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	Deer Abbey Feature Page on Undiscovered Scotland
		Deer Abbey was founded in 1219 by William Comyn, the Earl of Buchan, who invited the Cistercians at Kinloss Abbey in Moray to set up a daughter house here.
		The abbey church was cruciform in shape, some 157ft long with an aisle on the north side of the nave.
		And it seems reasonable to suppose that any stonework from the abbey that survived the building of the garden wall and the creation of the mausoleum was seen as fair game when material was needed for other developments on the Pitfour Estate, which lies to the north across the A950 from the abbey site.
	www.undiscoveredscotland.co.uk /deer/deerabbey/index.html (626 words)

	Woburn Abbey (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Woburn Abbey, the seat of head of the the Russell Family the Duke of Bedford, was a sad half demolished half derelict house in 1953, after a the death of the heavily indebted 12th Duke.
		The Abbey originally given to the family by Henry VIII had been largely rebuilt by the 4th Duke in the 18th century.
		In London, the Abbey is short for Westminster Abbey, and in Scotland, the precincts of the Abbey of Holyrood.
	www.serebella.com /encyclopedia/article-Woburn_Abbey.html (407 words)

	Abbeys of Scotland.
		Balmerino Abbey, a Cistercian monastery situated on the south bank of the River Tay in North Fife was founded in 1229 by the widowed queen of William the Lyon, then destroyed during the Reformation.
		Cambuskenneth Abbey, One mile east of the town center of Stirling, Central, off A907 on Alloa road, signposted; by foot use Riverside Dr. in the city of Stirling.
		The western part of the building is the nave of the Abbey church, and the eastern end is the parish kirk.
	www.fife.50megs.com /medieval-abbeys.htm (1014 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Abbey of Deer
		Deer on the banks of the Ugie on lands given him by the mormaer or chief of the district whose son he had by his prayers freed of a dangerous illness.
		foundation, granting to the new abbey a portion of the lands of Old
		Among its treasures is the venerable document known as the "Book of Deer".
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/04674b.htm (526 words)

	Introduction
		The readers of Abbey's Web have contributed their own works, see these in the section Reflections and if you are interested in discussing with them, join the mailing list.
		Through his novels, essays, letters and speeches, Edward Abbey consistently voiced the belief that the West was in danger of being developed to death, and that the only solution lay in the preservation of wilderness.
		Abbey was a genuine rebel who simply did not believe in the moderns industrial way of life.
	www.abbeyweb.net /introduction.html (869 words)

	Abbeys (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Deer abbey was founded in 1219 by William Comyn, earl of Buchan.
		It is thought that in the last quarter of the sixth century St. Columcille, his disciple Drostan, and others went from Hy (lona) into Buchan and established an important missionary centre at Deer on the banks of the Ugie on lands given him by the chief of the district.
		In 1561 the annual income of the abbey was valued at £2300, a fairly average figure when compared to the other Cistercian houses in Scotland.
	cistercians.shef.ac.uk /abbeys/deer.php (545 words)

	Abbey of Deer
		In 1551 the son of the Earl Marischal succeeded his uncle Robert Keith as titular Abbot of Deer holding the abbey lands in commendam.
		This is one of the oldest monuments of Scottish literature, and was ably edited in 1869 for the Spalding Club by its secretary, Dr. John Stuart.
		The author was probably a member of that community and lived perhaps in the eighth century.
	www.catholicity.com /encyclopedia/d/deer,abbey_of.html (452 words)

	Pere David's deer, Milu
		The Chinese call this deer "sze pu shiang" which means something to the effect of 'none of the four'.
		This odd name refers to this deer's supposed ownership of the neck of a camel, the hoofs of a cow, the tail of a donkey, and the antlers of a deer, though it is not completely like any one of these animals.
		To complete the rescue mission, in 1986 22 deer were flown from Woburn Abbey to Peking, where, after a lengthy quarantine, they were released in the area of the old Imperial Park, where they were discovered over 130 years ago.
	www.ultimateungulate.com /Artiodactyla/Elaphurus_davidianus.html (1087 words)

	Persian fallow deer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The Persian fallow deer is classified as endangered by the IUCN (1996).
		The history of this deer is a made of numerous "extinct" phases, each followed by a surprising rediscovery.
		After enjoying widespread familiarity in ancient times (the Persian fallow deer is depicted in artwork from before the 9th Century BCE), this deer "disappeared" - or rather was forgotten - until 1875 when Robertson, an English Vice Consul, found a new species in southern Persia, and submitted his discovery to the British Museum in London.
	www.ultimateungulate.com /Artiodactyla/Dama_mesopotamica.html (661 words)

	The Abbey of Deer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The Abbey of St. Mary of Deer, now enclosed with a perimeter wall, was built in 1218 by William Comyn, Earl of Buchan, for the Cistercian Order.
		William Comyn would probably have had two reasons for establishing the abbey at Deer - The monks at this time were very learned and he probably felt that they could do much to improve Buchan and probably, like most people of the Middle Ages, he would have had a firm belief in Heaven and Hell.
		The monks at Deer were Cistercians, known as "White Monks" from the cloaks they wore.
	www.buchanweb.org /bcw/bcw_pages/vilages/deeraby1.htm (226 words)

	BBC - Coventry and Warwickshire Culture - Coombe Abbey Country Park
		An outdoor gem for the whole family it is also the perfect haven for sparrowhawks, bats, migrating Muntjac deer and other members of the animal kingdom.
		In the early 17th century the abbey and its surrounding lands were purchased by the Craven family who owned it for the next 300 years.
		In the 1960s the park was opened to the general public and now the old abbey has been transformed into a hotel.
	www.bbc.co.uk /coventry/culture/nature/stories/2003/07/coombe-abbey-country-park.shtml (689 words)

	demm42's North East Scotland Tour - Page 6
		Just outside the village of Old Deer, around 2-3 miles west of Mintlaw on the A950, is the ruin of Deer Abbey.
		Maintained by Historic Scotland, Deer Abbey was founded in 1219 by William-Comyn (Earl of Buchan).
		The Cistercian abbey of Deer was built by the monks who sought austerity (fantastic word - not mine as you might of guessed) and isolation in their worship of God.
	www.demm42.plus.com /nescot6.htm (690 words)

	Abbeys_and_priories_in_Scotland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		'''Abbeys and priories in Scotland''' is a link page to any abbey, priory, friary or other religious house in Scotland.
		The Abbey Church of the Holy Trinity, the Blessed Virgin Mary, Saint Laurence, Saint Augustine and Saint Michael, Scone
		Abbeys and priories in the Republic of Ireland
	q-basic.xodox.de /Abbeys_and_priories_in_Scotland (550 words)

	The Monks (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Westminster Abbey is a daughter house of Mount Angel Abbey, Oregon.
		In 1940 the new priory and seminary were moved to Deer Lake in Burnaby BC, on the outskirts of Vancouver.
		Eugene, was elected Abbot of the Abbey of Saint Joseph of Westminster.
	www.sck.ca /The%20Monks_files/the%20monks.htm (287 words)

	Deer Abbey. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The Abbey of St. Mary of Deer, now enclosed with a perimeter wall, was built in 1218 by William Comyn, Earl of Buchan, for the Cistercian Order.
		William Comyn would probably have had two reasons for establishing the abbey at Deer - The monks at this time were very learned and he probably felt that they could do much to improve Buchan and probably, like most people of the Middle Ages, he would have had a firm belief in Heaven and Hell.
		The monks at Deer were Cistercians, known as "White Monks" from the cloaks they wore.
	www.peterhead.org.uk /attractions/deer_abbey.htm (203 words)

	Celtic Shadows - Old Deer Abbey
		Founded in 1219 by William Comyn, Earl of Buchan (the abbey is became his resting place when he died in 1233).
		The Abbey absorbed the existing Clerici when they moved from Kinloss Abbey.
		The site is also made famous by the Book of Deer one of the most important manuscripts for Scottish imagery and language that exists today.
	www.faolan.plus.com /cs/pages/tour/deer_1.htm (117 words)

	Abbeys and priories in Scotland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The Abbey Church of Saint Thomas of Canterbury, Arbroath
		The Abbey Church of Saint Mary, Saint Andrew and All Saints, Holyrood
		The Abbey Church of theHoly Trinity, the Blessed Virgin Mary, Saint Laurence, Saint Augustine and SaintMichael, Scone
	www.therfcc.org /abbeys-and-priories-in-scotland-28422.html (477 words)

	Woburn Abbey - 24 Hour Museum - official guide to UK museums, galleries, exhibitions and heritage
		Deer are shy animals and will probably run away from you if approached.
		The Abbey is built mainly of a local stone called Totternhoe Clunch, a rather soft and porous material, which causes many problems.
		There are ten species of deer in the park, looked after all year round by the Head Verdurer.
	www.24hourmuseum.org.uk /museum_gfx_en/AM17637.html (738 words)

	Living Heritage Craft Show Venues - Woburn Abbey
		There are nine species of deer in the park, looked after all year round by the Head Verdurer.
		In 1985, Lord Tavistock donated 22 deer to the Chinese Government, and they have adapted successfully to their new home, now boasting a population of 360 in their home just south of Peking.
		Edward VI granted Woburn Abbey to Sir John Russell in 1547, though it did not become a family home until 1619.
	www.craft-show.co.uk /venues/Woburn_Abbey (368 words)

	Coombe Abbey - Chapter 7
		The lease of the Abbey to GEC was coming due for renewal, and GEC decided that it was not acceptable to negotiate a further lease with the building in such a condition.
		In 1971 the abbey was leased to Historic Productions Ltd. who used the ground floor of the West wing and North wing for Mediaeval banquets until 1992.
		Extensive rebuilding and refurbishment of the abbey buildings was undertaken, including building a new East wing by adding two more stories above the existing basement and ground floor and extending the north side of the building in line with the Great Hall (old Refectory), and rebuilding the Great Hall chimney.
	www.coventry-walks.org.uk /coombe/ca-ch7.html (1071 words)

	The Book of Deer - The Earliest Known Scottish Gaelic
		The Book of Deer came into the ownership of Cambridge University Library in 1715, when the library of the Bishop of Ely and Norwich was presented to the former by George I. Before that, the Book of Deer may have been in the possession of Dr Gale, High master of St Paul’s School (1672-97).
		The final, Latin deed of David I bestows on the monks of Deer a general immunity from 'all lay service and improper exaction', the latter phrase perhaps explaining their main concern at this time.
		The Book of Deer is of immense value in demonstrating different aspects of the cultural heritage of the North-east.
	www.bookofdeer.co.uk /bookofdeer.html (904 words)

	Crocus.co.uk garden to visit Studley Royal And Fountains Abbey North Yorkshire
		The gardens of Studley Royal were created by John Aislabie, who had been Chancellor of the Exchequer but whose finances were 'ruined' by the South Sea Bubble in 1720; he retired here to his estate in 1722 and worked until his death in 1742 to make the finest water garden in the country.
		Furthermore, there is its intimate and dramatic landscape relationship with Fountains Abbey, the largest and most complete Cistercian foundation in Europe, described by the Oxford Companion as probably the noblest monastic ruin in Christendom.
		A further £3 million is being collected for the next phase of conservation, which includes the repair of river banks, fords and bridges, the restoration of Fountains Hall and Abbey Mill, and an on-going programme of woodland management and tree planting.
	www.crocus.co.uk /Catalog/Gardens/?ContentType=GardenCard&GardenID=1165 (365 words)

	Shropshire Tourism - Tourist Board Information and Accommodation
		Shrewsbury Abbey was founded in 1083 by the Norman, Roger de Montgomery and started life as a small wooden chapel.
		Part of the Abbey was used by local people as their parish Church and consequently it has survived Henry VIII and the dissolution of the monastery in 1540, Oliver Cromwell, Thomas Telford, Two World Wars and numerous floods and is still a parish church to this day.
		The deer park and grounds are also available to visit.Visits are free flow and an introduction to the history of the family and buildings can be provided if booked in advance.
	www.shropshiretourism.info /itineraries/shrewsbury.htm (423 words)

	Fountains Abbey and Studley Royal Gardens Yorkshire
		Fountains Abbey and Studley Royal, set in the secluded valley of the River Skell and encompassing the sandstone ruins of a 12th century Cistercian abbey, an Elizabethan mansion and a Georgian water garden, is a World Heritage Site.
		By the mid-12th century it was the richest abbey in Britain.
		The Abbey fell into ruins during the Dissolution of the Monasteries in the 16th century and today the site is maintained by English Heritage.
	www.touruk.co.uk /gardens/gardensyorkshire_fountains.htm (320 words)

	WOBURN - Make the discovery
		Set in a beautiful 3,000 acre deer park, with 10 species of deer roaming free, Woburn Abbey has been the home of the Russell family for nearly 400 years.
		The Abbey lies at the heart of an Estate whose activities are many and varied.
		We have the award-winning Safari Park, the world renowned Golf Club (which boasts all 3 of its courses in the UK’s top 100 (Golf World, November 2004), the Inn at Woburn and the Woburn Abbey Antiques Centre, which is the largest outside London.
	www.woburnabbey.co.uk (193 words)

	Touring Monastic Yorkshire on Britannia: Fountains Abbey
		From the beautifully manicured lawns of your destination, the Abbey church sours into the sky above you: the tower, great empty windows, the row upon row of columns ending in the massive Chapel of the Nine Altars, a model for Durham Cathedral.
		As one of the most complete abbey ruins in the country, it is surrounded by a large array of monastic living quarters of various kinds.
		150 acres of lakes, weirs, temples and gazebos to explore to the north-east of the abbey ruins.
	www.britannia.com /tours/yorksmon/fountains.html (340 words)

	The Ghosts and Hauntings of Haunted Places - Woburn Abbey (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Author Diana Norman visited Woburn Abbey with clairvoyant Tom Corbett in 1962 she told that "Corbett felt that some rooms on the top floor were soaked in unhappiness over many lifetimes, leaving an overwhelming atmosphere of misery strong enough to affect people".
		During excavation work in 1971 a figure wearing a brown habit was seen standing between the entrance pillars to the sculpture gallery before vanishing through the door.
		After being invited by the Duke of Bedford to judge a Dairy Queen competition at Woburn Abbey in Bedfordshire, the jazz musician Acker Bilk was invited to stay the night.
	www.frightnights.co.uk /hauntedplaces/index.php?page=hauntedplace&id=16 (445 words)

	pleonast.com: abbey
		Abbey, it was o good to see you tonight, We love you all so much.
		You are a very pretty girl Abbey, (nice picture) we love you.
		Abbey!, I wish you could go to camp soo bad!!!
	www.pleonast.com /weblog.php?user=abbey&&o=5 (1235 words)

	Studley Royal and Fountains Abbey in Yorkshire, England
		Created between 1716 and 1781 by John Aislabie and his son William, its setting was the wooded valley of the twisting river Skell and its inspiration the dramatic ruins of the great Cistercian monastery of Fountains Abbey.
		Laid out in the sheltered flat bottom of the narrow valley, the garden merged at one end into a lake and fine deer park and at the other culminated in a view of the romantic remains of the great abbey.
		Its design of still water, lawns, temples and sculptures against a dark background of trees is the perfect fusion between a wild landscape and the carefully crafted planning of the 18th century landscape.
	www.sisley.co.uk /studleyr.htm (389 words)

	Fountains Abbey, Yorkshire Dales
		Although bleak in winter, the Abbey comes alive in Spring against a backdrop of the surrounding grounds of Studley Royal Park - 650 acres of woodland, deer park and ornamental gardens created as a form of compensation for the Abbot, who was hanged after the Dissolution of the Monasteries by King Henry VIII.
		Also on the grounds is Fountains Abbey Mill, the only twelfth century Cistercian cornmill in Britain and one of only a few surviving in Europe.
		Throughout its existence, the mill has remained in the same ownership as Fountains Abbey and it was spared at the dissolution of the Abbey in 1539 because it was able to generate an income for the estate of £3 per year.
	www.chromavision.co.uk /yt/fountainsabbey.htm (275 words)

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