The Austrian School says that gift-giving absolutely cannot result in a deadweight loss -- or else people wouldn't be doing it.
		I think that there is an enormous deadweight loss in all the money that is spent on religious ritual in the United States.
	www.intheagora.com /archives/2005/11/the_deadweight.html (2510 words)

	Deadweight loss (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		In economics, a deadweight loss is a permanent loss of well being to society that occurs when equilibrium for a good or service is not Pareto optimal, (that at least one individual could be made better off without others being made worse off).
		Deadweight loss can be caused by monopoly pricing (or even pricing in markets with high fixed costs), externalities or taxes or subsidies.
		Furthermore, the dead weight loss usually increases exponentially with regards to the size of the tax in question, meaning a widely spread (among a wide variety of goods and services) tax is less harmful overall then a tax on few goods.
	pedia.newsfilter.co.uk /wikipedia/d/de/deadweight_loss.html (226 words)

	Info and facts on 'Deadweight loss' (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The term deadweight loss may also be referred to as the "excess burden of monopoly" or taxation (The imposition of taxes; the practice of the government in levying taxes on the subjects of a state).
		The latter is related to the concept of consumer surplus (additional info and facts about consumer surplus), such that it can be shown that the Marshallian deadweight loss is zero where demand or supply is perfectly elastic (An elastic fabric made of yarns containing an elastic material) or inelastic.
		Hicks analysed the situation through indifference curves (additional info and facts about indifference curves) and noted that even in the absence of a substitution effect (perfect inelasticity), a policy or economic situation which causes a distortion in relative prices will have an income effect and that this income effect is a deadweight loss.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/d/de/deadweight_loss.htm (201 words)

	Chapter 8
		Taxes have deadweight losses because they cause buyers to consume less and sellers to produce less, and this change in behavior shrinks the size of the market below the level that maximizes total surplus.
		deadweight loss: the fall in total surplus that results from a market distortion, such as a tax.
		The deadweight loss is the area of a triangle and the area of a triangle depends on the square of its size.
	www.seattlecentral.org /faculty/jhubert/manch08.html (1363 words)

	Deadweight loss (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
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	www.serebella.com /encyclopedia/article-Deadweight_loss.html (392 words)

	Deadweight loss - Encyclopedia.WorldSearch (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		An important distinction should be drawn between Hicksian and Marshallian dead weight loss.
		Hicks analysed the situation through indifference curves and noted that even in the absence of a substitution effect (perfect inelasticity) a policy or economic situation which causes a distortion in relative prices will have an income effect and that this income effect is a dead weight loss.
		Correct and incorrect measures of the deadweight loss of taxation (Rapport 83)
	encyclopedia.worldsearch.com /deadweight_loss.htm (355 words)

	What is deadweight loss, really (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Deadweight loss is an inefficiency in the market.
		Imposing a tax on consumers will result in the same triangle and the same deadweight loss, but the new equilibrium point is at the bottom (not the top) of the triangle.
		The triangle defining deadweight loss is now on the right side of the old equilibrium, but the way we find it is the same.
	www.rhsmith.umd.edu /faculty/jbailey/ents630/dloss.html (546 words)

	The economics of festival gifts
		The basic insight he provided was of what he called "The deadweight* loss of Christmas." This can equally mean the "The deadweight loss of Diwali." It arises from the fact that the recipient usually gets something he doesn't want.
		Deadweight loss consists of the net loss in social welfare on account of benefits differing from the foregone opportunity cost.
		If he has to choose something else or is given something else, the difference is the deadweight loss, said Waldfogel.
	www.rediff.com /money/2004/nov/14guest1.htm (677 words)

	Tax Reduction and Economic Welfare
		Yet the deadweight loss and tax/growth literature suggests that any undesirable inflationary impact that a tax cut would have from increasing aggregate demand should be offset soon, if not simultaneously, by increases in aggregate supply arising from the reduction in deadweight losses and the stimulus to the formation and use of human and physical capital.
		The 40 cent welfare loss per tax dollar estimate is a reasonable midrange evaluation of a number of studies of the issues using different methodologies, data sets, and time periods.
		This would be the case if the deadweight losses grow 3.5 percent a year with economic growth and the rate of interest is 5.5 percent, approximately equal to the recent interest rate of federal long term obligations as of this writing.
	www.house.gov /jec/fiscal/tax/reduce.htm (3048 words)

	Deadweight Loss (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The average GB Adjusted Deadweight Pig Price for 2004 is quoted at 102.55p leaving a typical producer with a loss of almost 9p/kg deadweight for every pig...
		Indeed, Christmas has that most dreaded of all economic consequences, âdeadweight loss,â a permanent detriment to the well-being of society.
		Economists call it a "deadweight loss." For example, with a sales tax people buy a little less than they otherwise would; with an income tax, people generate a...
	www.wikiverse.org /deadweight-loss (188 words)

	Taxes, Deadweight Loss and Intertemporal Female Labor Supply
		The estimate of compensated elasticity for females in the sample is 1.4 using random effects estimator and 1.35 using semiparametric fixed effect estimator.
		I estimate exact deadweight loss from taxes and find that deadweight loss from a 20% increase in the marginal tax rate is about 30% of tax revenue collected, evaluated at the sample mean.
		The deadweight loss from taxation of wife’s labor income from 1980-1987, for a median household is estimated to be 57% of tax revenue as opposed to 49% for a switch to a revenue-neutral proportional tax system.
	www-cpr.maxwell.syr.edu /cprwps/wps61abs.htm (347 words)

	The Individual Alternative Minimum Tax: No Alternative But Repeal
		This reduction of $2.3 billion is the amount people pay to their tax preparer, the loss of time, the cost to the government to enforce and collect tax payments, etc. Readers may have noticed that the government is listed as both the producer and the receiver of taxes.
		While it is true that people are employed in the course of the deadweight loss (tax attorneys, accountants, IRS auditors, etc.), this deadweight loss is net of their benefit.
		The deadweight loss of the AMT, due to its deviation from its design, is evident when it is considered that in 1998, 25 percent of the taxpayers subject to AMT (mainly wealthy taxpayers) paid 81 percent of its liabilities.
	www.ntu.org /main/press_papers.php?PressID=577&org_name=NTU (9849 words)

	CHAPTER 9
		Deadweight loss is equal to the areas B and C.
		Deadweight loss is equal to the area C + B, which is equal to $12.6 billion.
		The deadweight loss of the quota decreases by area b+e+d+g, which is equal to $109.5 million.
	www.coloradocollege.edu /DEPT/EC/Faculty/Smith/EC2070102/chap_09answers.htm (6129 words)

	SSRN-Tax Avoidance and the Deadweight Loss of the Income Tax by Martin Feldstein
		Deadweight losses are substantially greater than these conventional estimates because the traditional framework ignores the effect of higher income tax rates on tax avoidance through changes in the form of compensation (e.g., employer paid health insurance) and through changes in the patterns of consumption (e.g., owner occupied housing).
		The deadweight loss due to the increased use of exclusions and deductions is easily calculated.
		These estimates using TAXSIM calibrated to 1994 imply that the deadweight loss per dollar of revenue of using the income tax rather than a lump sum tax is more than twelve times as large as Harberger's classic estimate.
	papers.ssrn.com /sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=225834 (511 words)

	Encyclopedia: Deadweight loss
		Sir John Richard Hicks (April 8, 1904 - May 20, 1989) was one of the most important and influential economists of the twentieth century.
		In economics, a deadweight loss is a permanent loss of well being to society that can occur when equilibrium for a good or service is not
		Deadweight loss can be caused by monopoly pricing (or even pricing in markets with high fixed costs),
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Deadweight-loss (724 words)

	[No title]
		A tax on beer would have a larger deadweight loss than a tax on milk, since the demand for beer is more elastic than the demand for milk and the deadweight loss of a tax is larger the greater is the elasticity of demand.
		The deadweight loss from a tax on heating oil is likely to be greater in the fifth year after it is imposed rather than the first year.
		As Figure 10 shows, the area of the triangle (laid on its side) that represents the deadweight loss is 1/2 x base x height, where the base is the change in the price, which is the size of the tax (T) and the height is the amount of the decline in quantity (2T/3).
	www.econ.umn.edu /~fyang/Summer03_1101/Ch8.doc (3030 words)

	Deinonychus antirrhopus: Taxes and Deadweight Loss (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		This is a social loss in the sense that it is the cost of moving money around and not doing anything productive.
		The efficiency loss is the area in the two triangles referred to as deadweight loss.
		Deadweight loss results because taxes increase the price for the consumers and decreases the price for the suppliers.
	www.steveverdon.com /archives/000080.html (436 words)

	NCPA - Study #215 - Measuring the Burden of High Taxes
		In this paper, deadweight loss is used in the latter sense.
		The marginal deadweight loss is the change in the difference between potential and actual GDP over time divided by the change in real taxes.
		The marginal deadweight loss is found by regressing the difference between real potential and actual GDP on real taxes.
	www.ncpa.org /studies/s215/s215d.html (1071 words)

	Unit 3 Chapter 13 Notes: deadweight loss in monopoly (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Deadweight loss usually occurs with monopolies because monopoly price typically exceeds MC.
		The second is the loss of both consumer and producer surplus by society, or deadweight loss.
		This is signified by triangles 1 and 2.
	openet.ola.bc.ca /econ200/unit3s-micro/chapter13/C13deadweight.html (194 words)

	Deadweight Loss Encyclopedia Article, Description, History and Biography @ ArtisticNudity.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
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	www.artisticnudity.com /search/encyclopedia/Deadweight_loss (382 words)

	[No title]
		Taxation In the Absence of Deadweight Losses In this section, we continue to assume that agent n is the government.
		When there are no deadweight losses ((=0), in the None setting, the agent who is the dictator choose t=1.
		Deadweight Loss from Taxation In the Full and Partial institutions, Theorems 1, 3, and 4 continue to hold.
	www.princeton.edu /~rosentha/inequality21-3-99.doc (4012 words)

	sultan-prague ? Ansi quick weight loss kit
		In economics, a deadweight loss also known as excess burden is a loss of economic efficiency that can occur when equilibrium for a good or service is not Pareto optimal.
		The term deadweight loss may also be referred to as the excess burden of monopoly or the excess burden of taxation.
		The latter is related to the concept of consumer surplus, such that it can be shown that the Marshallian deadweight loss is zero where demand is perfectly elastic or supply is perfectly inelastic.
	ansi-aqwlk.sultan-prague.cz (698 words)

	[No title]
		The Determinants of the Deadweight Loss It is very easy to see that the relative elasticity of supply and demand will determine the size of the deadweight loss: Taxes on goods or services with low elasticity of demand or supply will create the smaller deadweight losses.
		Deadweight Loss and Tax Revenue as Taxes Vary Determining the optimal size of a tax is no small problem because as a tax increases in size (ceteris paribus) the deadweight loss grows faster than the revenue collected from the tax: Small taxes generate little revenue and create a small deadweight loss.
		If we plot in a graph the relationship between the size of the tax and the size of the deadweight loss we come up with a curve that has an exponentially-growing positive slope.
	titan.iwu.edu /~dmendez/principles/Chapter_08.doc (494 words)

	Deadweight Loss
		The costs to society created by an inefficiency in the market.
		Mainly used in economics, the term "deadweight loss" can be applied to any deficiency due to an inefficient allocation of resources.
		Lost production due to inaccurate forecasting for labor is an example of a deadweight loss.
	www.investopedia.com /terms/d/deadweightloss.asp (230 words)

	SSRN-Remedies for Price Overcharges: The Deadweight Loss of Coupons and Discounts by A. Polinsky, Daniel Rubinfeld
		We show nonetheless that the resulting deadweight loss could be lower under the discount remedy.
		We also consider how the deadweight loss changes when the length of the remedy period is increased - by extending the expiration date for the use of coupons or by employing a lower discount for a longer period of time.
		The deadweight loss may or may not decline under the coupon remedy, though it does decline under the discount remedy.
	papers.ssrn.com /sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=471001 (497 words)

	Intertemporal Extrapolation of the Deadweight loss of Christ (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Intertemporal Extrapolation of the Deadweight loss of Christmas In The Deadweight Loss of Christmas, Joel Waldfogel concludes that from a microeconomic perspective on consumers’ choice, gift-giving creates a principal-agent problem, where the giver (agent) may not be fully informed of the recipient’s (principal’s) need, and potentially results in deadweight loss.
		The loss is as large as between 10 percent and a third of the value of the gift.
		The size of the deadweight loss has a negative relationship with the giver’s acquaintance with the recipient’s preference and a positive correlation with the recipient’s knowledge of her own preference.
	www.radessays.com /viewpaper/22012/Drug_Crimes_in_Mexico.html (285 words)

	Costs of Protection (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		In words, the deadweight loss is one half of the product of the tariff rate, the percentage reduction in imports due to the tariff, and the value of imports.
		This amounts to a deadweight loss of $2.25 billion.
		Examining other tariff rates illustrates how increases in the tariff rate has magnified effects on the magnitude of the deadweight loss.
	www.appstate.edu /~whiteheadjc/ECO3410/Notes/Policy/costs_of_protection.htm (310 words)

	Deadweight loss - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		Deadweight loss - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		This page was last modified 20:16, 5 November 2005.
		This encyclopedia, history, geography and biography article about Deadweight loss contains research on
	www.arikah.com /encyclopedia/Dead_weight_loss (283 words)

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