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Topic: Delayed onset muscle soreness

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	The Physician and Sportsmedicine: Delayed-Onset Muscle Soreness
		Aside from the pain of muscle injuries such as strains, there are two common kinds of exercise-related muscle soreness.
		One is acute soreness, which occurs during or immediately after exercise; the other kind is delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS), which develops 12 hours or longer after exercise.
		Muscle soreness during and immediately after exercise usually reflects simple fatigue, caused by a buildup of chemical waste products of exercise.
	www.physsportsmed.com /issues/1999/01_99/muscle.htm (1003 words)

	muscle fiber regeneration
		Muscle shortening ability is assessed by the flexed arm angle, which is the angle at the elbow taken as the subject attempts to fully flex the forearm, while keeping the elbow fixed at the side (7).
		Spontaneous muscle shortening is assessed by the relaxed arm angle, which is the angle at the elbow when the subject allows the arm to hang freely by the side (7).
		While the spontaneous shortening of muscle fibers may appear incompatible with the stretched sarcomere theory previously mentioned, it should be noted that stretched sarcomeres would still be able to produce tension, especially in the resting state.
	www-unix.oit.umass.edu /~excs597k/sullivan (2675 words)

	Delayed Muscle Soreness
		Those who experience delayed muscle soreness include conditioned individuals who increase the intensity, frequency or duration of their workouts, or participate in an activity that they are unfamiliar with.
		Studies on the best methods to alleviate delayed muscle soreness are almost as abundant as the number of studies conducted to determine its cause.
		This is because delayed muscle soreness has been shown to produce a rapid adaptation response, which means that the muscles adapt to an exercise intensity.
	www.nutrawize.com /muscle_soreness.htm (629 words)

	Asylum Training - DOMS: Delayed onset muscle soreness, what's the deal? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Although the effects of muscle damage on performance are not fully understood, experts generally agree that this damage is responsible in part for the localized muscle pain, tenderness, and swelling associated with DOMS.
		The affected muscles are not able to exert as much force when the person is asked to apply maximal force, such as in the performance of a 1-RM strength test.
		Muscle soreness would be great for the first few days, but evidence suggests that subsequent training bouts would cause considerably less muscle soreness.
	asylumtraining.tripod.com /doms.htm (1099 words)

	Delayed onset muscle soreness : HindustanTimes.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		This is probably delayed onset muscle soreness, which should not put you off from your new activity.
		Delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) is not a new phenomenon; research investigating the cause of delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) dates back to the early 1900s and several theories have been put forward to explain the underlying cause.
		Further research suggests that muscle damage alone may not be the best explanation for the cause of delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS).
	www.hindustantimes.com /news/181_1116469,00500024.htm (836 words)

	Muscle Soreness (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Muscle soreness was less after an 8% carbohydrate and 2% protein drink than after a 10% carbohydrate drink.
		Ice massage is ineffective in reducing the indirect markers associated with exercise-induced muscle damage and enhancing recovery of muscle function in male exercisers unaccustomed to eccentric biased exercise.
		Muscle Soreness: Electrical Stimulation No Benefit: The use of microcurrent electrical neuromuscular stimulation on pain and loss of range of motion associated with delayed-onset muscle soreness resulted in no significant difference in the measurement of subjective pain scores or elbow extension when the MENS group was compared with the sham group.
	www.modern-psychiatry.com /muscle_soreness.htm (1840 words)

	Post run stiffness - the ABC, the Andrew Bosch Corner - exercise physiology A Time-to-Run - scientific aspects on ...
		Although the precise cause of delayed onset muscle soreness remains unknown, all runners are aware that the degree of pain depends on the intensity and duration of the run.
		Firstly, after the muscles have recovered from the damage that caused the stiffness and the adaptive process is complete, the muscle is more resistant to damage from subsequent exercise for up to six weeks.
		It has also been suggested that stretching the painful muscle or muscles may be beneficial, but this has not consistently been shown to alleviate delayed onset muscle soreness.
	www.time-to-run.com /theabc/postrun.htm (798 words)

	Sore Muscles? Don't Stop Exercising
		Delayed muscle soreness after exercise is common and often means your muscles are getting stronger.
		Making the time to exercise, creating a balanced routine, and setting goals are hard enough, but add to that the muscle soreness that comes with adapting to that regimen, and it may be difficult to stay on track.
		"Delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) is a common result of physical activity that stresses the muscle tissue beyond what it is accustomed to," says David O. Draper, professor and director of the graduate program in sports medicine/athletic training at Brigham Young University in Provo, Utah.
	www.webmd.com /content/Article/66/79847.htm?pagenumber=1 (350 words)

	Muscle Injury and Healing
		Fewer numbers of muscle fibers are present, with a subsequent reduction in muscle mass (18).
		This is called delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS), and is different from fatigue in that there is actual damage to the muscle (11, 14).
		Some feel that damage to the muscle fibers or connective tissue is the primary cause of pain, although general inflammation and the increased release of certain enzymes has also been implicated (1, 8, 11, 14, 16).
	www.ajjf.org /article09.html (2068 words)

	Ibuprofen \| delayed onset muscle soreness (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Muscle soreness was established (before, 24 and 48 hours after the bout of eccentric exercise) using a questionnaire, with each subject rating the soreness experienced during active movements on a scale of 1-10.
		The study revealed that, after an intense bout of eccentric exercise, administration of Ibuprofen decreased the perception of muscle soreness and CK activity.
		Despite a decrease in the perception of pain and reduced levels of the markers associated with muscle damage, the research team was unable to establish any performance benefits resulting from the administration of Ibuprofen.
	www.pponline.co.uk /encyc/Ibuprofen-muscle-soreness.html (608 words)

	Heavyweights.ca Message Board - Delayed-Onset Muscle Soreness
		A common misconception is that lactic acid is the prime cause of muscle soreness; however, the lactic acid theory has been rejected in the literature, and is no longer considerd a mechanism leading to DOMS (delayed onset muscle soreness).
		When a muscle contracts, cross bridges form between actin and myosin, which are proteins deep within the muscle fibers.
		Therfore, stresses placed on the muscle, in the form of stretch, will have a greater injurous effect on Type II fibers, due to the connective tissue's inabiltiy to withstand tension at the same level as Type I fibers.
	www.heavyweights.net /forums/topic.asp?TOPIC_ID=8139 (1133 words)

	SuperiorMuscle - Article: Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		DOMS is not caused by lactic acid in the muscle.
		Studies have shown that the vast majority of damage associated with DOMS is attributed to eccentric muscle contractions, in which the muscle fibers are lengthened as force is applied to them.
		Eccentric muscle contractions occur, for example, when you run downhill, or as you are lower a weight (such as during a squat or an arm curl).
	www.superiormuscle.com /vbulletin/showthread.php?t=2613 (1103 words)

	eMedicine - Postexercise Muscle Soreness : Article Excerpt by: Divakara Kedlaya, MBBS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The free nerve endings are distributed primarily in the muscle connective tissue between fibers, (especially in the regions of arterioles and capillaries) and at the musculotendinous junctions.
		According to Tiidus and Ianuzzo, the degree of muscle soreness is related to both the intensity of the muscular contractions and the duration of the exercise.
		The delayed pain was related directly to the peak forces developed and to the rate of force development in rhythmic contractions.
	www.emedicine.com /pmr/byname/postexercise-muscle-soreness.htm (592 words)

	Cogprints - Pulsed Ultrasound Does Not Affect Recovery From Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Perception of muscle soreness, active ROM and muscle strength were the parameters measured at 0 h, 24 h, 48 h and 72 h with the help of VAS, manual goniometer and JONEX muscles master instrument respectively.
		Delayed onset muscle soreness : Lack of effect of therapeutic ultrasound in humans.
		Muscle soreness, swelling, stiffness and strength loss after intense eccentric exercise.
	cogprints.org /5003 (464 words)

	Delayed muscles soreness: What causes it? - MayoClinic.com
		Muscle soreness is most likely to occur after trying a new exercise or activity or with an increase in intensity, frequency or duration of exercise — for example, if you've been running a mile a day and you increase to 3 miles a day.
		Soreness usually decreases after a couple of weeks of consistent exercise.
		To reduce this soreness, avoid working the same muscle groups on consecutive days and add low-intensity exercise, such as walking, to your workout.
	www.mayoclinic.com /health/muscle-soreness/AN00933 (359 words)

	Delayed onset muscle soreness - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS) is the pain or discomfort often felt 24 to 72 hours after exercising and subsides generally within 2 to 3 days.
		Once thought to be caused by lactic acid buildup, a more recent theory is that it is caused by tiny tears in the muscle fibres caused by eccentric contraction, or unaccustomed training levels.
		Training in a state of constant soreness would be uncomfortable, although one may be able to adapt to it.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Delayed_onset_muscle_soreness (837 words)

	Delayed onset muscle soreness from OnHealth
		After participating in some kind of strenuous physical activity, particularly something new to your body, it is common to experience muscle soreness, say experts.
		Delayed onset muscle soreness usually affects only the body parts that were worked, so perhaps you can work other muscle groups while letting the fatigued ones recover.
		This is why athletes often cross-train and vary their routines to continue to challenge and develop their muscle strength.
	onhealth.webmd.com /script/main/art.asp?articlekey=52151 (917 words)

	Massage Decreases Intensity of Delayed Soreness - Massage Magazine
		Massage significantly lowered the intensity of soreness experienced in delayed onset muscle soreness, according to recent research.
		"The effects of massage on delayed onset muscle soreness" was conducted by J.E. Hilbert, G.A. Sforzo and T. Swensen of the Center for Health Sciences Department of Exercise and Sport Sciences in Ithaca, New York.
		However, the massage group’s intensity of soreness was significantly lower than the control group’s at 48 hours post exercise.
	www.massagemag.com /Magazine/2003/issue105/research105.3.php (490 words)

	Homeopathy for Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) is one of the many conditions practitioners of homeopathy claim to be able to treat, and therefore is an ideal model to test the efficacy of homeopathy.
		Homeopathic remedies used to treat DOMS include Arnica montana for soft-tissue trauma, Rhus toxicodendron for muscle stiffness and sarcolactic acid for sore and aching muscles.
		The type of exercise used to induce muscle soreness included bilateral upper arm muscle flexion and extension, bench-stepping exercises and running a marathon.
	www.jr2.ox.ac.uk /bandolier/booth/alternat/AT011.html (431 words)

	The effects of massage on delayed onset muscle soreness -- Hilbert et al. 37 (1): 72 -- British Journal of Sports ...
		Delayed onset muscle soreness: the inflammatory response to muscle injury and its clinical implications.
		Skeletal muscle calcium-activated neutral protease (calpain) with exercise.
		Myocellular enzyme leakage, polymorphonuclear neutrophil activation and delayed onset muscle soreness induced by isokinetic eccentric exercise.
	bjsm.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/37/1/72 (2624 words)

	Delayed Onset of Muscular Soreness (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		We've all experienced that pain in the muscles after unusual exercise, which is commonly referred to as 'delayed onset muscle soreness' and abbreviated to 'DOMS'.
		It is thought to be a tearing of the Z band in the muscle structure which results in an acute inflammation of the muscle and considerable dissolution of the micro-structure of the muscle.
		Certainly the changes in the muscle in DOMS closely resembles the changes that occur with ischaemia - when blood supply is cut off - and there are similar changes to the muscle and the CK levels in certain metabolic muscle disorders.
	www.afpafitness.com /articles/Domslink.htm (1824 words)

	The Pain When You Gain: Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness
		The typical muscle soreness experienced in the days following a workout is referred to as Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS) and is characterized by stiffness, pain and sometimes weakness in the exercised muscles.
		Studies report that DOMS is most likely the result of microscopic damage or tearing of muscle fibers with the amount of damage correlated to the intensity, amount, and kind of exercise that occurs.
		Commonly referred to as the "negative" part of an exercise, eccentric action occurs when a muscle resists while it is forced to lengthen.
	www.fit-at-home.com /delayed-onset-muscle-soreness.htm (666 words)

	health.iafrica.com \| fitness online \| running Delayed onset muscle soreness
		This will result in muscle soreness, until the body is used to the particular type of strain.
		Downhill running causes eccentric contractions of the calves, quadriceps and buttocks, which is the cause of extreme muscle soreness after training or racing on a hilly course.
		When you are training or racing, it is the muscle fibres which are depleted of glycogen which are the most susceptible to the micro-trauma which causes DOMS.
	health.iafrica.com /fitness/running/doms.htm (1045 words)

	The Effectiveness of Post-Exercise Petrissage Massage Technique on Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness
		Many athletes use sports massage as a way of reducing delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS), which is a form of acute inflammation activated in response to tissue injury and that the soreness sensation represents inflammatory pain.
		Connective tissue and muscles are gently squeezed and rolled with the fingers in a 'milking' action" (Cafarelli et al.
		In his review of the literature Tiidus'(1997) fails to mention when the technique is used; but simply states that efileurage involves light or deep muscle stroking, which either questions his sources or his ability to use all necessary information.
	www.wvu.edu /~mcnair/IE/abstracts/2000/adriannahardy.htm (1852 words)

	MASSAGE AND DELAYED ONSET MUSCLE SORENESS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Athletes use muscle soreness to guide them in their training programs.
		When the soreness is gone, the athlete takes a harder workout again.
		The effects of massage on delayed onset muscle soreness.
	www.drmirkin.com /fitness/1825.html (170 words)

	eMedicine - Postexercise Muscle Soreness : Article by Divakara Kedlaya, MBBS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The tenderness often is described as localized in the distal portion of the muscle in the region of the musculotendinous junction.
		Angles of the fibers to the long axis of the muscle are greatest in the region of musculotendinous junction, increasing the susceptibility of the fibers to mechanical trauma.
		The increased tension per unit of area could cause mechanical disruption of structural elements in the muscle fibers themselves or in the connective tissue that is in series with the contractile elements; however, it has not been proven that injury to muscle cells or connective tissue is the causative factor in DOMS.
	www.emedicine.com /pmr/topic117.htm (4347 words)

	Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness (D.O.M.S.) (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.umd.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) after a workout is quite common and quite annoying, particularly if you are just beginning an exercise program or changing activities.
		This is a normal response to unusual exertion and is part of an adaptation process that leads to greater stamina and strength as the muscles recover and build.
		Activities that require muscles to forcefully contract while they are lengthening, (eccentric contractions), seem to cause the most soreness.
	sportsmedicine.about.com.cob-web.org:8888 /cs/injuries/a/doms.htm (562 words)

	Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness
		The good soreness that makes you stronger is called DOMS (Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness) and is caused by microscopic tears in your muscle fibers.
		When muscles are damaged, they produce healing prostaglandins that cause muscles to become bigger and stronger than before they were exercised vigorously.
		When your muscles feel sore from exercising, take the day off or exercise with very light resistance, such as running or cycling very slowly, or lifting extremely light weights.
	www.drmirkin.com /public/ezine020506.html (915 words)

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