Delay (audio effect)

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Topic: Delay (audio effect)

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	Flanging - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Flanging is a time-domain based audio effect that occurs when two identical signals are mixed together, but with one signal time-delayed by a small and gradually changing amount, usually smaller than 20 ms (milliseconds).
		This produces a swept 'comb filter' effect: peaks and notches are produced in the resultant frequency spectrum, related to each other in a linear harmonic series.
		When used with multi-frequency signals like music, various frequencies in the original signal are delayed by different amounts, causing peaks and troughs in the output signal which are not in a linear harmonic series.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Flange_(electric_guitar)

	delay_paper.html
		In addition, the loss of fidelity in the regeneration process of tape delay may be a desirable effect, though I imagine that the use of a low-pass filter in the feedback path of a digital delay would achieve a similar effect of gradual softening the sound into nothingness.
		The modern delay scene is composed of digital audio delay devices and a few MIDI delay devices.
		Tape delay was critical part of experimental and popular electronic music until the advent of inexpensive digital delays with large memories.
	xenia.media.mit.edu /~bdenckla/misc/kronos_www/delay_paper.html

	Analog Tape
		Tape echo is developed by the distance between the record and play heads on a tape deck.
		This distance between the bars depends on the frequency and tape speed, and is in fact the wavelength of the signal on the tape.
		Since the tape has a certain amount of noise built in, the basic quandry is to get the signal as hot as possible (to be louder than the noise) but not distorted due to tape saturation.
	arts.ucsc.edu /ems/music/equipment/analog_recorders/Analog_Recorders.html

	LEARNING PROCESS
		Delay, in its analogue tape guise, was one of the earliest special effects to be used in audio recording, often to add interest to guitar or vocal sounds.
		It's important here to use a delay block which allows the two sides to be set up separately, as one side needs a 1ms delay, to give a sort of static flanging effect, while the other side can be set anywhere between 300 and 700ms to produce the necessary echo.
		Obviously, if you have a fixed delay time this will throw out the synchronism between the delays and the music, but if you're using a programmable effects unit you can create a new patch at the new tempo and switch to this, either manually or via MIDI, at the appropriate time.
	www.soundonsound.com /sos/feb98/articles/processors.html

	TAPIIR, A SOFTWARE MULTITAP DELAY
		This cross-feeding of audio signals throughout the system of delay-lines and mixers, allows the user to create a very large variety of stereo delay effects.
		The use of delays is one of the oldest techniques for effects processing and electro-acoustic composition[1].
		Of course, many of the effects obtained with very short delay times, such as reverb or filtering, are usually also implemented in the same hardware, but it can be very interesting to combine all these with longer delay-time effects; it would be necessary to use several processors connected together to do this.
	www.iua.upf.es /~mdeboer/projects/tapiir/tapiir.html

	Guardian Unlimited Film Features Tape delay draws ire of Oscars president
		Photo: AP An American broadcaster's decision to impose a five-second tape delay on the live telecast of this year's Oscars ceremony has drawn accusations of censorship from the president of the academy which votes on the awards.
		Although Pierson said he realised the delay was targeted at catching bad language, he warned, "once the principle of a delay has been accepted...
		Asked if the tape delay would be used to mask political statements such as Michael Moore's criticism of President George Bush at last year's ceremony, Joe Roth - also the head of Revolution Studios - responded: "No - it applies to the use of profanity."
	film.guardian.co.uk /oscars2004/story/0,14064,1145725,00.html

	Dilettante's Dictionary
		A modulated digital delay effect which varies the time and/or intensity of the delay effect over time.
		The original delay lines were made by using tape recorders to record a signal while playing it back on the same machine.
		The keyboard tells the DCOs what pitch to produce; the audio signal may then be altered by sound modifiers, including a DCW, DCA, differentiators and integrators, and various modulators and limiters.
	www.dilettantesdictionary.com /index.php?start=26&let=d

	Kjaerhus Audio - Professional Audio Software and Hardware
		The delay can be synchronised to the host, and the feedback can be reversed to give a ping-pong effect.
		The tape delay type gives you the sound of echo being degraded slightly each time it is fed-back and re-recorded.
		The digital delay can be adjusted from bright and clean on the highest quality setting, to a “darker” and more noisy / distorted sound if the quality setting is set low.
	www.kjaerhusaudio.com /classic-delay.php

	Trace Reddell
		Audio elements ranging from live field recordings of the installation-space to performance with electric guitar are recorded to, then broadcast back from, remote server locations, using the Internet as a digital audio delay effect.
		Recalling tape delay works like Alvin Lucier’s “I Am Sitting in a Room” (1970), the piece examines the overlap of intimate local space, global space of the Internet, and the resultant technological palimpsest which is the site for so much postmodern interaction.
		Exploratory digital audio piece uses web-based interactivity to drive chance-elements for studio composition.
	www.du.edu /~treddell/index_prof.htm

	Boss - DD-20 Giga Delay - [Sam Ash]
		Delay time can be adjusted via tap tempo or using a knob, which also features a push function to set the delay range more quickly.
		Eleven delay modes are provided covering everything from analog and tape delay to reverse delay and more.
		Delay time can be quickly set using the push-button knob or via tap tempo.
	www.samash.com /catalog/showitem.asp?ItemID=25305&TempID=2

	ePanorama
		Effects Explained - This is a series of original articles that explains how effects work, what the common effects parameters do, some of the implementation issues, and also include sound examples to demonstrate how those parameters alter the sound.
		In a nutshell, delay speakers are generally designed to cover the rear portions of a room that are too far away from the main speakers to be covered at the same sound level as the front seats.
		Audio Distribution Systems - When the power industry needed to make a long distribution, a mile or two, the losses were very high due to the resistance of the wire.
	www.epanorama.net /links/audiopro.html

	Audio Glossary - Blaze Audio
		An audio effect that distorts sound by applying a short delay and variable modulation of the frequency.
		Digital audio is audio that has been converted into a series of ones and zeros that can be understood by a computer.
		A method of delivering audio from the internet to your media player that allows you to play the audio as you are downloading it, rather than waiting for the entire file to finish downloading.
	www.blazeaudio.com /glossary.html

	Roland US - News
		The new “Twist” mode creates a wild delay effect similar to “over the top” manipulation of an analog tape echo, while “Smooth” mode creates ultra-smooth delay effects.
		Delay time can be quickly set, thanks to a new push-button knob that allows course or fine adjustments; tap tempo is also supported without need for an external pedal.
		The DD-20’s 11 delay modes serve up everything from analog and tape delay to reverse delay and more.
	www.rolandus.com /news/pressdetails.asp?PressID=259

	Blackbox Music Electronics - Quicksilver
		As the delays repeat, the signal becomes more and more processed as the audio is repeatedly routed through the same effect chain again and again.
		Delay time modulation for fast vibratos, ring modulation effects, tape delay wow and flutter, chorusing and out of control pitch bend effects.
		As the signal delays, it becomes more and more effected as the signal is repeatedly routed through the effects chain in the feedback effects loop.
	www.blackboxmusicfx.com /qs.html

	McDSP Chrome Tone - Bayview Pro Audio
		Chrome Tone effects can take their cues from a number of sources - the original audio, side chain, an external controller or any MIDI track in the session.
		The amount of effect the envelope follower has on the Wah, Tremolo or Chorus is determined by the Depth control.
		The Tremolo effect is the modulation of the volume (gain) of a signal path.
	www.bayviewproaudio.com /Chrome_Tone-p-19459.html

	THE INTERRUPTOR: VST devices download page
		This plug-in mimicks the tape delay in Logic Audio.
		The delay time is not entered in milliseconds but as a notelength (in relation to the song tempo in your sequencer).
		delay times can either be defined in milliseconds or in relation to the song tempo in your sequencer.
	www.interruptor.ch /vst_overview.shtml

	Developing Real-Time Digital Audio Effects for Electric Guitar in an Introductory Digital Signal Processing Class
		Audio effects such as flanging, chorus, phasing, and delay are all used to enhance the electric guitar sound.
		Enhancing the introductory DSP course with real-time guitar audio effects projects had to be done in such a way as to keep the additional "effort burden" described in Section I down to a minimum.
		A portion of the delayed signal is fed back through the Gain block to the Add block to enhance the sound quality of the flanging effect [5].
	www.ewh.ieee.org /soc/es/Nov1998/01/BEGIN.HTM

	UA WebZine "Compression Obsession" June 04 Echoplex, Space Echo, and the History of Delay
		Tape delay was commonly achieved by sending audio signal to a tape deck to capture the sound of the delay time created by the distance of the record head to the playback head.
		The use of tape delay as an effect is credited the legendary guitarist and inventor Les Paul, who more importantly, was the first person to adopt "sound on sound" multitrack recording.
		Because the tape passes over the record head before the playback head, there is a delay-- which is a function of the tape speed multiplied by the distance between the two heads.
	www.uaudio.com /webzine/2004/june/text/content4.html

	Augustus Loop 1.5.0 - VersionTracker
		Augustus Loop is an emulation of a tape-based delay effect, with some extra features to facilitate its use as a looping device.
		Added an option to allow seamless changes in delay times, without the tape delay simulation effects previously associated with these changes in Augustus Loop.
		Four feedback taps (left to left, left to right, right to left and right to right) with independent delay time and feedback settings, for ping-pong effects, stereo delays etc.
	www.versiontracker.com /dyn/moreinfo/macosx/23610

	Audio Directory news at Zicos.com
		is a premiere developer of high quality audio effect and processor plugins for use in nearly any audio software.
		At the heart of the GNX3000 is the onboard amp, cabinet and effects sections including advanced Component-Based Modeling, which completely encompasses the entire signal path of the amp, cabinet and effects and all their individual components, acoustic behavior and interaction.
		The AX3000G also provides send/return jacks for users to easily connect to their favorite stomp box or rack effect unit An assignable control switch can be used to turn each effects block on and off and to control effects parameters in real time.
	proaudio.zicos.com /index.php/s/13

	Sonikmatter: Sonikmatter Community -> Issues with Tape Delay...
		at times, usually when the audio meter is at half, the tape delay does not want to delay.
		I never had any problems with Tape Delay and I sometimes use 10 of them with different settings.
		There was no apparent reason for it, but the problem was solved by changing a parameter of my audio hardware's utility software - this software I actually NEVER use, but somehow the driver must have been affected by that parameter.
	community.sonikmatter.com /forums/index.php?showtopic=4765

	Fuzzorama Laboratories - Roland Tape Delays
		in the late 1970's as multi-purpose delay effects for musicians.
		input and output are excellent for use in studio or other pro audio application.
		Specializing in tape delay and tube amplification technologies.
	fuzzorama.com /spaceecho.htm

	Music Alley - E-Magic Logic Audio Multimedia production systems
		Development of Logic Audio is accompanied and inspired by a constant dialog with professional music producers of all styles.
		And with a generous quantity of superb-sounding Emagic effect plug-ins already included, Logic Gold is not only the ideal solution for desktop computers, but is also the premiere choice for the self-contained mobile laptop studio.
		Digital audio hardware systems offering up to 24 Bit/96 audio resolution are fully supported, and can even be supplemented with up to 64 extra native audio tracks.
	www.musicalley.org /logic.htm

	Effects Pedals Tape Echo Delay E2 HEADRUSH - Stagebeat - analog, analogue, aki, akay, aky, achai, ackay, headrush, head-rush, head rush, echo, echoes, tape, delay
		The Akai Professional E2 Headrush pedal brings delay, tape echo simulations and a looping recorder in one convenient pedal.
		A versatile delay pedal for live use, in particular for guitar and bass players, or vocalists.
		The Akai Professional E2 Headrush pedal puts delay, tape echo simulations and a looping recorder in one convenient pedal.
	www.stagebeat.co.uk /product.php?product_id=2534

	MPEG Audio FAQ Version 9
		Audio objects are related to each other by mixing, effects processing, switching, and delaying them, and may be spatialized to a particular 3-D location.
		Past versions of structured audio systems with similar capability have been optimized to provide multitimbral, highly polyphonic music and post-production effects in real-time on a 150 MHz Pentium computer or simple DSP chip.
		The latter is a derivative of the standard AAC coder which is defined in MPEG-4 Version 2 to enable high quality low delay audio coding for general audio signals including speech.
	www.chiariglione.org /mpeg/faq/mp4-aud/mp4-aud.htm (5704 words)

	VideoHelp.com - Glossary
		When an Audio Video Interleave (.avi) file is compressed and converted to an.asf file, the file begins playing after only a few seconds.
		The existence of one video stream, one audio stream, or both in an AVI file is a de facto standard for VfW.
		Audio Video Interleaved - A multimedia file format for storing sound and moving pictures in RIFF format developed by Microsoft.
	www.videohelp.com /glossary?all (7375 words)

	Nord Ultra Internet Services - Internet Glossary
		A patent-free professional audio encoding and streaming codec, targeted primarily as a replacement for MP3 (which it is superior to).
		Process of serving primarily audio or video data in a manner that allows player software on the client (such as Real or Quicktime) to play or display the content immediately and continuously, rather than forcing a wait until the entire file has been downloaded.
		An audio compression format developed by the Fraunhofer Institut and Dieter Seitzer of the University of Erlangen in Erlangen, Germany in the late 1980s.
	www.nordultra.net /glossary.htm (13672 words)

	Glossary Of Audio/Video Terms
		In audio, saturation is a condition that occurs when an analog tape becomes fully magnetized and an increase in signal input level does not produce a corresponding increase in recorded level; saturation can also occur in the magnetic structure of the tape heads.
		In audio, the basic state is defined as either ordinary air pressure (without sound) or its electrical equivalent: a constant-level (DC) signal, often 0 volts, or ground.
		bias: In analog audio tape recording, an ultrasonic tone applied during recording to reduce distortion; in amplifiers, a small current applied to a tube or transistor to reduce crossover distortion.
	www.jasonlorette2.50megs.com /photo2.html (14702 words)

	Fraunhofer IIS - Audio & Multimedia Realtime Systems - Low Delay Audio Coding
		Low delay speech coding schemes as G.729, on the other hand, just provide satisfactory quality for speech signals and usually fail when used for complex audio signals like music.
		The MPEG-4 Low Delay Audio Coder is designed to combine the advantages of perceptual audio coding with the low delay necessary for two-way communication.
		With an algorithmic delay of six milliseconds and below, the Ultra Low Delay Coder (ULD) meets the requirements of those applications and any other application where high synchronisation between low bit-rate coded audio and other audio and video signals is necessary.
	www.iis.fraunhofer.de /amm/projects/lowdelayaudio (490 words)

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Topic: Delay (audio effect)

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