
	Where results make sense

Topic: Deinstitutionalization

In the News (Tue 29 Dec 09)

Northern Trust

Marvin Harrison

Peter Chernin

Gary Locke

Match Play

Penelope Cruz

Mickey Rourke

AR Rahman

Danny Boyle

Hugh Jackman

	Editorial - Broken Promises -- The Story of Deinstitutionalization (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		In the beginning stages (early 1961) deinstitutionalization did not present much of a problem because the first wave of patients released were highly functional and had maintained some semblance of closeness with their families, so 2/3 of this wave went to live with family members upon discharge.
		An important case that had a huge effect on deinstitutionalization was the Lanterman-Petris-Short Act of 1967.
		As deinstitutionalization rates climbed, the proportion of patients treated at CMHC for serious mental illness decreased.
	www.m-a-h.net /inkdroppings/ps-promises.htm (2849 words)

	Deinstitutionalization - Definition, History, Causes and consequences, Experience and adjustment
		Deinstitutionalization is a long-term trend wherein fewer people reside as patients in mental hospitals and fewer mental health treatments are delivered in public hospitals.
		Deinstitutionalization, originally and idealistically portrayed by advocates and consumers as a liberating, humane policy alternative to restrictive care, may also be interpreted as a series of health policy reforms that are associated with the gradual demise of mental health care dependent on large, state-supported hospitals.
		Deinstitutionalization is often attributed to decreased need for hospital care and to the advent of new psychiatric medicines.
	www.minddisorders.com /Br-Del/Deinstitutionalization.html (1149 words)

	frontline: the new asylums: deinstitutionalization: special reports: a psychiatric titanic \| PBS
		Deinstitutionalization is the name given to the policy of moving severely mentally ill people out of large state institutions and then closing part or all of those institutions; it has been a major contributing factor to the mental illness crisis.
		Deinstitutionalization began in 1955 with the widespread introduction of chlorpromazine, commonly known as Thorazine, the first effective antipsychotic medication, and received a major impetus 10 years later with the enactment of federal Medicaid and Medicare.
		The effective deinstitutionalization rate, then, is the actual number of patients in public mental hospitals in 1994 subtracted from the theoretical number with the difference expressed as a percentage of the theoretical number (for a discussion of this table, see Chapter 1).
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/asylums/special/excerpt.html (7019 words)

	Schizophrenia.com, paranoid schizophrenia - Schizophrenia News, mental illness deinstitutionalization
		Conceived in the 1950s, deinstitutionalization was a response to evidence that confinement in hospitals frequently exacerbates the condition of psychiatric patients because it separates the patients from their loved ones and from community support.
		Yet deinstitutionalization has been implemented in identical fashion: While patients were once forced into psychiatric hospitals, they are now forced out, regardless of how ill or desocialized they have become.
		Deinstitutionalization has been a catastrophe for families, largely because governments have been aggressive about ushering people out the hospital doors, but passive about placing patients in the hands of competent caregivers.
	www.schizophrenia.com /New/Dec2002/deinstDec02.htm (754 words)

	Untitled Document (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Deinstitutionalization was meant to provide the mentally ill with the community based living circumstances that the institutions did not afford them.
		The process of deinstitutionalization on the state level did not prepare communities with appropriate programming, nor were they funded to create such programming that the newly released patients required such as housing, counseling, medicine, vocational training, etc. (Bresler, 1985).
		Deinstitutionalization of the past decades and the lack of funding, resources, housing, and treatment provided by the state to care for the mentally ill population has resulted in more mentally ill persons' living homeless later to be identified as missing persons'.
	www.columbia.edu /cu/ssw/courses/20003/t6910/s2065mj/homelessness.htm (392 words)

	Role of Psychologists in the Treatment, Management,
		Following the deinstitutionalization of long-term psychiatric patients in recent decades, many different understandings of the etiology, treatment, and management of CMI have evolved, including those derived from the biological, vulnerability, cognitive, case management, rehabilitation, and psychoeducational models.
		Before deinstitutionalization, the roles of the mental health specialities were clearly delineated: Psychiatrists diagnosed illness and prescribed medication, nurses administered medications and helped the clients with their social and daily living skills, and social workers dealt with the family (see Herr and Cramer, 1987).
		After deinstitutionalization, however, family members became the primary caretakers of their relatives with CMI (O'Connor, 1984), and researchers began to focus on the family as a reactor to, rather than a cause of, mental illness (Gubman and Tessler, 1987).
	www.psychosocial.com /psr/psr1.html (4325 words)

	GAO-03-1044, Protection and Advocacy Agencies: Involvement in Deinstitutionalization Lawsuits on Behalf of Individuals ...
		Deinstitutionalization has refocused delivery of care to this population over the last several decades from large public institutions to community settings.
		Deinstitutionalization lawsuits brought against large, public institutions have alleged inappropriate care and treatment, including abuse and neglect of residents, and breaches of statutory and constitutional rights.
		Lawsuits Related to Deinstitutionalization Are a Small Part of P&A Activities: Nationwide and for the three states reviewed, lawsuits related to deinstitutionalization on behalf of individuals with developmental disabilities constitute a small part of overall P&A activities.
	www.gao.gov /htext/d031044.html (8871 words)

	Deinstitutionalization (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The stage was set for deinstitutionalization by the periodic public outcries about these deplorable conditions, documented by journalists such as Albert Deutsch (1948); mental health professionals and their organizational leaders also expressed growing concern.
		Also contributing to deinstitutionalization were sweeping changes in the commitment laws of the various states.
		These patients include both the deinstitutionalized and the new generations of chronically mentally ill. The number of residents ranges from one to more than a hundred.
	www.interactivist.net /housing/deinstitutionalization_2.html (1974 words)

	CJP - April 2004 - Forty Years of Deinstitutionalization of Psychiatric Services in Canada: An Empirical Assessment (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Deinstitutionalization appeared to be a policy of moving patients out of the mental hospitals for legal and financial reasons, and the results were felt not just in the community but also on the street.
		Fundamentally, deinstitutionalization comprises 3 processes: 1) the shift away from dependence on mental hospitals; 2) “transinstitutionalization,” or an increase in the number of mental health beds in general hospitals (GHs); and 3) the growth of community-based outpatient services for people with mental illness.
		Deinstitutionalization of psychiatric units is evidenced by the 40% decrease in days of care between 1994—1995 and 1998—1999.
	www.cpa-apc.org /Publications/Archives/CJP/2004/april/sealy.asp (2612 words)

	Deinstitutionalization: Residential Care for the Developmentally Disabled: A Bibliography for Parents, Students, and ...
		Boudreault, Paul, “Deinstitutionalization of individuals with mental disabilities and their perception of the quality of life,” Revue Francophone de la Deficience Intellectuelle, December, 1990.
		Davis, DeWayne, Fox-Grage, Wendy, and Gehshan, Shelly, Deinstitutionalization of Persons with Developmental Disabilities: A Technical Assistance Report for Legislators, National Conference of State Legislatures, Washington, D.C. “The doubts grow: care in the community” (shifting developmentally disabled from regional centers to community care in California), The Economist (US), v342 n8011 p28(2), April 5, 1997.
		Lynch, Patricia; Kellow, J. Thomas; Willson, Victor L, "The Impact of Deinstitutionalization on the Adaptive Behavior of Adults with Mental Retardation: A Meta-Analysis," Education and Training in Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities, v32 n3, Sep 1997.
	www.cornerstonehouse.org /deinst.html (1970 words)

	[No title]
		Deinstitutionalization of people with mental illness in the 1960s and 1970s was done hastily, without supports, and largely with reliance on the "new miracle drugs" approved by the FDA in 1955 (the anti- psychotic drugs including Haldol, Mellaril, Thorazine, and so on).
		More recent experiences with mental health deinstitutionalization initiatives have been hailed as significant successes, such as the closure of Byberry in Philadelphia, PA. Still, it is important to understand the stark difference between the national record for mental illness, versus that for mental retardation and developmental disabilities.
		COA is able to compare the outcomes of deinstitutionalization in Delaware to outcomes among the thousands of people in other states where we have conducted research with essentially the same instruments.
	www.dhss.delaware.gov /dhss/ddds/files/conroyrep.txt (8418 words)

	NADD - National Association for the Dually Diagnosed (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Deinstitutionalization is a term that refers to the shift away from large, custodial facilities.
		Deinstitutionalization cannot be found in a single, landmark piece of legislation or even in a designated package of laws or regulations.
		Groups that resist deinstitutionalization argue that individuals with profound mental retardation do not have the capacity to exercize choice in a manner that makes a difference when they are living in the community (Stancliffe and Abery, 1997) and therefore they are unnecessarily exposed to these risks.
	www.thenadd.org /content/bulletins/v1n5a1.shtml (5413 words)

	Fact Sheet: Historical View of Mental Illness Crisis and Debacle of Deinstitutionalization
		The reasons for this are many, including economic factors, the failure of deinstitutionalization, civil liberty issues as well as the effects of the illnesses themselves.
		When deinstitutionalization began there had been no scientifically sound studies conducted on how to best reintroduce individuals with the severest brain diseases back in to the community.
		Deinstitutionalization, the name given to the policy of moving people with serious brain disorders out of large state institutions and then permanently closing part or all of those institutions, has been a major contributing factor to increased homelessness, incarceration and acts of violence.
	www.psychlaws.org /GeneralResources/fact2.htm (1690 words)

	Promise Them Everything, Give Them the Streets - New York Times
		Deinstitutionalization was a response to complex, interrelated influences.
		The movement for deinstitutionalization preceded the introduction of these drugs, but they gave hospital personnel and families a sense of control and hastened discharge.
		She assumes we can improve the quality of life of the seriously mentally ill, despite the lack of effective treatments; and in urging closer cooperation between policy makers and clinicians, she presents an informative and plausible overview of mental-health policy problems.
	query.nytimes.com /gst/fullpage.html?res=9C0CE5DD163BF935A2575AC0A966958260 (630 words)

	Let’s Stop Being Nutty About the Mentally Ill by E. Fuller Torrey, City Journal Summer 1997
		New York State also provides abundant examples of the failures of deinstitutionalization, as measured by the number of mentally ill individuals who are homeless or in jail, the number of violent acts by mentally ill persons who are not receiving treatment, and the overall quality of life in the community.
		Virtually every American advocate for deinstitutionalization in the 1960s and 1970s cited this lone paper, despite the fact that the 20 patients studied were far from representative of the vast majority of patients who were sent packing.
		Given the vast scale of deinstitutionalization, one might have thought that both the federal and state governments would have been interested in evaluating the process and assessing the outcome, especially since this social experiment had been launched with virtually no empirical base.
	www.city-journal.org /html/7_3_a2.html (3517 words)

	DEINSTITUTIONALIZATION
		Reduction in the size of populations held in institutions of involuntary confinement, primarily mental hospitals and prisons.
		Deinstitutionalization movement began in the 1970s and was very successful in reducing the size of mental hospitals.
		Community mental health programs and community corrections developed in response to the desire for deinstitutionalization, but community corrections has come to be seen as an aspect of net widening.
	sociologyindex.com /deinstitutionalization.htm (85 words)

	Deinstitutionalization of Persons with Severe Mental Illness: Context and Consequences Journal of Rehabilitation - Find ...
		In analyzing deinstitutionalization, it is important to consider the historical context of its genesis.
		During the 1960's, deinstitutionalization was reinforced by the emerging social concern of civil rights of people with SMI and a belief that SMI could be prevented as well as treated (Ray & Finley, 1994; Wegner, 1990).
		The rationale for this legislation was that people treated in proximity to and with the social support of their relatives and friends would require less lengthy and costly treatment (Rochefort, 1984; Torrey, 1997).
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0825/is_2_67/ai_76398484 (784 words)

	Deinstitutionalization of Persons with Developmental Disabilities
		These states are considered the successful models of deinstitutionalization and the pioneering examples of states that have created community-based delivery systems for their developmentally disabled populations.
		In the 1960s, due largely to a series of class action lawsuits and the scrutiny of institutions by an increasingly vocal advocacy movement, the appalling conditions and the poor treatment of patients in these institutions were revealed.
		Deinstitutionalization involves not only the discharge of patients from large residential facilities, but also the reduction in admissions into residential facilities.
	www.ncsl.org /programs/health/Forum/pub6683.htm (9226 words)

	Crime and Justice Abstracts: Vol. 1 (1979)
		Deinstitutionalization and Diversion of Juvenile Offenders: A Litany of Impediments
		Deinstitutionalization and diversion of juvenile offenders have been prominent goals of recent juvenile justice reform efforts.
		Whether deinstitutionalization and diversion programs truly embody the ideas which underlie them is a critical question in any attempt to evaluate their effectiveness.
	www.journals.uchicago.edu /CJ/abstracts/CJv1p145abstract.html (227 words)

	Third Year Comprehensive Report of the Pennhurst Longitudinal Study
		Policy makers do not possess nearly enough quantitative data to be confident that deinstitutionalization actually benefits mentally retarded clients and their families, despite the fact that nearly 60,000 mentally retarded citizens have been deinstitutionalized in the past decade.
		In this deinstitutionalization, then, we must conclude that clients thus far placed are receiving more service than they did at the institution; the Issue of the relative quality of the services is best judged by relative outcomes, and this has also been tested in a preliminary way, and the results suggest better outcomes in CLAs.
		Deinstitutionalization of more severely handicapped mentally retarded persons can be accomplished, but should be accompanied by a comprehensive structure that includes case management, individualized planning, monitoring, and family involvement.
	aspe.os.dhhs.gov /daltcp/reports/3yrpenn.htm (4111 words)

	Untitled (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		In the 1950's, however, the deinstitutionalization movement radically changed the treatment of mentally ill persons in California and, eventually, across the nation (Brown 1985).
		The deinstitutionalization movement was characterized by the use of the least restrictive treatment settings, community rehabilitation programs, and early intervention; it also emphasized local control and administration of mental health services (Goldman, Foley, and Sharfstein, 1983).
		However, thousands of mentally ill persons, as a consequence of deinstitutionalization, were transferred to communities that lacked local service systems of care.
	ist-socrates.berkeley.edu /~cmhsr/history.html (976 words)

	Farm Communities as a Housing Alternative for Individuals with Autism
		With the onset of deinstitutionalization in the late 1960's, the availability of suitable residential options for individuals with autism became a significant concern for the social services field.
		While proponents of deinstitutionalization lauded its accomplishments, opponents were less convinced of its benefits to the individual.
		Despite the lofty goals that were believed to be possible through this novel focus on community living, the communities to which these individuals were returned were unprepared to provide for their innumerable and unique needs (Pedlar, 1992), and often reproduced the inferior conditions of the institutions they were intended to replace.
	www.lin.ca /resource/html/Vol27/v27n1a2.htm (4534 words)

	Imagining Robert: Study Guide
		First, although the deinstitutionalization process began in the mid-1950’s, a disproportionate number of mentally ill persons only began to appear among the homeless population in the mid-1970’s.
		This lag of twenty years makes it impossible to claim that deinstitutionalization was the sole cause of homelessness among persons with chronic mental illness.
		Second, as originally planned, deinstitutionalization was to take place in conjunction with the establishment of community mental health programs that would take on the responsibility for the treatment of persons with chronic mental illness.
	www.florentinefilms.org /imagrob/film/stguide02.html (2084 words)

	Institutionalization of Seniors: A Necessary Practice?
		Although the recent trend is towards deinstitutionalization and integration into the community, many institutions still remain open, and segregation remains prevalent.
		However, perhaps the real reason advocacy efforts towards deinstitutionalization of seniors have not been widely successful is because advocates do not have a "...coherent, compelling moral vision and ethical theory that can compare to the developmental/ normalization model that has guided policy and practice in the disability community since the early 1970s" (Polivka, 1998, p.
		The third key component in the deinstitutionalization process is connecting frail seniors and seniors with disabilities to the community and building social networks.
	www.lin.ca /resource/html/Vol27/V27N1A4.htm (4582 words)

	Mental Health, United States, 2000: Chapter 7
		This chapter is organized around six areas: deinstitutionalization; improved treatment technologies; the larger societal context and debates concerning parity; the legal context; managed behavioral health care; and the growth of consumer involvement.
		For each major point, there are counterpoints reflecting the continuing struggle over defining the appropriate domains of mental disorder and the distribution of responsibilities among the Federal Government, State and local governments, the nonprofit and private sectors, the helping professions, and persons with mental illness and their families.
		The fundamental challenge is to fulfill the promises of deinstitutionalization policies faithfully by developing well-organized and balanced systems of community care with a broad spectrum of services and clear focus of responsibility and accountability.
	www.mentalhealth.samhsa.gov /publications/allpubs/SMA01-3537/chapter7.asp (7506 words)

	Deinstitutionalization: A trend in New England?
		Editor's note: Although deinstitutionalization is most often thought to pertain to state hospitals, private facilities have in recent years also begun a process of discharging patients after short-term stays and helping them reintegrate into the larger community.
		To further the mission of deinstitutionalization, streamline the delivery of quality mental health care and develop a continuum of care system, DMH suggested the creation of a new inpatient facility and the shuttering of two existing facilities: Westboro and Worcester State Hospitals.
		In a news release, Cutting says that the current average daily census across all program areas at the hospital is 205, which represents seven percent of the rate 50 years ago.
	www.masspsy.com /leading/0405_ne_deinstitut.html (723 words)

Try your search on: Qwika (all wikis)