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Topic: Degenerated workers states

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	The Programmatic Principles of the Faction for the Trotskyist International
		Trotskyism, therefore, rejects the theory according to which there exists between the workers' state (the dictatorship of the proletariat) and the degenerated workers' state a difference which is only quantitative and not clearly qualitative.
		The essential purpose of this tactic is to counterpose the anticapitalist aspirations of the proletarian and mass base to the counterrevolutionary policies of their petty-bourgeois leaders, in order to facilitate the revolutionary regroupment of the vanguard and to develop the consciousness of the masses and the evolution in a revolutionary direction of the class struggle.
		In a manner analogous to that which applies in capitalist countries, in the degenerated and deformed workers' states it is possible to establish united-front alliances with reformist and centrist opponents of the Stalinist bureaucracy, although not with proimperialist and capitalist-restorationist elements.
	home.igc.org /~itofi/fti/fti_prog.html (4115 words)

	For the refoundation of the Fourth International
		The collapse of the (degenerated) workers' states of the ex-Soviet Union and Eastern Europe had injected into the capitalists a great dose of confidence, which was the political basis for the uncontrolled financial speculation of the last years.
		The devaluations of currencies and capital challenge the privatization programs in the capitalist states, the backward countries, and the former "socialist countries." The crisis of the stock markets and the flight of capital cause the loss in only a few hours of all that was accumulated in years of privatization and spoliation.
		The perspective for the former Soviet Union, Eastern Europe, China, and the rest of the former workers' states is one of deepening crisis and increasing worker resistance, as the process of capitalist restoration continues.
	www.progettocomunista.it /97DeclarationSaoPaulo.htm (1389 words)

	What was the USSR? Towards a Theory of the Deformation of Value under State Capitalism Part 1: Trotsky and State ... (Site not responding. Last check: )
		This possibility of a workers' state facing a prolonged period of transition to a fully formed socialist society was to be particularly important to the revolution in Trotsky's native Russia.
		As a result, the various organs of the state, such as the army, the police and the administrative apparatus had to be separated from the population at large and run by a distinct class of specialists.
		With the degeneration of the workers' state the bureaucracy increasingly became separated from the working class until, with Stalin's ascendancy, it was able to constitute itself as a new exploitative class and seize state power.
	libcom.org /library/WhatwastheUSSRAufheben1 (19722 words)

	Collapse of the USSR
		The essay below was written in early March 1992 and sent to the leadership of the Workers League as a critique of the document "The End Of the USSR" written by David North in Dec. 1991 and adopted by the Workers League.
		A move to change the time tested determination of the class character of the Soviet Union and its successor states, the East European states and China Ñ degenerated or deformed workers' states Ñ cannot be undertaken lightly and must be accompanied by an exhaustive and concrete analysis of the changed class relationships in these societies.
		Firstly, I wish to state that I agree with the conclusion of the Workers League that Russia, Ukraine, Kazakhstan, Poland, etc. are bourgeois states.
	www.mit.edu /people/fjk/essays/collapse.html (2523 words)

	Declaration of Principles of the International Trotskyist Opposition
		The proletariat will destroy the bourgeois state apparatus and replace the bourgeois state with its own state, the dictatorship of the proletariat, based on the organs of soviet democracy: workers' councils in factories, farms, and neighborhoods, centralized through higher levels of the workers' state.
		Indeed, state officials must be subordinated to supervision by the masses, and it is essential to "draw the broad masses into the work of state administration" (Lenin) through the rotation of state officials, among other mechanisms.
		The workers' vanguard is primarily concentrated in the trade unions, but also includes worker militants in nonunionized workplaces, militants who organize in the working-class districts, and militants of the various parties and other organizations that claim to stand for the interests of the working class.
	ito.gn.apc.org /ITO_DEC.HTM (6601 words)

	Declaration of the League for the Fourth International (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The workers soviets (councils) proclaimed the goal of “the establishment of a socialist organization of society and the victory of socialism in all countries.” Faced with the invasion of 14 imperialist armies, the Soviet power triumphed in the ensuing Civil War under the Red Army, organized by Leon Trotsky.
		This is the case of the “Liaison Committee for a Workers International” of Pierre Lambert’s French PT (Workers Party); the “Committee for a Workers International,” led by Peter Taaffe’s Socialist Party in Britain (formerly the Militant Labour tendency); and the Latin America-based International Workers League of the followers of the late Nahuel Moreno.
		The British Workers Power and its satellites grouped in the League for a Revolutionary Communist International have recently returned to their “state capitalist” roots: after a decade and a half of pretending to uphold the Trotskyist characterization of deformed workers states, WP has now declared that the bourgeois state was never replaced in East Europe.
	www.internationalist.org /lfideclaration.html (4666 words)

	The Theory of State Capitalism
		You dismiss the characterisation of the former USSR as a deformed workers state.
		The position of the Committee for a Workers' International in intervening in these events was to support the mass movements and to put forward the demands of the political revolution.
		During the Korean War, in which the capitalist South, backed by imperialism, took on the deformed workers' state in the North, the forerunners of the SWP adopted a position of neutrality.
	www.socialistalternative.org /literature/leftunity/ch6.html (5225 words)

	Israel and the Arab Revolution
		The Socialist Workers Party gives unconditional support to the national liberation struggles of the Arab peoples against imperialism, that is, we support all these struggles regardless of their current leaderships.
		In the Soviet Union and the workers states of Eastern Europe the privileged Stalinist bureaucracies perpetuate and reinforce many forms of racism and national oppression inherited from the previous capitalist era, including anti-Semitism and oppression of Jews.
		This demand means that the oppressed nationalities have the right to decide to form a separate state, or to exist in a unitary or federated state alongside a former oppressor nationality, or to adopt some other form of self-determination, as the oppressed nationality so chooses.
	www.angelfire.com /pr/red/usswp/israel_and_the_arab_revolution.htm (5120 words)

	[No title]
		No w in the 90s, the cap states are in a rat race for new brutal cuts, restructurings of capital formation, privatizations, financial sleaze rip-offs, and of course Welfare slashings.
		Bob What has happened is that there no longer exists a degenerated workers state in the form of the Soviet Union, nor deformed workers states in the form of the east european states.
		However this difference is not as strategic as the question of the former degenerated and deformed workers states.
	www.kmf.org /malecki/cockroach/cr00064-1.txt (3641 words)

	Alliance for Workers' Liberty (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Workers Action increased its activity within the Labour Party, and in 1978 set up the Socialist Campaign for a Labour Victory.
		In 1988, the group's national committee moved from its original position that the Stalinist states were "deformed or degenerated workers states", and opened a discussion on the thesis that they were some 'new exploiting society'.
		Several supporters of a small minority that maintained the degenerated workers' state theory left and joined the International Socialist Group early in 1992, arguing that the AWL were wrong to support Boris Yeltsin in the Soviet coup attempt of 1991 and should have opposed Yeltsin's ban on the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
	en.askmore.net /AWL.htm (1386 words)

	Pierre Frank: Evolution of Eastern Europe (1951)
		The Russian state – which we considered a degenerated workers’ state – dominated a series of capitalist states militarily and politically; coalition governments between Stalinists and bourgeois politicians were constituted; the capitalist economies were not fundamentally uprooted, although important changes had been introduced.
		The resolution considered these states as bourgeois states of a special type, something like “degenerated bourgeois states” although their structure – in the words of the resolution itself – was closer to that of the USSR than that of normal capitalist states.
		We have designated these states as deformed workers’ states specifying that their deformation has been identical to that of the USSR principally in the expropriation of the proletariat from the administration of these states.
	listserv.cddc.vt.edu /marxists/history/etol/writers/frank/1951/08/eeurope.htm (5470 words)

	Permanent Revolution in the U.S. Today
		Seeing as "real" workers only the backward elements led the SWP inevitably to a fatal erosion of belief in workers as a revolutionary power, a corollary reformism and opportunism in the labor and social movements, and finally, degeneration into Stalinism and deserved political death in the 1980s.
		This stratum of bourgeoisified workers, or the "labour aristocracy," who are quite Philistine in their mode of life, in the size of their earnings and in their outlook, serve as the principal prop of the Second International, and, in our days, the principal social (not military) prop of the bourgeoisie.
		The Socialist Workers Party (SWP), under the influence of radical laborism and habitually tail-ending the anti-feminists, homophobes, and Black cultural nationalists, was slow to respond to the militancy and rage of the gay rights upsurge.
	www.socialism.com /library/perm1.html (10352 words)

	Newsletter
		In general, we demand that the United States, as part of the international economic community, subscribe and comply with the terms laid out in the International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families, issued by the United Nations.
		Guest workers would be nothing more than the institutionalization of a flexible workforce, without rights, and without the possibility of integration into society as a whole.
		In countries that export workers, social, political, and economic instability are the sources of the migratory process, and the offer of jobs in the United States is its complement.
	movimiento10demarzo.org /page5.html (2083 words)

	The Colonial Revolution and the Deformed Workers' States
		The horrible caricature of workers' rule in Russia, China, and the other countries of deformed workers' states attracts them precisely because of the position of the 'intellectual' educated cadres of that society.
		The rulers of the deformed workers' states would look with trepidation at the rise of a healthy workers' state in the industrialised countries because of the social reverberations it would provoke in their own countries.
		The proletariat and people of the advanced workers' states would give aid and assistance to a workers' state in a backward country, linking the economies together, and sending tens of thousands of technicians to small countries and hundreds of thousands to one with a big population.
	www.marxist.com /TUT/TUT4-4.html (11427 words)

	The LRCI on the Albanian-Serbian Question
		The LRCI which currently could not differentiate between a bourgeois and a workers state is adopting a democratist strategy capitulating to the imperialist puppets in the region.
		In every conflict arousing any type of workers state, Trotskyists are obliged to call for their defence and the nationalised planned economy against internal and external counterrevolution.
		They equalised the tactics which are valid in a bourgeois state with the distinct (and at times opposite) ones which are required in a workers state.
	home.igc.org /~itobr/idm3/albkos.html (2741 words)

	trot list
		Their position is that, as there were never proletarian revolutions in Eastern Europe or China, those states remained bourgeois, and that the only authentic workers' state in history was the Soviet Union.
		Other characterizations of these states within the Trotskyist milieu are that they are state capitalist (most strongly held by the International Socialist Tendency), or that they represent a social order of a new type--bureacractic collectivism.
		They are state capitalist in their orientation towards the Soviet Union, and pursue a generally leftist course of calling for a general strike as a centerpiece of their program.
	www.leninism.org /pof/discuss-may97/trotlist.htm (1974 words)

	Twenty Years of the League for the Revolutionary Party
		The IS, as opposed to the other political groupings in the United States and around the world who claimed a heritage in Trotskyism, believed that Russia and the rest of the Stalinist nations were not degenerated and deformed workers' states.
		We rejected the degenerated and deformed workers' state theories of the mainline pseudo-Trotskyists.
		In the RSL the leadership declared that the workers' struggle in the coming years would be confined to "trade union and democratic demands." This was not just a prediction but an announcement that the RSL would abandon raising the need for revolution as the class goal and conform to a reform perspective.
	www.lrp-cofi.org /PR/20YRS.html (4002 words)

	ICL Still Caught Between Shachtman and Trotsky (Site not responding. Last check: )
		A class-conscious worker will understand the difference between the union misleaders, the labor traitors who sabotage the workers’ struggle in the interests of the bosses, and the bosses themselves, who are the class enemy.
		Workers in the remaining deformed workers states fear for their livelihoods and their lives, but don’t know how to defend them.
		Against Pablo and his supporters, authentic Trotskyists do not bank on splits in the bureaucracy: as we stated in the passage WV quoted, our strategy is to mobilize the working class for political revolution to oust the Stalinist bureaucracy before the bourgeoisie destroys the workers state that the Stalinists have sabotaged.
	www.internationalist.org /iclcaught0301.html (3604 words)

	Balance Sheet on the Socialist Workers Party (U.S.A)
		But in earlier periods of working class retreat or relative quiescence, the SWP was able to engage in significant political activity and play a leadership role in struggles through a creative application of the transitional method and the use of the united front strategy to defend the interests of the working class and its allies.
		A political organization which is unable to tell the difference between an advancing workers' struggle on the road to victory and one that has been suffering from a dead-end strategy and repeated setbacks can lay little claim to being a revolutionary vanguard party in the United States.
		The party leadership ignored the majority of women workers who did not have industrial jobs—even though these female workers were winning better job conditions, wage increases, protections against sexual harassment in the workplace, an end to age discrimination, affirmative action programs, parental leaves, child care provisions, and other benefits.
	www.marxists.org /history/etol/document/fit/balsheet.htm (9336 words)

	Aborigines demand indigenous-led investigation (Site not responding. Last check: )
		He advanced the theory that degenerated workers states would last for centuries, but lived long enough to see the monolithic Stalinist bloc wither away.
		His newfound belief that Stalinism would dominate the entire workers' movement for hundreds of years caused him to urge Trotskyists to essentially dissolve themselves into Stalinist parties.
		In 1977, she joined with the Freedom Socialist Party and others as a founder and brief member of the Committee for a Revolutionary Socialist Party, a Trotskyist regroupment effort whose program emphasized the leadership of the most oppressed workers as a crucial component in global revolt.
	www.socialism.com /fsarticles/vol17no2/ebbflow172.html (439 words)

	Stalinist Expansion, the Fourth International and the Working Class
		That the bourgeois state apparatus must be destroyed by an actual revolution (a civil war by the working class against the capitalist class) rather than reformed or manipulated at the top -- if a workers' state is to be created.
		All such workers' uprisings were crushed by the Soviet armies -- except in Poland, where the Russian divisions halted their advance in order to allow the Nazis to destroy the rebellion.
		The degenerating FI could never resolve the question of precisely when these states had become "workers' states." If the date of the social transformation was 1947-48, then the transformation from popular frontist capitalism to workers' state was made without a revolution and without the smashing of the state apparatus.
	www.lrp-cofi.org /PR/FIPR64.html (2372 words)

	Duncan Hallas: Return of the workers' bomb (1980)
		It isa degenerated workers’ state because the workers have no power at all but are suppressed by a ‘bureaucratic ruling caste’.
		Led by a certain Juan Posadas, it called on the rulers of the USSR to use the workers’ bomb in a ‘preventive’ nuclear strike to destroy the imperialist powers and establish a world workers’ state (the degenerated version, of course).
		No real workers’ state can be defended by means which involve the liquidation of the whole world working class.
	www.marxists.org /archive/hallas/works/1980/12/workersbomb.htm (1181 words)

	Stamping Out a Living: September 2004
		Experts say the sporadic support is because steelworkers in key states like Ohio got called back to work during Bush's presidency.
		The United Steel Workers of America and other union leaders say most workers support democrat John Kerry, particularly because Bush ended the tariffs early.
		But in some areas the crackdown appears to have degenerated into a game of cat-and-mouse, with local authorities disobeying their seniors in the central and provincial governments the moment their backs are turned.
	www.stampingoutaliving.com /archive/2004_09_01_archive.html (5655 words)

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