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Topic: Decay mode

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Electron capture

Decay product

Decay product

Decay energy

Isomeric states

Beta decay

Radioactive decay

Beta emission

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	Physics News Graphics: Newly Identified Top-Quark Decay Modes
		In the "all-hadronic" decay mode, pictured above, each W boson decays into a pair of quarks, for a total of four quarks (q1, q2, q3, q4).
		(2) A rare decay mode is the "dilepton mode" in which each W particle decays into a lepton (such as an electron or muon) plus a neutrino.
		The first identified decay mode for the top quark when it was discovered back in 1995, the lepton-plus-jets mode is the basis of a new, record-high-accuracy top mass determination from the D0 experimental group at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (S. Abachi et al., Physical Review Letters, 18 August).
	www.aip.org /png/html/topdecay.htm (566 words)

	Grand Unification Balls of Light Decay Modes
		This decay mode is very common in particles that are almost completely harmonic, such as the cores of spherical galaxies and stars.
		A distinguishing feature of this decay mode is that the original asymmetries were spread out enough not to allow them to combine along the equator and create a "split" decay.
		This decay mode has an electromagnetic field that spins around the equator of the ball-of-light that gives a spinning motion to the ball-of-light and gives a spiral shape to the ejecta.
	www.grandunification.com /hypertext/Decay_Modes.html (822 words)

	The Talk.Origins Archive Post of the Month: March 2001
		During b decay itself, a neutron changes into a proton, electron and electron-antineutrino, and the electron is expelled as a negative beta particle (b- - often written without the negative sign, but sometimes it is necessary to distinguish it from the rarer positive beta or positron decay b+).
		Beta decay is in the present context treatable theoretically as if it resulted from a zero-range, current-current interaction, which transforms a proton (neutron) bound within a nucleus into a neutron (proton), with the simultaneous creation or absorption of an electron (positron) and a neutrino (anti-neutrino).
		The naturally occurring nuclear beta decays were very early on shown experimentally to be directly associated with transitions between discrete stationary states of the parent and the daughter nucleus, most usually a transition from the ground state of the parent to the ground state or a low lying excited state of the daughter.
	www.talkorigins.org /origins/postmonth/mar01.html (4747 words)

	Encyclopedia: Decay mode (Site not responding. Last check: )
		For radioactive decay (the decay of nuclides) the decay modes are: Radioactive decay is the set of various processes by which unstable atomic nuclei (nuclides) emit subatomic particles (radiation).
		Alpha decay is a form of radioactive decay in which an atomic nucleus ejects an alpha particle and transforms into a nucleus with mass number 4 less and atomic number 2 less.
		Electron capture is a decay mode for chemical elements that will occur when there are too many protons in the nucleus of an atom, and there isnt enough energy to emit a positron; however, it continues to be a viable decay mode for radioactive elements that can decay by...
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/decay-mode (569 words)

	Decay mode - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		For radioactive decay (the decay of nuclides) the decay modes are:
		decay (emission of a positron and a neutrino)
		Typically one decay mode predominates for a particular nuclide.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Decay_mode (139 words)

	Electron capture - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Electron capture is a decay mode for chemical elements that will occur when there are too many protons in the nucleus of an atom, and there isn't enough energy to emit a positron; however, it continues to be a viable decay mode for radioactive elements that can decay by positron emission.
		In this case, one of the orbital electrons is captured by a proton in the nucleus, forming a neutron and a neutrino.
		It is of note that radioactive isotopes which go by pure electron capture can, in theory, be inhibited from radioactive decay if they are fully ionized ("stripped" is sometimes used to describe such ions).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Electron_capture (274 words)

	Text - Virtual Components (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Key questions are the validity of the "missing pair" component analysis of decay modes shown in the Tables, and the concept that particles may be the sum of their components which can be counted, as with molecules.
		The most common decay modes seem to be triggered by the dissolution of the virtual pair into the surrounding sea of virtual pairs.
		Based on the decay modes of muons (Table II), the pion must have at least four virtual pairs and four neutrino units, as in Fig.
	members.shaw.ca /science1/physics/text.htm (3714 words)

	Protons and neutrons
		Decay of the proton would violate the conservation of baryon number, and in doing so would be the only known process in nature which does so.
		The decay of the neutron is associated with a quark transformation in which a down quark is converted to an up by the weak interaction.
		The decay of the neutron is a good example of the observations which led to the discovery of the neutrino.
	hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu /hbase/particles/proton.html (1196 words)

	Exploratorium: Science Snacks: Radioactive Decay Model
		In this model, the removal of a penny or a cube corresponds to the decay of a radioactive nucleus.
		The smaller the chance of decay, the longer the half-life (time for half of the sample to decay) of the particular radioactive isotope.
		For radon 217, the chance of decay is large: Its half-life is 1/1,000 of a second.
	www.exploratorium.edu /snacks/radioactive_decay.html (619 words)

	Decay Mode Table (Site not responding. Last check: )
		γ-ray emission from short-lived excited states frequently accompanies all decay modes.
		It is generally true that a nucleus can decay by multiple alternative energetically possible decay modes.
		The decay branching intensities are given, when known.
	ie.lbl.gov /education/decmode.html (133 words)

	Nuclides 2000: About Radiactive Decay (Site not responding. Last check: )
		With this decay mode, the mass of the resulting nuclide is 4 units less and the atomic number is 2 units less than from the parent nuclide.
		In this decay mode, the mass doesn't change as the masses of electrons and neutrinos are negligable.
		Beta-plus (ß+) decay: In beta-plus decay, a nuclide emits a positron and a neutrino (formed by the conversion of a proton to a neutron).
	www.nuclides.net /Applets/about_radioactive_decay.htm (769 words)

	Radioactive Decay
		Alpha decay is usually restricted to the heavier elements in the periodic table.
		Thus, although it is theoretically possible to observe a fourth mode of beta decay corresponding to the capture of a positron, this reaction does not occur in nature.
		The relative rates at which radioactive nuclei decay can be expressed in terms of either the rate constants for the decay or the half-lives of the nuclei.
	chemed.chem.purdue.edu /genchem/topicreview/bp/ch23/modes.php (2923 words)

	British section of the Audio Engineering Society
		The lecture started with Rhonda introducing the aim of the paper: to identify the strongest room modes excited by each loudspeaker, and to pre-filter the signal fed to each loudspeaker in such a way that the adverse effects of dominant room modes are significantly reduced.
		Plots showing the decay of room resonances, beat frequency effects, and echo effects were shown.The magnitude of a room mode varies with listening position, however the decay time of a room mode is the same at different listening positions.
		To identify the dominant room modes, all the peaks in the magnitude response are measured.
	www.aes.org /sections/uk/meetings/1203.html (767 words)

	HARMINV(1) manual page
		Q, which stands for "quality factor", is the number of periods for the "energy" in the mode (the squared amplitude) to decay by exp(-2 pi).
		The frequency (and decay) values, both input and output, are specified in units of 1/time, where the units of time are determined by the sampling interval dt (the time between consecutive inputs).
		The density determines how many modes, at most, to search for, and in some sense is the density with which the bandwidth is initially "searched" for modes.
	jdj.mit.edu /harminv/harminv-man.html (1124 words)

	[No title]
		Both OPL-2 and OPL-3 modes support 5 percussion instruments and when the rhythm mode is selected, the percussion instruments occupy 3 channels (l channel for bass drum, l/2 channel for the other 4 percussion instruments).
		decay - is a 4-bit field (values 0-15) that sets the decay rate or the diminishing time after the attack.
		In OPL3 mode, there are 18 channels of 2 op with stereo output or 6 channels of 4 ops and 6 channels of 2 ops with stereo output.
	www.opensound.com /dmguide/dmfm.html (2369 words)

	KEK:PRESS Release (KEK B-Factory)
		B decays accompanying neutrinos in the final state are sensitive to new particles, if they exist, therefore, have been long sought despite the difficulty in detection.
		The experimental breakthrough that allowed the discovery of the missing energy decay mode involved detecting all the decay products of the B meson accompanying the sought-after decay, thereby containing the energy and momentum of the missing or undetected particles.
		This detection of a rare missing-energy decay is the first step towards the observation of exotic decays such as D* (D* meson, tau and neutrino), K* (K* meson and two neutrinos), and other types of unusual and new physics related processes.
	www.kek.jp /intra-e/press/2006/BellePress8e.html (530 words)

	Search for the Decay Bs ® mmj in Proton-Antiproton Collisions
		One well-known Bs decay mode is Bs ® J/y j, where J/y is a bound state of a charm quark and a charm antiquark, and j is a bound state of a strange quark and a strange antiquark.
		A Bs decay mode that is expected to be much more rare is Bs ® m+ m- j, where the muons do not come from the decay of a J/y.
		Thus, by searching for rare decays of the well-known Bs meson, which is light enough to be produced copiously at the Tevatron, we are indirectly searching for new particles of much higher mass.
	www-cdf.fnal.gov /PES/rare_decays.html (574 words)

	Branching Ratios and Decay Channels
		G4Decay selects a decay mode for the particle according to branching ratios defined in the G4DecayTable class, which is a member of the G4ParticleDefinition class.
		Each mode is implemented as a class derived from G4VDecayChannel and is responsible for generating the secondaries and the kinematics of the decay.
		In a given decay channel the daughter particle momenta are calculated in the rest frame of the parent and then boosted into the laboratory frame.
	wwwasd.web.cern.ch /wwwasd/geant4/G4UsersDocuments/UsersGuides/PhysicsReferenceManual/html/node14.html (487 words)

	NuDat 2 Glossary
		Branching ratios for this decay tend to be very small, due to the large Coulomb barrier encountered by the cluster and its very small pre-formation factor, that is, the probability of finding the cluster formed inside the nucleus.
		The probability of undergoing a given nuclear decay is often indicated using the percent sign followed by the decay mode name and the probability per 100 decays.
		For a given decay mode to have a probability larger than 0, the Q-value has to be positive.
	www.nndc.bnl.gov /nudat2/help/glossary.html (2057 words)

	HARMINV(1) manual page
		Q, which stands for "quality factor", is the number of periods for the "energy" in the mode (the squared amplitude) to decay by exp(-2 pi).
		The frequency (and decay) values, both input and output, are specified in units of 1/time, where the units of time are determined by the sampling interval dt (the time between consecutive inputs).
		The density determines how many modes, at most, to search for, and in some sense is the density with which the bandwidth is initially "searched" for modes.
	ab-initio.mit.edu /harminv/harminv-man.html (1124 words)

	Decay mode -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: )
		In (The science of matter and energy and their interactions) physics, the decay mode describes a particular way a particle decays.
		(Radioactive decay of an atomic nucleaus that is accompanied by the emission of an alpha particle) alpha decay (emission of a Helium-4 nucleus).
		A decay will sometimes leave the nucleus in an (Click link for more info and facts about excited state) excited state.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/d/de/decay_mode.htm (241 words)

	DataSheets (Site not responding. Last check: )
		In section 5.2.1 the radioactive decay by a single process or decay mode was considered.
		Hence, the branching ratios for modes 1 and 2 are
		In general, the branching ratio (BR) for a particular decay mode is defined as the number of atoms decaying by that decay mode to the number of particle decaying in total i.e.
	www.nuclides.net /NUCLIDES_2000/DataSheets.htm (2324 words)

	The NEMO experiment - Physics goals - The Double Beta Decay
		This decay mode is theoretically allowed in the SM framework; it is labelled ββ2ν.
		The double beta decay process can be observed in a few isotopes for which all other decay channels are forbidden for energetic reasons (figure 11).
		Neutrinoless double beta decay is the only known process that enables to test experimentally the Majorana nature of neutrino together with its absolute mass scale.
	nemo.in2p3.fr /physics/dbd.php (604 words)

	Rare Kaon Decay Observed For Second Time
		The reason this decay is worth so much careful study is that it involves some of the more exotic aspects of the Standard Model, the theory that describes the subatomic world.
		Kaon decays in general have proved a rich and often surprising source of information on fundamental questions in particle physics, largely due to the kaon’s “strange” quark, a heavy relative of the quarks that comprise ordinary matter such as atomic nuclei.
		KOPIO plans to study the closely related decay of the long-lived neutral kaon into a neutral pi meson and a pair of neutrinos, a process that may offer the single best chance of glimpsing the still-mysterious phenomenon of charge conjugation and parity violation (CP-violation).
	www.bnl.gov /bnlweb/pubaf/pr/2002/bnlpr011002.htm (1071 words)

	Two-proton decay
		Indeed, in the emission process the two-protons may leave the nucleus in various final states, ranging from a quasi-bound diproton to anticorrelated protons emitted in opposite directions, while in transfer reactions they are absorbed from a given initial state.
		decay is more probable, while for the large ones the life time of the given nucleus is very short.
		Indeed, in order to differentiate between various two-proton decay scenarios one has to perform the full three-body calculations, where the two protons and the daughter nucleus are allowed to develop arbitrary correlations, and the full three-body wave function is obtained.
	www.fuw.edu.pl /~dobaczew/inpc28w/node3.html (699 words)

	[No title]
		It simulates the decay of a compound C nucleus and follows the decay chain down until particle emission is C impossible.
		If decay is possible (k=1) then it C increments the total number of fragments n_frag by 2 and C puts the new fragments into indexes n_frag-1 and n_frag.
		C put the parameters of the exit channel in the array of the c decay chain the decay channel is i N_fission = N_fission + 1 N_frag = N_frag + 2 frag(n_frag-1).Z = Za(i) frag(n_frag-1).A = Aa(i) frag(n_frag).Z = frag(k).Z - frag(N_frag-1).Z frag(n_frag).A = frag(k).A - frag(N_frag-1).A frag(n_frag-1).level = 0.
	www.chemistry.wustl.edu /~rc/gemini_f77/gemsub.for (5393 words)

	VIBRATIONAL POPULATION DYNAMICS IN LIQUIDS AND GLASSES:
		We recall that the relaxation of the SD vibrational stretch mode is controlled by a lower order process as compared to the SH molecule, which is due to the smaller number of host vibrational quanta to match the energy of the stretch mode; a fact we have confirmed experimentally by temperature dependent relaxation measurements.
		Because the bending mode of the molecule offers an intra-molecular decay channel for the stretch mode, the decay scheme of the D20 molecule is more complex than that of diatomic molecules The asymmetric stretch mode of D20 has a frequency of 2680 cm-1.
		Due to the small cross-section of the vibrational mode, successful efforts were made to improve the signal to noise ratio by using a laser stabilization system and a tightly focused beam to increase the intensity, by averaging the signal with a kHz repetition rate and by using samples with an optimized D20 concentration.
	www.stanford.edu /group/FEL/results/glasses.htm (891 words)

	Cooperation This project investigates the radiative decay mode of the ne ...
		This project investigates the radiative decay mode of the neutron (theoretical calculated intensity: ~ 1.5*10-3).
		The gamma-spectrum in free neutron decay is studied in the energy region from ~50 keV to 780 keV (endpoint) with a new detection system which allows to collect gamma-electron and gamma-proton coincidences as well as triple coincidences of these three particles.
		Special attention is paid to the reduction of several types of background in the spectra that could mimic the decay mode searched for.
	www.kuleuven.ac.be /research/researchdatabase/cooperation/C394767.htm (111 words)

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