| | Lujan v. Defenders of Wildlife, 504 U.S. 555 (1992). (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11) |
 | | In 1978, the Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) and the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), on behalf of the Secretary of the Interior and the Secretary of Commerce respectively, promulgated a joint regulation stating that the obligations imposed by § 7(a)(2) extend to actions taken in foreign nations. |
 | | At the pleading stage, general factual allegations of injury resulting from the defendant's conduct may suffice, for on a motion to dismiss we "presum[e] that general allegations embrace those specific facts that are necessary to support the claim," National Wildlife Federation, supra, at 889. |
 | | And permitting a defendant to point out a pre-existing standing defect late in the day is not remotely comparable to permitting a plaintiff to establish standing on the basis of the defendant's litigation conduct occurring after standing is erroneously determined. |
| straylight.law.cornell.edu /supct/html/90-1424.ZO.html (5403 words) |