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Topic: Debris flows

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	Debris flow - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Debris flows are often referred to as mudslides, mudflows, jökulhlaups, or debris avalanches.
		Debris flows may be generated when hillside colluvium or landslide material becomes rapidly saturated with water and flows into a channel.
		Debris flows and floods may also occur when strong rains on hill or mountain slopes cause extensive erosion and/or what is known as "channel scour".
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Debris_flow (330 words)

	GIS/EM4 - Ecological change under pressure of urban development
		The debris flow path results were used to identify streams in a spatial aquatic habitat database that were potentially subject to debris flow influences.
		A debris flow routing algorithm was applied to the DEM and used the areas identified as high risk by the shallow landslide model as starting points for debris flows.
		Support for the contribution of debris flows to quality aquatic habitat conditions was present in the significantly higher number of large boulders found in debris flow impacted stream reaches than in non-impacted stream reaches.
	www.colorado.edu /research/cires/banff/pubpapers/35 (0 words)

	Debris Flow Determination (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Type II flows consist 15-20% water weight content, lower shear strength of that of a Type I. Flows tend to occupy pre-existing channels that have been partly eroded by the flow itself and are partially bounded by levees of coarser sediments.
		The upper boundary consisted of a change in facies with Flow 1 and the lower boundary was a sharp and consisted of a linear medium- to fine-grained sand layer.
		Flow 5 consisted of a silty-clay matrix, with most of the clasts located at the lower section or boundary with a thin medium- to fine-grained sand layer.
	tvl1.geo.uc.edu /ice/projects/lab99/HW799/Barb/Barb.html (0 words)

	Modeling the Interaction of Landslides, Debris Flows, and the Channel Network
		We are developing such a model that incorporates vegetation influences on landslide initiation, debris flow runout, and meso-scale (i.e., decadal to century) channel morphologic change.
		Contiguous, channel-adjacent debris flow source areas are aggregated, and debris flows from these areas are routed through the channel network and interact with the sediment and wood stored in the channel.
		Debris flow must entrain fallen wood on the surface and standing trees in its path to continue.
	www.fsl.orst.edu /~slancast/agusprin.htm (0 words)

	Landslide and Debris Flow (Mudslide)
		Debris flows, sometimes referred to as mudslides, mudflows, lahars, or debris avalanches, are common types of fast-moving landslides.
		Debris flows from many different sources can combine in channels, and their destructive power may be greatly increased.
		Debris flow may be covered by flood insurance policies from the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP).
	www.disastercenter.com /guide/landslide.html (0 words)

	The Changing Rapids of Grand Canyon:Debris Flows
		Debris flows have a sediment concentration of eighty percent and higher in Grand Canyon, and I classify them as a fluvial process because of their saturation with water.
		The highest frequency of debris flows occurs in Marble Canyon, particularly in tributaries in the vicinity of the Roaring 20s, where the river’s course is south-southwest.
		Debris flows from side canyons create the rest, although the severity of some rapids, particularly Bedrock, are greatly enhanced by bedrock obstructions.
	www.gcrg.org /bqr/14-2/debris.html (0 words)

	City of College Station - Landslides / Debris Flows (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Debris and mud flows are rivers of rock, earth, and other debris saturated with water.
		Be particularly observant of your surrounding area before and during intense storms that could heighten the possibility of landslide or debris flow from heavy rains.
		A trickle of flowing or falling mud or debris may precede larger landslides.
	www.cstx.gov /home/index.asp?page=1986 (0 words)

	Speaking of Debris Flows...
		The initial debris flow pulse of the Tanner debris flow, termed the “bouldery snout,” was quite large, but probably lasted only a matter of seconds; long enough, though, to dam the main channel of the creek temporarily.
		The debris flows of the 20th were also triggered by thunderstorms which lasted several hours and affected the river corridor from Havasu Creek down to Fern Glen; notice all the new talus that was produced by this storm next time you’re floating that stretch.
		Remember that a debris flow is as likely to occur in the middle of the night as in the day, and may be triggered by as little as one hour of intense rain.
	www.gcrg.org /bqr/7-1/debris-flows.htm (0 words)

	Department of Geology and Mineral Industries Debris flow advisories and warnings
		Debris flows are rapidly moving landslides, commonly destroying almost everything in their paths and sometimes traveling for well over a mile.
		In contrast, debris flow advisories should serve as a reminder to landowners and other road managers of the responsibility to check drainage systems and to conduct needed maintenance in case a warning situation does occur.
		Advisories, which alert general locations on the possibility of severe weather which could trigger debris flow, are issued when rainfall is expected to reach a specific threshold for either a 6 hour, 12 hour or 24 hour period.
	www.oregon.gov /DOGAMI/Landslide/debrisflow1.shtml (0 words)

	Debris flows through different forest age classes in the central Oregon Coast Range Journal of the American Water ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Debris flows that initiated at roads were significantly longer than nonroad related failures, and road related landslides were an order of magnitude larger than nonroad related landslides.
		No statistically significant difference in the average debris flow runout length was detected among the forest age classes, although debris flows initiating in clearcuts and mixed forest and at roads occasionally supported extremely long runout lengths that were outside the range of variability observed in completely forested basins.
		Debris flows form a critical link between hillslope and fluvial processes in many mountain streams because this process episodically transports large volumes of hillslope derived sediment and wood, and redistributes material that has been stored in small streams for decades or even centuries.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa4038/is_200208/ai_n9118780 (0 words)

	Mount Rainier Aug 2001 Debris Flows
		The location of the flows in Van Trump Creek is puzzling owing to the small amount of permanent snow and ice in the basin, but we assume that the flows are related to release of meltwater that has accumulated over the past week or more of hot sunny weather.
		We recognize that the cause of the debris flows is the diversion of water into the Van Trump drainage from the Kautz Glacier through a shallow notch in its left lateral moraine just beyond Wapowety Cleaver.
		Debris flows similar in scale similar to those of August in Van Trump Creek occur chiefly in late summer in valleys that head on Mount Rainier's glaciers, owing to glacial outburst floods and intense rainfall that disrupts glacier termini (Walder and Driedger, 1994).
	glaciercaves.com /html/mountr_12.HTM (0 words)

	Debris Flows Damage Houses, 09/02 - Utah Geological Survey
		The debris flows started high in the drainages on the east side of Dry Mountain that burned in the 2001 Mollie wildfire, a human-caused fire that burned 8,000 acres between August 18 and September 1, 2001.
		This debris flow moved and partially buried several vehicles, broke through a house wall, and entered other houses through broken basement windows and doors.
		A debris flow in Spring Lake filled part of the High Line irrigation canal with sediment, causing flooding in addition to debris-flow damage.
	geology.utah.gov /utahgeo/hazards/landslide/flows0902.htm (0 words)

	[No title]
		Debris flows are granular fluids with high bulk density, and exhibit the property of strength resulting from particle interactions due to high concentration of particles.
		Grains are supported in debris flows by mass effects caused by high concentration (e.g., cohesive strength, frictional strength, viscous resistance and dispersive pressure), and by turbulence and pore-fluid expulsion.
		A coarse-grained debris flow can be most easily characterized by grain size parameters of the matrix phase, and matrix competence can be characterized by a measure of the largest fragments (e.g., the average of the five largest particles within a specified area, e.g.
	volcanology.geol.ucsb.edu /lahar.htm (0 words)

	CVO Website - Mudflows, Debris Flows, and Lahars
		Destructive mudflows and debris flows began within minutes of the onset of the May 18 eruption, as the hot pyroclastic materials in the debris avalanche, lateral blast, and ash falls melted snow and glacial ice on the upper slopes of Mount St. Helens.
		Debris flows may be either hot or cold, depending on their manner of origin and temperature of their constituent debris.
		As a debris flow moves downstream from Mount Rainier's steep flanks onto relatively gentle slopes, the flow's bouldery snout may clog the stream channel; the moving mass behind the snout may then overtop the banks and cut a new channel, perhaps through forest or across trails and roads.
	vulcan.wr.usgs.gov /Glossary/Lahars/description_lahars.html (0 words)

	[No title]
		Debris flows are made of exactly what the name suggests: debris.
		Debris flows occur when rain water begins to wash material from a slope or when water sheets off of a freshly burned stretch of land.
		Debris flows happen so rapidly that there is really no way to monitor one until it is on top of you.
	members.tripod.com /~Jenn2000/debrisflows.html (0 words)

	Sediment Gravity Flows (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Cohesive freezing of a subaqueous debris flow may produce a turbidity current as a suspended sediment resulting from turbulence associated with the debris flow may continue downslope.
		In addition to the lower portion of grain flows being reverse graded, most of the grain flow deposit is typically massive, and grain flow deposits may contain scour or injection structures at their base.
		Debris flows are sediment gravity flows that commonly behave as bingham plastics or thixotropic substances.
	www2.umt.edu /geology/faculty/hendrix/g432/g432_L10.htm (0 words)

	Debris flows
		The physical understanding of the mechanisms that trigger the stability, the mobilization, the flow and the arrest of these saturated and weakly consolidated sediment masses is a scientific challenge with important implications in the domains of the geomorphology, the environment, and the rock mechanics.
		While the physics of rock avalanches is mainly controlled by solid interactions between particles and mud flows are mainly dominated by fluid forces, debris flow involve complex interactions between the solid and the fluid phases.
		In view of the complexity of the mechanisms involved in debris flows, it is important to first consider simple physical models at the scale of the particles even if such analysis and its integration into phenomenological models through internal variables remains a challenging problem.
	www.ipgp.jussieu.fr /rech/ModTom/English/Debris.html (0 words)

	July 2004 fire-related debris flows - Utah Geological Survey
		The fire-related debris flows were in the same general location as the two northernmost flows of September 12th, 2002; however, the July 2004 flows were smaller and did not travel as far north as the 2002 flows (see maps below).
		Conversely, the September 2002 flows resulted in significant damage to a subdivision due to a large volume of debris that originated from a drainage farther to the south.
		The larger debris flow is located southwest of Spring Lake and traveled to the northwest, filling part of the High Line irrigation canal with cobbles and silt.
	geology.utah.gov /utahgeo/hazards/landslide/flows0704/flow0704.htm (0 words)

	UCSB Press Release: "UCSB SCIENTISTS STUDY ANCIENT DEBRIS FLOWS"
		Such debris flow deposits are most dramatically expressed at Rocky Nook Park and on the grounds of the Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, just north of the Santa Barbara Mission.
		The finer particles that were initially between the boulders drain away with the water in the debris flow, leaving the pile of open framework boulders behind.
		The cause of the prehistoric Mission debris flow is of considerable interest to Selting and Keller.
	www.ia.ucsb.edu /pa/display.aspx?pkey=610 (0 words)

	Farmington Debris Flows - Utah Geological Survey
		Davis County and Farmington have a long history of flooding and debris flows, and as a result many of the larger drainages such as Farmington and Rudd Canyons are protected by debris basins.
		A debris flow crossed North Compton Road and buried the driveway, pushing the trucks and breaking the lower garage door panel.
		The debris flow exceeded the channel capacity of the small alluvial-fan channel in the foreground and flowed onto the fan surface.
	geology.utah.gov /utahgeo/hazards/landslide/farmington040604.htm (0 words)

	Section 7 - Earth Movement (Landslides & Debris Flows) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Rapidly moving landslides or debris flows present the greatest risk to human life, and people living in or traveling through areas prone to rapidly moving landslides are at increased risk of serious injury.
		Debris flows normally occur when a landslide moves downslope as a semi-fluid mass scouring, or partially scouring soils from the slope along its path.
		Flows are typically rapidly moving and also tend to increase in volume as they scour out the channel.
	www.westcov.org /fire/hazard/page11.html (0 words)

	Geog 322
		They are called debris flows by geomorphologists, landslides or mudslides by journalists, and "rapidly moving landslides" in Oregon laws, but they are all basically the same thing.
		Although debris flows on public lands (particularly national forests) have caused environmental problems, most of the debris flows that threatened human safety or buildings have been related to private lands rather than public lands.
		Debris flows are a form of non-point source pollution.
	geography.uoregon.edu /mcdowell/geog322/2001/debrisflows.htm (0 words)

	National Weather Hydrology Laboratory
		One method of modeling this special flow is to use the one-dimensional dynamic unsteady flow equations by adding an additional friction slope term in the momentum equation according to the rheological properties of flowing mud/debris-water mixtures.
		Also, a new wave-front tracking scheme is developed for modeling the mud/debris flow situations where a steep-fronted leading edge of the mud/debris wave propagates along an initially dry channel (zero initial flow), and the downstream boundary of the unsteady mud/debris flow is the wave front.
		Since the initial flow is almost zero, the new wave- front tracking option is selected for the routing, and Eq.(5) is used to determine the friction slope associated with the internal viscous dissipation of the mud/debris flow.
	www.nws.noaa.gov /oh/hrl/papers/fldwav/1dim-mud.htm (0 words)

	The physics of debris flows
		Analyses of flows of dry, granular solids and solid-fluid mixtures provide a foundation for a comprehensive debris flow theory, and experiments provide data that reveal the strengths and limitations of theoretical models.
		In debris flows, however, pore fluid that is highly viscous and nearly incompressible, composed of water with suspended silt and clay, can strongly mediate intergranular friction and collisions.
		Furthermore, because debris flows characteristically originate as nearly rigid sediment masses, transform at least partly to liquefied flows, and then transform again to nearly rigid deposits, acceptable models must simulate an evolution of material behavior without invoking preternatural changes in material properties.
	www.agu.org /pubs/crossref/1997/97RG00426.shtml (0 words)

	Royse Debris Flow
		The creek flowed between the residence of Carol and Hersh Royse and Carol's sisters' house to the west.
		When this creek was blocked by debris, subsequent flows were diverted straight towards their house (above, see also a 1:250 scale map of the Royse Debris flow deposit).
		The Royse debris flows were initiated by runoff from four consecutive days of record rainfall (32 cm in 4 days) combined with melting of the snowpack at higher elevations.
	geomechanics.geol.pdx.edu /Projects/Dodson (0 words)

	Landslides (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Debris flows (also referred to as mudslides, mudflows or debris avalanches) are a common type of fast-moving landslide that generally occurs during intense rainfall on previously saturated soil.
		Debris flows from different sources can combine in canyons and channels, where their destructive power can be greatly increased.
		Rock falls and debris flows onto roadways are common during rainstorms and often occur during milder rainfall conditions than needed for debris flows on natural slopes.
	www.ci.pacifica.ca.us /POLICE/landslide.htm (0 words)

	Annenberg Media Exhibits -- Volcanoes - Judging Hazards
		Pyroclastic flows are mixtures of very hot gas and tephra that cascade down a volcano's sides at high speeds.
		Debris flows, fragments of mud and other debris that flow down the sides of a volcano, are another serious and little-known hazard.
		Debris flows often form when part of the volcano collapses, breaking up and flowing downhill.
	www.learner.org /exhibits/volcanoes/judgehaz.html (0 words)

	Insight into a Record of Fire and Related Debris Flows in Southwestern Colorado: Using Geologic Mapping and Field ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Debris flows triggered by thunderstorms after the fire caused damage to homes, blocked transportation routes, and contaminated community water sources.
		Many of the ancient debris fans identified by mapping were the sites of the most extensive post-fire flooding and debris flows in the summer of 2002.
		Field studies and mapping done after the Missionary Ridge Fire led to the discovery of several ancient debris fans in the vicinity of Vallecito Reservoir that were incised by the recent flows and floods.
	www.unm.edu /~jdfrech/mappingAbs.html (0 words)

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