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Topic: Degree of freedom

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	DEGREE OF FREEDOM (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		That measure of variability which merely expresses the number of options available within a variable or space.
		In a system with N states the degree of freedom is N. In statistics of the N cells of a table of probabilities only N-1 can be arbitrarily filled, the last being determined by the requirement that probabilities must add to 1 (see probability), hence the degree or freedom is N-1.
		The measure of uncertainty may be interpreted as a logarithmic measure of the degree of freedom logically or statistically available.
	pespmc1.vub.ac.be /ASC/DEGREE_FREED.html (88 words)

	Coordination of Multiple Muscles in Two Degree of Freedom Elbow Movements (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		In multiarticular muscles contributing to motion in two degrees of freedom at the elbow, we found that the magnitude of the agonist burst was greatest for movements in which a muscle acted as agonist in both degrees of freedom.
		The burst magnitudes for one degree of freedom movements were, in turn, greater than for movements in which the muscle was agonist in one degree of freedom and antagonist in the other.
		It was also found that for movements in which a muscle acted as agonist in two degrees of freedom, the burst magnitude was, in the majority of cases, not different than the sum of the burst magnitudes in the component movements.
	www.psych.mcgill.ca /labs/mcl/abstract_ebr95.htm (472 words)

	Degree Of Freedom Statistics
		In a system with N states the degree of freedom is N. N states the degree of freedom is N. In statistics of the N cells of a table of probabilities
		Degree of freedom definition of Degree of freedom.
		The fractional-statistics gas with a spin degree of freedom is investigated using the random-phase-approximation the presence of a spin degree of freedom.^Spin-wave and density
	www.education-411.com /education/degree-of-freedom-statistics.html (460 words)

	Degrees of freedom
		It is important to appreciate the concept of "degrees of freedom".
		A simple definition of "degrees of freedom" is - the number of coordinates that it takes to uniquely specify the position of a system.
		In this second case we have allowed the block a second degree of freedom by giving the rigid rod a circular section.
	www.mech.uwa.edu.au /bjs/Vibration/OneDOF/DOF.html (384 words)

	Four-degree-of-freedom parallel robot - US Patent 6516681 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		A four-degree-of-freedom parallel robot capable of displacing a traveling plate with four degrees of freedom at a high speed and a high acceleration and positioning the traveling plate with high rigidity and high precision.
		It is thus an object of the present invention to provide a four-degree-of-freedom parallel robot capable of displacing a traveling plate with four degrees of freedom at a high speed and a high acceleration and positioning the traveling plate with high rigidity and high precision.
		By suitably controlling amounts of displacement, it becomes possible to move the traveling plate 4 at a high speed with four degrees of freedom as is the case with the embodiment I and securely position the traveling plate 4.
	www.patentstorm.us /patents/6516681.html (7657 words)

	EDCARE \| Degree of Freedom (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		"Degree of freedom" (df) is an "intimate stranger" to statistics students.
		Every quantitative-based research paper requires reporting of degrees of freedom associated with the test results such as "F(df1, df2)," yet very few people understand why it is essential to do so.
		Although the concept "degree of freedom" is taught in introductory statistics classes, many students learn the literal definition of this term rather than its deeper meaning.
	seamonkey.ed.asu.edu /~alex/pub/df/default.htm (261 words)

	Maybe this Explains the Economic Cycle... best Degree of Freedom (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Degree of Freedom -- from MathWorld Degree of Freedom -- from MathWorld The number of degrees of freedom in a problem, distribution, etc., is the number of parameters which may be independently varied.
		Degrees of freedom are the equivalent of currency in statistics - you earn a degree of freedom for every data point you...
		In a system with N states the degree of freedom is N. uncertainty may be interpreted as a logarithmic measure of the degree of freedom logically or statistically available.
	ascot.pl /th/Fourier3/Degree-of-Freedom.htm (533 words)

	Degrees of freedom (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		According to thermodynamics, each degree of freedom in every particle of a system will contain the same energy on average (equal to kT, the temperature of the system multiplied by the fundamental Boltzmann constant).
		To put it in simpler terms, each of the following is one degree: (1) Moving up and down; (2) moving left and right; (3) moving forward and back; (4) tilting up and down (pitching); (5) turning left and right (yawing); (6) tilting side to side (rolling).
		The concept of degrees of freedom is also used in statistics, in particular in the formulation of Pearson's chi-square test.
	www.termsdefined.net /de/degrees-of-freedom.html (454 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The degrees of freedom for any statistical test are considered to be the total sample size (N) minus 1 degree of freedom for each mean or total that is calculated.
		The degrees of freedom for a 2 x 2 table is 1, because the row totals and column totals cannot vary.
		The general formula for degrees of freedom in an R x C contingency table is:
	denison.uchsc.edu /SG/pda/GlossD.html (382 words)

	Three degree of freedom graphic object controller - Patent 5132672
		To allow standard control devices to be used to control the movement of a three dimensional object relative to a third degree of freedom, standard control devices have been used in conjunction with keyboard commands or other physically input commands requiring the use of a second hand to control object translation along a third axis.
		Whereas, the third degree of freedom would be controlled by the delicate motions of the user's finger on the conveyor belt 64, thereby allowing the user to simultaneously or independently control each of the axes of translation with a single hand.
		In addition to the three dimensional control of the position of the object made possible by the present invention, additional degrees of freedom can likewise be controlled, thereby enhancing the user's ability to control both the object's position and orientation on the display.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /5132672.html (3730 words)

	RRG/Learn More/Basic Concepts/Degrees of Freedom (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The number of DOF that a manipulator possesses is the number of independent position variables that would have to be specified in order to locate all parts of the mechanism.
		In the case of typical industrial robots, because a manipulator is usually an open kinematic chain, and because each joint position is usually defined with a single variable, the number of joints equals the number of degrees of freedom.
		Three degrees of freedom are sufficient to bring the end of a robot arm to any point within its workspace, or work envelope, in three dimensions.
	www.robotics.utexas.edu /rrg/learn_more/low_ed/dof (361 words)

	Definition Degree Freedom
		Degrees of freedom are the you earn a degree of freedom for every data point you spend a degree of freedom for each parameter
		Introducing the dilatational degree of freedom: Special relativity in V6 Introducing the dilatational degree of freedom: Special relativity in V6 The assumption of the universal atomic scale is not justified by observations.
		However "freedom" under this definition addresses the personal increase or decrease his degree of freedom.
	www.education-411.com /education/definition-degree-freedom.html (403 words)

	Homunculus
		Two alternative 6 DOF input devices, one including and the other excluding the fingers from the 6 DOF manipulation, were designed and tested in a 3D object docking experiment.
		The majority of existing designs of freely moving 6 DOF devices, such as the “Bat” [25], the “Cricket” [3] and the 3D mouse [17] are similar to the glove design in assigning wrist, elbow and shoulder muscle groups for manipulating the six degrees of freedom; however, none of these make use of the fingers.
		Since the overall objective of this experiment was to evaluate 6 DOF input interfaces, the emphasis in designing the display was to provide the largest possible number of 3D spatial cues.
	vered.rose.toronto.edu /people/shumin_dir/papers/CHI96/sz_txt.html (5661 words)

	Multi-degree of freedom mount - Patent 4655548
		The present invention is a mount for an optical device having six degrees of freedom and is intended for use in optical systems such as an optical correlator, a scanning television camera, a robotic eye, or optical bench systems involving mirrors, lenses, or light sources such as lasers or other optical components.
		The translation adjustment and the degree of rotation of freedom is governed by the relative sizing and spacing of the components, and as will hereinafter be described, can be assembled with a wide variety of spacing adjustments.
		As illustrated, the device generally provides for 3 degrees of rotation about each of the x, y and z axes with zero linear movement, but as would be apparent to one skilled in the art, the amount of rotational movement available is determined by the clearance space provided.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4655548.html (4659 words)

	Three degree of freedom parallel mechanical linkage (US5816105)
		A three degree of freedom parallel mechanism or linkage that couples three degree of freedom translational displacements at an endpoint, such as a handle, a hand grip, or a robot tool, to link rotations about three axes that are fixed with respect to a common base or ground link.
		Three of these revolute joints are base joints and are connected to a common ground, such that the axis lines passing through the revolute joints intersect at a common fixed center point K forming the center of a spherical work volume in which the endpoint is capable of moving.
		The three degrees of freedom correspond to the spatial displacement of the endpoint, for instance.
	www.delphion.com /details?&pn=US05816105__ (810 words)

	Freedom from Hunger - About Us - Staff (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		One of Freedom from Hunger's greatest strengths is its experienced and dedicated staff.
		She joined Freedom from Hunger in 1999 after eleven years of work in microfinance and organizational development in over twenty countries around the world.
		Holds a Masters degree in Development Studies from the London School of Economics and Political Science, with a concentration in poverty and social policy and NGO management, and a Bachelor of Science degree in International Development from the University of Minnesota, with a concentration on the informal sector.
	www.freefromhunger.org /people.html (489 words)

	Graphics Interface '98
		Analysis of pilot data from a 6 dof virtual docking task indicates that the allocation of control may be higher within translational and rotational dofs than between translational and rotations dofs.
		In a multiple degree-of-freedom (dof) continuous movement task, it is possible to have two movements with equal performance scores, but with very different time-space trajectories.
		Error reduction is computed for each dof separately, and represents the instantaneous value of the derivative of the error term, but only for positive values, i.e.
	gypsy.rose.toronto.edu /people/moman/GIPoster/MasliahGI99.html (1050 words)

	Stats: Multiple degree of freedom tests (September 22, 2004)
		It doesn't happen too often but sometimes the single degree of freedom comparisons are not consistent with the multiple degree of freedom test.
		Report the p-values both for the multiple degrees of freedom test and for each of the individual degrees of freedom test.
		Suppose the test with multiple degrees of freedom has a statistically significant p-value, but the p-values for all of the individual degree of freedom tests are large.
	www.cmh.edu /stats/weblog2004/MultipleDF.asp (573 words)

	Our Group - 8 Degree of Freedom
		An attempt was made to identify and characterize known nonlinearities of an 8 Degree-of-Freedom (DOF) mass-spring system through the method presented by Adams and Allemang (Nov. 1999).
		A known nonlinearity in the 8 DOF system is a "bumper" consisting of tiny aluminum bars with felt pads on the tips.
		After data was taken without the bumper installed (the assumed linear system), the bumper was then placed between two of the masses to introduce a known nonlinearity.
	www.lanl.gov /projects/dss/Projects/2000/8dof/home.htm (139 words)

	degree of freedom - Degree R U (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		That university degree proved to be a ticket to adventure and now he can tell tall but true tales of living in the Kalahari desert and the South American jungle.
		Statisticians use the terms "degrees of freedom" to describe the number of values in the final calculation of a statistic that are free to...
		Computer graphics are judged by the degree to which they satisfy or convince the viewer, and even for our postmodern culture.....
	www.degree.csalunch.org /degree-of-freedom.html (234 words)

	Six degree of freedom position ranging - US Patent 6842246 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Two separate data collections were undertaken, one fixed r to 0 degrees and changed e from 0° to 90° in 5 degree increments, and d was moved from 0.5 inches to 5 inches in 0.5 inch increments.
		In the close loop control of the docking process, it is not necessary to have absolute six DOF position sensing, as long as the system (1) is able to tell the direction of the offset and (2) is able to tell the offset between the plates is small enough to be within a working range.
		Further, since numerous modifications and changes will readily occur to those skilled in the art, it is not desired to limit the invention to the exact construction operation as shown and described, and accordingly all suitable modifications and equivalents may be considered as falling within the scope of the invention.
	www.patentstorm.us /patents/6842246.html (6536 words)

	New Positional Device (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		This paper discusses a new family of six degree of freedom positional control devices which generally combine simple designs, high stiffness and strength, and a wider range of motion.
		The strut itself provides one degree of freedom, permitting the two ends of the strut to rotate with respect to each other (as would occur if it were hydraulically actuated).
		The universal joints could be replaced with ball joints (which provide an additional degree of rotational freedom) eliminating the need for a rotational degree of freedom along the strut.
	www.zyvex.com /nanotech/6dof.html (3854 words)

	System degree of freedom
		In the case of a totally unconstrained 'free' system of p rigid bodies, the degrees of freedom (DOF) of the system are 6p.
		If only r of the q constraints are independent, the degree of freedom of the system is f = 6p - r.
		Degree of freedom of double pendulum is determined in Figure 4.4.
	www.fsid.cvut.cz /en/U2052/node76.html (225 words)

	R: Estimating the Degree of Freedom of the Null Distribution of the Correlation Coefficient (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		R: Estimating the Degree of Freedom of the Null Distribution of the Correlation Coefficient
		Estimating the Degree of Freedom of the Null Distribution of the Correlation Coefficient
		Maximum-likelihood estimates of the degree of freedom is obtained on the basis of the null distribution of the sample correlation coefficient (i.e.
	www.matematik.lu.se /help/R/.R/library/GeneTS/html/cor0.estimate.kappa.html (274 words)

	CIFP -- Country Indicators for Foreign Policy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Restrictions on Civil and Political Rights are scored on a 2 to 14 scale, where 2 is the highest degree of freedom and 14 is the lowest.
		In Freedom House’s definition, Political rights enable people to participate freely in the political process, which is the system by which the polity chooses authoritative policy makers and attempts to make binding decisions affecting the national, regional, or local community.
		Freedom House’s Annual Press Freedom Survey assesses the degree to which each country permits the free flow of information on 1-100 point scale, where countries scoring 0 to 30 are regarded as having a free press, 31 to 60 as having a partly-free press, and 61 to 100 as having a not-free press.
	www.carleton.ca /cifp/descriptions.htm (7066 words)

	[No title]
		Since we were dealing with single degrees of freedom, the relationships that were developed were temporal in nature.
		In all two degree of freedom systems composed of mass and stiffness, the equations can be derived so that the mass and stiffness matrices are symmetric.
		In summary, the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of two degree freedom systems composed of mass and stiffness are normal in the sense that the eigenvalues are pure imaginary, the eigenvectors are real, and they satisfy orthogonality properties with respect to the mass and stiffness matrices.
	www.mae.ncsu.edu /homepages/silverberg/mae524_chap2a.doc (1835 words)

	The degree of freedom with respect to theological doctrine permitted to members of local Baptist churches in American ...
		The degree of freedom with respect to theological doctrine permitted to members of local Baptist churches in American history to 1815.
		An inquiry into the degree of theological freedom permitted by local Baptist churches to their members in American History before 1815 disclosed the following.
		Members were to be Calvinists, supporters of believer's baptism, Sunday as the day of worship, and the ordinance of laying on of hands.
	repository.upenn.edu /dissertations/AAI1383626 (203 words)

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