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Topic: Decision procedure

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	Decision problem - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Decision problems are closely related to function problems, which can have answers that are more complex than a simple 'yes' or 'no'.
		In this sense, a decision problem is equivalent to a formal language.
		Every decision problem can be converted into the function problem of computing the characteristic function of the set associated to the decision problem.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Decision_procedure (857 words)

	Procedures and Algorithms
		Thus, a procedure is a step by step method for performing a task or solving a problem, presented with sufficient precision and detail, and in an appropriate form and language, that it is completely and unambiguously interpretable and executable by the particular agent or device intended to perform the procedure.
		Procedures consist of a finite number of discrete steps each of which is comprised of a rule, or an instruction or operation that can be applied, performed or executed by the device or agent that is expected to carry out the procedure.
		Consequently, although a procedure might consist of a relatively small number of steps, some of these steps can be repeated so that the device or agent performing the procedure may actually execute a relatively large number of operations to carry out some tasks or solve some problems.
	web.uvic.ca /~ling48x/ling484/notes/procedures.html (2354 words)

	CODE OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE
		The decision on the judicial issue by the criminal court is legally valid only for the criminal case which is being prosecuted by this court.
		A special appeal can refute the decision with which the exclusion demand is refused and if such a decision is brought after the reopened charge, then it can be refuted only by an appeal to the verdict.
		The decision with which the demand is refused is brought by the President of the court, and on the trial- by the Chamber.
	www.mlrc.org.mk /law/CriminalProcedureCode.htm (4257 words)

	[No title]
		The procedure is based on the approach of Nelson and Oppen: G. Nelson and D. Oppen "Simplification by Cooperating Decision Procedures" ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems, 1(2):245-257, October 1979.
		The procedure normalizes the negation of the formula to be proved and then attempts to prove that the result is false.
		To see the formulas the procedure is trying to refute and the equations between variables that are exchanged by the component procedures, set the reference variable show_proving to true.
	www.cs.utah.edu /~swalton/hol98/src/retired/decision/READ-ME (681 words)

	A Decision Procedure for Common Lisp's SUBTYPEP Predicate
		This decision procedure does not require the conversion of a type specifier expression to conjunctive or disjunctive normal form, and therefore does not incur the exponential explosion in space and time that such a conversion would entail.
		decision procedure would then be well-defined, and would answer "can't determine" only when the answer would depend upon the specific interpretation of the predicate symbol--i.e., the actual semantics of the predicate.
		The decision procedure described here is similar to that for the first-order theory of uninterpreted sets in that it builds a constructive model using objects gleaned from the input arguments.
	home.pipeline.com /~hbaker1/Subtypep.html (11024 words)

	55:0273(45) CA - Multiple-File Decision - - 24th Combat Support Group, Howard AFB, Republic of Panama and Unlicensed ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The Judge found that termination of the negotiated procedure as it related to NEES employees of the Respondent who are U.S. citizens was a repudiation of the agreement, and therefore violated section 7116(a)(1) and (5) of the Statute.
		Therefore, the Respondent's cancellation of the negotiated grievance procedure as it applies to the noncitizen NEES employees was not required by law, and must be analyzed to determine whether it constituted a repudiation of the CBA and was therefore an unfair labor practice.
		Consequently, the Respondent's unilateral termination of the negotiated grievance procedure as to its noncitizen NEES employees constituted a repudiation of the CBA, and violated section 7106(a)(1) and (5) of the Statute.
	www.flra.gov /decisions/v55/55_045ab.html (7912 words)

	Juliette Rouchier and Sophie Thoyer: Votes and Lobbying in the European Decision-Making Process
		The objective is to explore the impact of the new decision rules and the reinforced public participation procedures planned by the 2001/18 Directive on the lobbying efficiency of NGOs and biotechnology firms, and on the overall acceptability of the European decision concerning the release of new GMOs on the European territory.
		Tullock shows that by identifying the benefits and costs of a decision in favour of the regulation for groups E and F, it is then possible to calculate the Nash equilibrium strategies of the two groups in terms of lobbying efforts.
		The objectives are twofold: (i) to analyse the impact of different European decision processes on the efficiency of lobbying strategies and; (ii) to measure the impact of the change in European decision procedures on the heterogeneity of public opinions in Europe and on the acceptability of the decision.
	jasss.soc.surrey.ac.uk /9/3/1.html (8491 words)

	Decision Theory
		A procedure is admissible when there exists no other procedure that can equal or improve on the risk for all possible states of nature.
		The rows correspond to experimental outcomes, the columns to procedures, and the entries are decisions.
		As before, a procedure is a definite process for deciding, on the basis of a single soil sample that is labeled either "clean" or "dirty," what the clean proportion is onsite.
	www.quantdec.com /envstats/notes/class_11/decision_theory.htm (4349 words)

	AEL - (Association Electronique Libre) WikiWiki - EULaw Making Process
		Co-decision procedure means that the EuropeanParliament decides together with the Council of the European Union.
		The decisions of the Council's are prepared by working groups which are put together by the member states and talk in secrecy.
		Thise procedure and the players in it are also known as the "democratic deficit of the EU" by political scientists.
	wiki.ael.be /index.php/EULawMakingProcess (1154 words)

	General Appellate Procedures of the American Veterinary Medical Association
		Specifically excluded from this definition and appellate procedure is any decision that relates to the promotion, hiring, termination, salary, or any other terms and conditions of employment by AVMA of current or former AVMA employees or of applicants for employment at AVMA.
		The AVMA decision shall be affirmed or modified to the extent directed by the AVMA Board of Governors.
		The decision of the Board of Governors and all available materials furnished to the Board of Governors for its consideration in arriving at the decision, including the petition for review and any responses thereto, shall be made available to the Executive Board at its request.
	www.avma.org /beta/issues/policy/appellate_procedures.asp (1878 words)

	Decision Controversy
		Decision controversy is a procedure that enables groups to make a well-considered, well-understood, realistic choice among actions aimed at goals every member wishes to achieve.
		A decision implies that some agreement prevails among group members as to which of several courses of action is most desirable for achieving the groups' goals.
		The decision controversy procedure is fundamental to successful school-based decision making among faculty members and district-wide decision making among administrators, teachers, parents, and the school bo ard.
	www.co-operation.org /pages/decision.html (1321 words)

	A Transformational Decision Procedure for Non-Clausal Propositional Formulas
		Decision procedures that determine whter or not a given propositional formula is valid play an important role in Computer Science, Mathematical Logic, Artificial Intelligence.
		In fact, most of these procedures determine satisfiability of propositional formulas as opposed to their validity but due to the duality of these problems, it does not matter which of the two you deal with.
		My procedure for testing the validity problem of propositional formulas is based on the Davis-Putnam method (like many others), and it deals with propositional formulas that are initially converted to negational normal form.
	sakharov.net /valid.html (431 words)

	On Shostak's Decision Procedure for Combinations of Theories - Cyrluk, Lincoln, Shankar (ResearchIndex) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Abstract: Decision procedures are increasingly being employed for deciding or simplifying propositional combinations of ground equalities involving uninterpreted function symbols, linear arithmetic, arrays, and other theories.
		Two approaches for constructing decision procedures for combinations of ground theories were pioneered in the late seventies.
		In the approach of Nelson and Oppen, decision procedures for two disjoint theories are combined by introducing variables to name subterms and iteratively...
	citeseer.ist.psu.edu /cyrluk96shostaks.html (484 words)

	Luxembourg Presidency - Decision-making process
		The Council and the European Parliament, which both enjoy legislative powers, are then responsible for adopting the proposal according to one of the procedures laid down for this purpose.
		The Council and the European Parliament take their own decisions according to specific rules, playing a different role according to the decision-making procedure that involves them jointly.
		The qualified majority procedure is the most common and applies in particular to the internal market, the harmonisation of legislation, the environment, culture and health.
	www.eu2005.lu /en/savoir_ue/decision/index.html (773 words)

	SCADPlus: The Amsterdam Treaty: a Comprehensive Guide
		Referring a decision to the European Council where a member of the Council declares that, for important reasons of national policy, it opposes the adoption of a decision to be taken by qualified majority (Article 23(2), second subparagraph):
		co-decision procedure (with the Council acting unanimously, where implementing the directive requires amendments to be made in at least one Member State to the existing legal principles governing training and conditions of access for natural persons to professions).
		Decision to provide for all or parts of the areas covered by Title IV to be governed by the co-decision procedure after the end of the transitional period and to adapt the provisions relating to the powers of the Court of Justice (Article 67(2), second indent):
	europa.eu /scadplus/leg/en/lvb/a29000.htm (5418 words)

	[No title]
		Decision makers will possess this information if they have had previous experiences that are similar to their present situation; however, they will not have the knowledge if the circumstances are new to them.
		For example, formal procedures are thought to help group members feel that their discussion is organized, that they can evaluate the quality of their decision making, and that they are in control of their destiny.
		The input consisted of the presence or absence of a procedure, and the output was the group's task performance.
	www.udel.edu /communication/COMM356/pavitt/chap13.htm (15114 words)

	A Decision Procedure for Rough Set Equalities
		We use the notion of the rough set diagram introduced by Wasilewska and Vigneron [8] to present a general decision procedure for validity of equations in rough boolean algebra.
		Second, we propose a decision method for simple rough boolean algebra, which is to construct and consider all essential cases of models.
		The code that implements (in C++) the decision procedure proposed in the paper is here.
	www.ecsl.cs.sunysb.edu /~maxim/Papers/RSDP (124 words)

	The K-Zone: co-decision procedure
		The co-decision procedure was introduced by the TreatyOfMaastricht, and is the CommunityDecision-makingProcess that embodies the strongest role for the EuropeanParliament.
		Under the most recent treaty provisions, co-decision is to be used for the adoption of most legislation, particularly in areas where the CouncilOfTheEU may act by QualifiedMajorityVote.
		251 co-decision procedure gives the EP a power to reject proposed legislation, without this rejection being overridden by the Council.
	www.kevinboone.com /lawglos_Co-decisionProcedure.html (344 words)

	A HOL decision procedure for elementary real algebra
		A HOL decision procedure for elementary real algebra
		Quite a number of interesting algebraic and geometric problems can be expressed in this decidable subset.
		In this paper we describe a HOL implementation of a quantifier-elimination procedure and give some preliminary results.
	www.cl.cam.ac.uk /users/jrh/papers/decision.html (140 words)

	Precedent Decision Manual - Procedure
		Some features may not be avaliable to you.
		Home > Services > Unemployment Insurance > Precedent Decision Manual > Precedent Decision Manual - Procedure
		Able and Available - Labor Disputes - Miscellaneous - Misconduct - PROCEDURE - Suitable Work - Total and Partial Unemployment -
	www.vec.virginia.gov /vecportal/unins/Precedent/procedure.cfm (247 words)

	M.P.E.P. Section 1214, Procedure Following Decision by Board (BitLaw)
		This page was last updated in April 2000.
		(a) After decision by the Board of Patent Appeals and Interferences, the application will be returned to the examiner, subject to appellant's right of appeal or other review, for such further action by appellant or by the examiner, as the condition of the application may require, to carry into effect the decision.
		After an appeal to the Board has been decided, a copy of the decision is mailed to the appellant and the original placed in the file.
	www.bitlaw.com /source/mpep/1214.html (154 words)

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