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	Debt bondage - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Debt bondage has been defined by the United Nations as a form of "modern day slavery" [1] and is prohibited by international law.
		According to Marxist economists, debt bondage is characteristic of feudal economies, where families are considered the responsible unit for financial relationships, and where heirs continue to owe parents' debts upon their deaths.
		Debt bondage is a form of disguised slavery in which the subject is not legally owned, but is instead bound by a contract to perform labor to work off a debt, under terms that make it impossible to completely retire the debt and thereby escape from the contract.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Debt_slavery (926 words)

	Bondage - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The word bondage is derived from the Middle English bonde ("serf"), which came from the Old English (Anglo-Saxon) word bōnda ("husbandman"), which itself comes from the Old Norse bōndi, the past participle of būa ("to live").
		Debt bondage, a modern form of slavery in which people are bound by debt, rather than legal ownership.
		The term bondage is also used figuratively in religion, to mean spiritual attachment, such as to the physical world, or an evil compelling force, such as original sin.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Bondage (228 words)

	Anti-Slavery - Submissions 1998 - Debt bondage
		Child debt bondage is one of the principle abuses categorised as similar to slavery and prohibited by the United Nations' conventions against slavery.
		Nevertheless, we want to refer you to some of those past resolutions, for these stressed that debt bondage is the genuinely serious and horrendous violation of human rights which it is, and thus to convey to the outside world that the Working Group on Contemporary Forms of Slavery believes it requires urgent attention.
		We also suggest that whenever members of the Working Group conclude that debt bondage is an outstanding concern in a particular country, it should add its support to calls for specific legislation to define the offence and provide both for the punishment of those responsible and the rehabilitation of the victims.
	www.antislavery.org /archive/submission/submission1998-03Debt.htm (1712 words)

	ILO - International Programme on the Elimination of Child Labour: Child Labour Policy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The UN defines debt bondage as "the status or condition arising from a pledge by a debtor of his personal services or of those of a person under his control as security for a debt, if the value of those services are not respectively limited and defined".
		Bondage in the case of children is found in three principal forms according to whether it consists of a hereditary debt, an occasional debt or an advance on salary.
		Debt bondage often occurs in regions with semi-feudal land ownership structures where landless peasants have no other choice but to accept any kind of work, however badly remunerated or hazardous the work may be.
	www.ilo.org /public/english/standards/ipec/conf/oslo/act_bg.htm (10360 words)

	Debt bondage
		Debt bondage or bonded labor is a means of paying off a family's loans via the labour of family members or heirs.
		Peonage means an unfree labour system where laborers are bound in servitude until their debts are paid in full.
		According to Anti-Slavery International, "A person enters debt bondage when their labour is demanded as a means of repayment of a loan, or of money given in advance.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/debt_bondage (1040 words)

	Debt bondage (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Debt bondage has been defined by the United Nations as a form of "modern day slavery" [http://journalism.berkeley.edu/projects/asiaproject/Gupta.html] and is prohibited by international law.
		Debt Free and Prosperous Living, Inc Offers debt elimination services as well as educational products and tools to help individuals resolve debt problems.
		Debt Clock A Java-based national debt clock, calculates the Debt, including your own portion of it and many similar things, every second.
	www.serebella.com /encyclopedia/article-Debt_bondage.html (1085 words)

	Anti-Slavery - Submissions 2000 - Anti-Slavery Subindex
		Debt bondage is specifically defined as a practice similar to slavery in Article 1 (a) of the 1956 UN Supplementary Convention on the Abolition of Slavery, the Slave Trade and Institutions and Practices Similar to Slavery.
		While it is accepted that debt bondage exists in India, Nepal and Pakistan, there continues to be considerable controversy regarding the number of people actually held in bonded labour.
		The Working Group called for an in-depth global study of debt bondage to be carried out as early as 1978, but the UN Secretariat said that the resources were not available.
	www.antislavery.org /archive/submission/submission2000-BondLabour.htm (2301 words)

	India
		In India, these debts tend to be relatively modest, ranging on average from 500 rupees to 7,500 rupees,5 depending on the industry and the age and skill of the child.
		Bondage is a traditional worker-employer relationship in India, and the parents need the money-perhaps to pay for the costs of an illness, perhaps to provide a dowry to a marrying child, or perhaps-as is often the case-to help put food on the table.
		Both slavery and debt bondage grant significant powers of ownership to the master: the worker cannot seek employment elsewhere, the worker cannot refuse to work, the worker is subject to the master's demands twenty-four hours a day, and the master controls the worker's family.
	hrw.org /reports/1996/India3.htm (18759 words)

	Definition of Debt bondage
		It is either a kind of indenture or truck system, and is therefore also a form of unfree labour.
		Debt bondage has been defined by the United Nations as a form of "modern day slavery" [1] (http://journalism.berkeley.edu/projects/asiaproject/Gupta.html) and is prohibited by international law.
		In certain cases, student loans can be viewed as a contemporary form of debt bondage.
	www.wordiq.com /definition/Debt_bondage (942 words)

	Pakistan
		Bondage in agrarian regions involves the purchase and sale of peasants among landlords, the maintenance of private jails to discipline and punish peasants, the forcible transference of teachers who train peasants to maintain proper financial accounts, and a pattern of rape of peasant women by landlords and the police.
		To repay his various debts he took out a loan of Rs.1,500 [$45] from a jamadar and sold himself, his wife and three children into bondage at a brick-kiln on the outskirts of Kasur.
		However, the latter constantly increases the debt by claiming expenses for looking after "Anwar." As the debt increases it is becoming virtually impossible for her to repay the initial loan.
	www.hrw.org /reports/1995/Pakistan.htm (17398 words)

	Anti-Slavery and Development and Peace: Debt bondage
		Today, debt bondage is expanding through a combination of mass migration from poverty and the global demand for sources of cheap, expendable domestic labour, and cheap sexual gratification.
		Debt bondage is illegal in most countries where it is found, but governments are rarely willing to enforce the law, or to provide the mechanisms necessary to punish those who profit from it.
		The debts are incurred by charging workers for all costs involved in travel to the estates; by deducting the cost of tools from their wages, and by forcing them to pay inflated prices for food and alcohol at stores on the estates.
	www.devp.org /slavery/bondage.html (7612 words)

	Bondage (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Sexual bondage is the practice of tying people for their (or others') sexual pleasure.
		The practice of debt bondage refers to a latter day variant slavery in which people are bound by rather than legal ownership.
		The term bondage is also used figuratively in religion mean spiritual attachment such as to the world or an evil compelling force such Original Sin.
	www.freeglossary.com /Bondage (467 words)

	People's Weekly World Newspaper Online - Debt bondage Debt bondage
		Seeking security for their bankrupt system, billionaire lenders are trying to deepen debt bondage.
		Debt represents the terrible weight of the past, of a failing capitalist system, bearing down on the present and the future.
		On the workers’ terms, all debts to the billionaires and their agents will be canceled.
	www.pww.org /article/articleprint/3294 (662 words)

	Owed Justice - Recruited In Thailand--Sold On Japan
		We interviewed women who had recently escaped from debt bondage, as well as women who had paid off their debts and either returned to Thailand or continued working in Japan; we could not interview women while they were in debt bondage, due to the heavily controlled conditions of their employment.
		Human Rights Watch found that while the crime of debt bondage was closely linked to the crime of trafficking--as women were placed into debt bondage by the same networks that arranged their travel to Japan--women also could be "sold" into debt bondage in snack bars by persons unconnected to their travel into the country.
		Even in cases where women were released from debt within the promised time frame, the discretion that their employers exercised over the conditions of their employment, as well as over the debt repayment calculations, often qualified the arrangement as debt bondage.
	www.hrw.org /reports/2000/japan/6-sec-6-7-8.htm (20206 words)

	Debt Bondage (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Threats to the individual, the withholding of travel documents (under the pretext that they are needed to apply for a work permit), debt bondage to repay the...
		The result of forgiving is total liberation from the bondage of pain.
		He says modelling left him in debt, depressed and without an education after he...
	www.wikiverse.org /debt-bondage (938 words)

	stopVAW -- Debt Bondage and Trafficking in Women
		In the context of trafficking in women, debt bondage usually occurs when traffickers assist women in traveling, making illegal border crossings, and finding employment, often in the form of commercial sex work, and then require the women to "work off" the debt they owe for the services provided.
		Trafficked women are prevented from escaping their situation through debt bondage as well as retention of travel documents, violence and threats of violence against themselves or their families.
		Although it might not be immediately apparent that trafficking has occurred, it is important for officials to be aware of the fact that women encountered during such law enforcement activities may be in situations of debt bondage and that debt bondage is an indicator of trafficking.
	www.stopvaw.org /Debt_Bondage_and_Trafficking_in_Women.html (601 words)

	Bunyip Bondage (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Sexual bondage is the practice of tying people up for their (orothers') sexual pleasure.
		The practice of debt bondage refers to a latter day variant of slaveryin which people are bound by debt, rather than legal ownership.
		The term bondage is also used figuratively in religion, to mean spiritual attachment, suchas to the physical world, or an evil compelling force, such as Original Sin.
	www.swingdancemusic.com /send/30816-bunyip%20bondage.html (179 words)

	Debt Bondage, Irs Backup Withholding, News Australia Debt Slavery, Debt Free, Accounting? You found it! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Bondage Debt Similarly, a franchise network can fail, if its continuation is dependent on the sale of franchises, and insufficient investment is returned to the system from the royalties remitted by franchisees.
		Virginia state taxes The inclusion in the franchise agreement (and elsewhere such as a manual) of regulations and controls relating to the way the franchisee exploits its rights.
		Bondage debt The relationship between a franchisor and franchisee is a continuing one, in which each party is reliant on the other for their respective businesses to succeed.
	business.agtail.com /accounting/debt-bondage.html (291 words)

	Debt bondage in TutorGig Encyclopedia
		(Note, however, that the word ' peon' has broader implications and usage in Latin America.) Where children have to work due to debt bondage, this is considered a worst form of child labor.
		Although peons — from a technical point of view — are only obliged to a creditor monetarily, from a practical perspective, the resultant relationship of a peon to the creditor is destructive of basic personal autonomy within the society.
		Debt bondage has been defined by the United Nations as a form of "modern day slavery" http://journalism.berkeley.edu/projects/asiaproject/Gupta.html
	www.tutorgig.com /ed/Debt_bondage (1117 words)

	Debt Bondage, Cash Out Refinance, Pioneer Loans, Christian Debt Management, ? You found it! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Debt collection software The lien should be on property your spouse is to be awarded in the divorce, preferably property that means a lot to your spouse.
		Property Liens One way to protect yourself in a divorce negotiation if you think your spouse may be contemplating bankruptcy in the future is to take a security lien as a backup to debts your spouse is to pay you after the divorce.
		Consolidate debts of credit cards If you find yourself in this position, it makes sense to find a bankruptcy lawyer who can help you with all the issues.
	finance.agtail.com /debt-bondage.html (221 words)

	Bondage
		The word bondage, which is derived from the Middle English word for a serf, is today used in several different senses:
		Sexual bondage is the practice of tying people up for their (or others') sexual pleasure.
		The practice of debt bondage refers to a latter day variant of slavery in which people are bound by debt, rather than legal ownership.
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /encyclopedia/b/bo/bondage.html (176 words)

	Debt Bondage, Colorado Bankruptcy Court, National City Mortgage, Credit Cards Numbers, Consoladation? You found it! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Debt Bondage, Colorado Bankruptcy Court, National City Mortgage, Credit Cards Numbers, Consoladation?
		Bondage debt Equity As you can see from the above example, even though you pay a lot of interest up front, you're also slowly paying down the overall debt.
		How Mortgage Loans Work Excluding property taxes and insurance, a traditional fixed-rate mortgage payment consist of two parts: (1) interest on the loan and (2) payment towards the principal, or unpaid balance of the loan.
	finance.agtail.com /consoladation/debt-bondage.html (280 words)

	Debt Bondage, Debt Management Companies, Veterans Administration Streamline Mortgage Loans, Refinance Homes Rates, ? ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Debt Bondage The issue of customer security, or its lack, was highlighted again last month when the Commonwealth Bank revealed that its NetBank had suffered from fraud.
		Personal finances This is no surprise to Internet security analysts who agree that companies entrusted with customers' financial details often don't do enough to protect them from prying eyes.
		Online debt consolidation There are incentives in the system to protect consumers though, says the ACA's Catherine Wolzhuizen, with one being the "charge-back" mechanism.
	finance.resik.com /debt-bondage.html (221 words)

	Dáil Éireann - Volume 419 - 19 May, 1992 - Written Answers. - Debt Bondage in India.
		Allen asked the Minister for Foreign Affairs if he will approach the [1866] Indian Government in order to urge them to outlaw debt bondage.
		Andrews): I am aware of reports that the practice of debt bondage continues in India.
		In India, the Contract Labour Act 1970, the Bonded Labour System (Abolition) Act of 1976, and the Inter-State Migrant Workers Act 1979 are intended to protect workers in India against bonded labour.
	historical-debates.oireachtas.ie /D/0419/D.0419.199205190090.html (154 words)

	Debt Bondage Term Papers, Essay Research Paper Help, Essays on Debt Bondage
		If you would like to read detailed information about our Debt Bondage papers BEFORE submitting payment--such as a summary, the number of pages, year written, and number of sources--you may try our deluxe Debt Bondage Search Engine.
		We write Debt Bondage papers for research--24 hours a day, 7 days a week--on topics at every level of education.
		Equipped with proper research tools and sources, we write essays on Debt Bondage that are accurate and up-to-date.
	www.essaytown.com /topics/debt_bondage_essays_papers.html (926 words)

	Targeting Child Labor in Debt Bondage: Evidence, Theory, and Policy Implications
		Despite recent multilateral efforts to single out child labor in debt bondage as one of the worst forms of child labor, several important questions have yet to be addressed: How pervasive is the phenomenon?
		Are there systematic correlations between the incidence of children in debt bondage and the economic, legislative, and financial development indicators of the economy?
		The empirical findings suggest strong correlation between the likelihood of the incidence of child labor in debt bondage with the stage of development of an economy, the stage of financial development, and enforcement of core labor rights.
	ideas.repec.org /a/oup/wbecrv/v17y2003i2p255-281.html (270 words)

	Owed Justice: Thai Women Trafficked into Debt Bondage in Japan (Select Books)
		Based on careful research undertaken between 1994 and 1999 by the Women's Rights and Asian divisions of Human Rights Watch, this report brings to light the context, nature and depth of the debt bondage suffered by women trafficked from Thailand to work in Japan.
		Profiles are detailed for five women who exemplify the large but incalculable number involved.
		Accounts are presented of : the recruitment and selling systems in Thailand and Japan; the pattern of work and debt servitude; escape, voluntary surrender, and mistreatment in the health and criminal justice systems; the responses of the Japanese and Thai governments and of international bodies.
	www.selectbooks.com.sg /titles/31016.htm (147 words)

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