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Topic: Deep ultraviolet

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	Method for modifying the film of a photosensitive chemical material - Patent 5711999
		Also, the photosensitive chemical material is irradiated with ultraviolet light in an atmospheric gas containing desired functional groups in order to introduce the functional groups into the positions of radicals generated by the decomposition reaction of the photosensitive chemical material due to photochemical reaction.
		The spectrum of a low pressure mercury lamp corresponds mostly to the emission from mercury atoms in a long life metastable state corresponding to the energy of deep ultraviolet light, and much of electrical energy is converted at a high efficiency in the form of deep ultraviolet light of a strong monochromaticity.
		As the result, the efficiency of deep ultraviolet emission is as low as 1 percent or below, and since ineffectively consumed energy ultimately causes defects such as temperature rise in the light emitting part, auxiliary devices such as cooling devices and optical filters, causing the equipment to be large and complicated.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /5711999.html (3058 words)

	Ultraviolet - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Ultraviolet radiation is used for very fine resolution photolithography, a procedure where a chemical known as a photoresist is exposed to UV radiation which has passed through a mask.
		Ultraviolet lamps are used to sterilize workspaces and tools used in biology laboratories and medical facilities.
		Ultraviolet (UV) detectors generally use either a solid-state device, such as one based on silicon carbide or aluminum nitride, or a gas-filled tube as the sensing element.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ultraviolet (2869 words)

	All About the Extreme Ultraviolet Explorer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Before embarking on a mission as ambitious as the Extreme Ultraviolet Explorer, scientists had to be sure they could observe a reasonable number of diverse, scientifically interesting objects at extreme ultraviolet wavelengths through the interstellar medium.
		The extreme ultraviolet region of the spectrum is a particularly difficult one to observe.
		Similarly, ordinary visible light and ultraviolet light detectors cannot be used at these wavelengths because their protective covers absorbs the extreme ultraviolet light, preventing it from reaching the actual detection devices.
	ssl.berkeley.edu /euve/sci/EUVE.html (1109 words)

	Nanolithography - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The most common nanolithographic technique is Electron-Beam Direct-Write Lithography (EDBW), the use of a beam of electrons to produce a pattern — typically in a polymeric resist such as PMMA.
		Extreme Ultraviolet Lithography (EUV) is a form of optical lithography using ultrashort wavelengths (13.5 nm).
		For example, individual atoms may be manipulated using the tip of a Scanning Tunneling Microscope (STM).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Nanolithography (439 words)

	ultraviolet
		Ultraviolet radiation is used for very fine resolution photolithography, a procedure where a chemical known as a photoresist is exposed to UV radiation which has passed through a mask.
		Ultraviolet lamps are used to sterilize workspaces and tools used in biology laboratories and medical facilities.
		Ultraviolet (UV) detectors generally use either a solid-state device, such as one based on silicon carbide or aluminum nitride, or a gas-filled tube as the sensing element.
	www.sfcrowsnest.com /scifinder/a/Ultraviolet.php (3091 words)

	NASA Fact Sheets (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		If UIT finds ultraviolet light from these galaxies, the results may help to understand why they seem to be forming very few new stars, yet are unusually blue (which normally signifies a galaxy with a great many newborn stars).
		The Wisconsin Ultraviolet Photo-Polarimeter Experiment (WUPPE), developed at the University of Wisconsin at Madison, measures the intensity and spectrum of ultraviolet light and its degree of polarization.
		Studying the appearance of galaxies in the ultraviolet is a key to the study of galaxy evolution in the early universe.
	www.gsfc.nasa.gov /gsfc/service/gallery/fact_sheets/spacesci/uit.htm (1710 words)

	United States Patent: 6,261,751 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The antireflective coating of claim 1, in which the second layer is substantially transmissive of a wavelength of incident light, wherein the wavelength is ultraviolet or deep ultraviolet, and the first layer is substantially absorptive of the wavelength of incident light.
		In one embodiment, the second layer is substantially transmissive of a wavelength of incident light, wherein the wavelength is ultraviolet (UV) or deep ultraviolet (DUV), and the first layer is substantially absorptive of the wavelength of incident light.
		However, shorter wavelengths of incident light 120, such as ultraviolet (UV) and deep ultraviolet (DUV) wavelengths, typically result in increased reflection from the working surface 100A of underlying substrate 100 when conventional photolithographic techniques are used.
	web.engr.oregonstate.edu /~flf/6261751.html (5661 words)

	Melles Griot Optics Guide - Synthetic Fused Silica
		In the ultraviolet, these variations have been attributed to uncontrollable fluctuations in metallic impurity content at the parts per billion level.
		Ultraviolet transmittance is the basis for the classifications UV grade and optical quality.
		The high ultraviolet internal transmittance of UV-grade synthetic fused silica is correlated with a visible internal transmittance that is so high it is beyond traditional methods of measurement.
	www.mellesgriot.com /products/optics/mp_3_2.htm (955 words)

	Deep Ultraviolet Imaging of the Cluster Abell 2246 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Deep Ultraviolet Imaging of the Cluster Abell 2246
		We present deep ultraviolet observations of a field containing the cluster Abell 2246 (z=0.225) which provide far-ultraviolet (FUV) images of some of the faintest galaxies yet observed in that bandpass.
		Abell 2246 is within the field of view of Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (UIT) observations of the quasar HS1700+64, which, as a high-priority target for the Hopkins Ultraviolet Telescope, accumulated over 7100 seconds of UIT FUV exposure time during the Astro-2 mission in March 1995.
	www.aas.org /publications/baas/v29n5/aas191/abs/S106006.html (213 words)

	SignOnSanDiego.com > News > Business -- Cymer due $20 million in Intel funding
		Extreme ultraviolet lithography is set for development in 2006 and for commercial deployment in 2009.
		Deep ultraviolet light sources are expected to be around for a while, with Cymer and others refining the technology to get the most out of it.
		Extreme ultraviolet is a technology beyond deep ultraviolet.
	www.signonsandiego.com /news/business/20040127-9999_1b27cymer.html (286 words)

	EE Seminar Series for Spring 2004
		Deep UV light emitting diodes (LEDs) with operating wavelengths (l) shorter than 280nm promises revolutionary changes in lighting industry by saving billions of dollars spent for the electricity.
		Such deep UV LEDs can also be used as compact and portable water, air and food purifiers, biochemical agent detectors (Germicidal applications) and NLOS covert communication.
		The properties of AlGaN materials used for deep UV emission are close to those of typical dielectrics.
	www.ee.sc.edu /Events/DissertationDefense-18Nov04-Wu.htm (345 words)

	Highly efficient deep ultraviolet generation by sum-frequency mixing in a BBO crystal pair (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Highly efficient deep ultraviolet generation by sum-frequency mixing in a BBO crystal pair
		Generation of deep ultraviolet radiation at 210 nm by Type-I third harmonic generation is achieved in a pair of BBO crystals with conversion efficiency as high as 36%.
		Ultraviolet laser radiation; walk-off compensation; third harmonic generation; nonlinear optical material.
	www.ias.ac.in /pramana/july2002/p5490.htm (125 words)

	EE Seminar Series for Spring 2004
		Generally, insulating sapphire substrates, used for growth of device epilayer structures, as well as intrinsically high operation voltage make effective thermal management to be one of major factors needed for widespread dissemination of the technology.
		In this work the junction temperature of deep UV LEDs was determined from measurements of electroluminescence (EL) spectra and forward voltage of these devices.
		Finally, the thermal model of packaged deep UV LED was applied to optimization of the device geometry and packaging solutions to realize deep UV LEDs with low thermal impedance and, therefore, improved performance at high power levels.
	www.ee.sc.edu /Events/ThesisDefense-07Jul06-Jia.htm (269 words)

	Ultraviolet Summary
		On the spectrum, ultraviolet light lies between violet light and x rays, with wavelengths ranging from four to 400 nanometers.
		On the spectrum, ultraviolet light lies between violet light and X-rays, with wavelengths ranging from four to four hundred nanometers.
		Ultraviolet: The solar corona as seen in deep ultraviolet light at 17.1 nm by the Extreme ultraviolet Imaging Telescope instrument aboard the SOHO spacecraft
	www.bookrags.com /Ultraviolet (268 words)

	Chipmakers on fast track to 10GHz \| Tech News on ZDNet
		Known as the EUV engineering test stand, the device is the first piece of test equipment for what is expected to be a new line of chip-manufacturing machines capable of producing processors running at 10GHz and faster.
		The lithography technique now used, called deep ultraviolet, will suffice for one or two more generations of manufacturing processes, down to chip features the size of 100 nanometers, or one-tenth of a micron.
		Deep ultraviolet lithography uses a wavelength of 240 nanometers.
	news.zdnet.com /2100-9595_22-527107.html (1104 words)

	Preliminary Results from the Extreme Ultraviolet Explorer Deep Survey (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		A deep survey along the ecliptic was also done in the 100~\AA\ and 200~\AA\ bands covering an area of 180$^{\circ}$ by 2.1$^{\circ}$.
		We present the initial results from this deep survey, giving the location and fluxes of the new EUV sources and possible optical identifications.
		The implications of a different spectral distribution of sources in the two surveys will be discussed with respect to the luminosity function of late-type stars and the spatial distribution of the interstellar medium.
	www.aas.org /publications/baas/v25n2/aas182/abshtml/S4111.html (165 words)

	SIGNAL Magazine
		Extreme ultraviolet lithography, a technology being developed by a consortium of U.S. national laboratories and the semiconductor industry, is a strong contender to produce new generations of computer chips with features perhaps as small as 30 nanometers.
		For example, extreme ultraviolet light, sometimes called soft X-ray, is strongly absorbed by matter.
		Another problem is the generation of a reliable supply of extreme ultraviolet light with wavelengths in the range of 10 to 14 nanometers.
	www.afcea.org /signal/articles/anmviewer.asp?a=873&print=yes (836 words)

	IEEE Spectrum: Beyond Blue (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Ultraviolet lasers and LEDs made from zinc oxide are on their way
		But if disc-player laser wavelengths could be pushed down into the ultraviolet part of the spectrum, disc densities could be hiked up to as much as 250 GB.
		Henry White, a professor of physics at the University of Missouri and a cofounder of MOXtronics, says that the new LEDs have the potential to reach wavelengths as low as 200 nm, which is deep in the UV region.
	www.spectrum.ieee.org /mar07/4946 (955 words)

	Insulator Seal - Fused Silica Introduction
		Impurities in fused quartz cause a blue-violet fluorescence when exposed to ultraviolet radiation at 253.7µm.
		This fluorescence is not evident in synthetic fused silica, which is manufactured by flame hydrolysis of silicon tetrachloride.
		A base ultraviolet and two deep ultraviolet grades, DUV-200 and EUV-185.
	www.isi-seal.com /searchs/doc/FusedSilicaIntro.htm (359 words)

	Duke free-electron laser breaks 'psychological' 2,000 angstrom wavelength barrier
		The OK-4 previously became the first FEL to emit laser light in the ultraviolet when it set a previous 2,400-angstrom wavelength record in October 1998 that endured for about eight years.
		The OK-4 is empowered by a storage ring capable of operating at 1.1 billion electron volts of energy, though a number of technical problems have prevented the laser from taking full advantage of that power source.
		Plans are in place to upgrade those systems and to increase the average power of the OK-4 to several watts, which will make it the most powerful tunable laser in the deep ultraviolet range, he said.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/1999-10/DU-Dflb-071099.php (822 words)

	Ultraviolet...Astroppo.com
		Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is electromagnetic radiation of a wavelength shorter than that of the visible region, but longer than that of soft X-rays.
		Many birds have patterns in their plumage that are invisible at usual wavelengths but seen in ultraviolet, and the urine of some animals is much easier to spot with ultraviolet.
		Mountaineers are exposed to higher than ordinary levels of UV radiation, both because there is less atmospheric filtering and because of reflection from snow and ice.
	www.astroppo.com /ultraviolet.html (1059 words)

	SolidSpec-3700/3700DUV : SHIMADZU (Shimadzu Corporation) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		With this additional unit, the wide range from deep ultraviolet to near-infrared is now measurable.
		Materials that do not absorb deep ultraviolet light are required to be used as the window material for the detector and the coating material for the inside of the integrating sphere to enable performance in the deep ultraviolet region.
		High sensitivity and lower stray light measurement in deep UV In order to perform high-accuracy measurements in the deep UV region, a sufficient quantity of light and significant low stray light are required.
	www1.shimadzu.com /products/lab/spectro/solid03.html (293 words)

	JVC Develops Low Cost"Extended DUV" Mastering System (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		JVC's newly developed Extended Deep Ultraviolet Mastering System uses a deep ultraviolet laser beam to manufacture BD-ROM masters with just a small modification to a conventional DVD master recording system which uses blue violet to ultraviolet rays.
		The system is based on a conventional DVD master recording system, but uses a deep ultraviolet laser with a shorter wavelength than lasers used for DVDs.
		JVC improved the precision of the moving unit that holds the laser beam housing to enable highly accurate signal recording on the optical disc master.
	www.jvc-victor.co.jp /english/press/2004/duv-master.html (540 words)

	The deep ultraviolet spectroscopic properties of a next-generation photoresist
		The deep UV spectroscopic properties of a next-generation photoresist material have been investigated using a Cary Deep UV spectrophotometer equipped with a 'VW' specular reflectance accessory.
		The data obtained illustrates the homogeneity of the photoresist investigated, and further demonstrates the ability of the Cary Deep UV spectrophotometer to acquire high quality reflectance spectra in the deep UV region.
		The 'VW' SRA was installed into the Cary Deep UV and aligned.9 Reflectance spectra were collected between 150nm and 250nm with the Cary Scan software, using a spectral bandwidth of 3nm and a scan rate of 600 nm/min (Figure 3).
	www.varianinc.com /cgi-bin/nav?products/spectr/uv/atworks/uv84&cid=NMLMIMPFJ (1146 words)

	Compact deep UV gas-ion laser - from Lexel Laser
		A small portion of the deep UV light is sampled within the laser and compared to a reference signal in a differential circuit that automatically adjust the laser current to maintain a constant output.
		This feature also allows for the deep UV light level to be modulated externally with a ± 10 volt signal.
		Actual measured deep UV power at 257 nm has gone up to 90 mW; at 244 nm reached 55 mW; and at 248 nm achieved 20 mW.
	www.lexellaser.com /laser_85shg.htm (882 words)

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