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Topic: Delta wing

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	Aerodynamics of the Delta Wing
		Flows past delta wings are severely compounded by the leading edge separation, by the roll-up structure of the concentrated vortices, and by the lateral and longitudinal instability that is consequent to large sweeps, high-angle of attack, and sharp manoeuvres.
		Delta wings are appropriate plan forms to fly at supersonic and hypersonic speeds, therefore there has been a long time interest in investigating the effects of high Mach numbers.
		Wings with supersonic leading edges are characterized by a Prandtl-Meyer expansion behind the bow shock and by an attached leading edge flow Fig.
	www.aerodyn.org /Wings/delta.html (1300 words)

	Aerodynamics of the Delta Wing
		Flows past delta wings are severely compounded by the leading edge separation, by the roll-up structure of the concentrated vortices, and by the lateral and longitudinal instability that is consequent to large sweeps, high-angle of attack, and sharp manoeuvres.
		Delta wings are appropriate plan forms to fly at supersonic and hypersonic speeds, therefore there has been a long time interest in investigating the effects of high Mach numbers.
		Wings with subsonic leading edge are dominated by leading edge separation.
	aerodyn.org /Wings/delta.html (1300 words)

	Delta wing with lift enhancing flap - Patent 5062595
		The wing assembly of claim 1, wherein the flap is adapted to be rapidly rotated under flow conditions by the rotating means from a position where the flap is substantially against and parallel to the top surface of the wing to a fixed position 90 degrees or less away from the wing surface.
		The wing assembly of claim 1, wherein the flap is adapted to be fixed by the rotating means at an angle of between 0 degrees and 90 degrees with respect to the top surface of the wing under flow conditions for a specified period of time.
		The wing assembly of claim 10, wherein the flap is oscillated with respect to the top surface of the wing at an angle of between 0 and 70 degrees during flow conditions.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /5062595.html (4095 words)

	Delta Wing Model 162
		ogallo designed his flexible wing to allow the astronauts to deploy it like a parachute at subsonic speeds during reentry, then 'fly' their capsule to a specified touchdown point.
		The Delta Wing kites were also popular attractions in water-ski shows at marine theme parks, and at airshows.
		Other people had the same idea and soon hillocks and seaside cliffs were crawling with fledgling pilots attempting to foot-launch a variety of aircraft, from factory-built Delta Wing gliders to crude homebuilts fashioned from plastic tubing.
	www.nasm.si.edu /research/aero/aircraft/delta_wing_162.htm (1198 words)

	NOVA \| Battle of the X-Planes \| Getting Airborne and Wing Designs \| PBS
		The delta wing, for example, has low drag at high speeds due to its swept-back shape, and it weighs less, which allows more fuel to be carried.
		Also affecting lift is the wing's airfoil shape—the shape of the wing as seen in a cross-sectional view between the wing's leading and trailing edges.
		Here the tradeoff is between lift and drag, or how efficiently the airfoil moves through the air: a wing with a lot of lift typically has a lot of drag, and a wing with little drag typically has little lift.
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/nova/xplanes/airborne.html (310 words)

	Basic Delta Types
		For a standard wing with a keel extension the spars and spreader position are the same as on a standard delta.
		On the left is a "standard delta," with wing tips and root on the same straight line, while the one on the right has an "extended keel." Both kites have long center spines, but only the red one has the wing fabric coming all the way down to the end.
		Some of the wing area is removed, or "clipped," from the wing tips, but the fronts of the wing spars and the position of the spreader are still determined by the virtual delta within.
	www.deltas.freeserve.co.uk /types.html (4725 words)

	wing types
		A small wing called a canard is often attached to the fuselage near the front on this type of aircraft.
		The flying wing is an aircraft design where the wing forms virtually the entire airplane and it sweeps back from the center of the aircraft.
		Dihedral is the angle at which the wings are slanted upward from the root of the wing (where it is attached to the fuselage) to the wing tip.
	www.daviddarling.info /encyclopedia/W/wing_types.html (375 words)

	Delta Wings
		Despite the fact that paper airplanes have delta wings and appear to fly quite well when launched from a height, delta wings actually perform poorly at low speeds and often are unstable (i.e., they do not stay in level flight on their own).
		He chose the delta shape and constructed a wooden glider to be launched from high altitude by a transport plane.
		During the 1950s the delta wing was used on several aircraft that had a need for speed, including the B-58 Hustler and the canceled XB-70 Valkyrie bomber.
	www.centennialofflight.gov /essay/Evolution_of_Technology/delta_wing/Tech10.htm (1417 words)

	Wing Information
		A wing is a surface used to produce an aerodynamic force normal to the direction of motion by travelling in air or another gaseous medium, facilitating flight.
		The most common use of wings is to fly by deflecting air downwards to produce lift, but upside-down wings are also commonly used as a way to produce downforce and hold objects to the ground (for example: racing cars).
		Delta wings have reasonable performance at subsonic and supersonic speeds and are good at high angles of attack.
	www.bookrags.com /wiki/Wing (1102 words)

	ASK DJ Aerotech Question (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Because of this, the tips of that wing are not making much lift, and reducing their chord by that amount in that area approximates the amount of lift made by that part of the wing.
		Since the real-world finite-span wing makes less lift at a given angle of attack than the raw wind tunnel data for that airfoil suggests, then obviously its lift curve slope is also somewhat less.
		Thus, a 5 degree swept wing has a dCl/d-alpha of about 99.6% of the unswept wing, at ten degrees that drops to 98.5%, at 20 degrees it's 94% (still a relatively insignificant difference), at 30 degrees it's 87%, and at 40 degrees it's down to 77%.
	www.djaerotech.com /dj_askjd/dj_questions/deltadihed.html (1014 words)

	Low Speed Aerodynamics Research Group - Analysis of Delta Wing Flows (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The basic delta wing used in the test programme was machined from a solid block of aluminium.
		The wing had a flat leeward surface, a highly contoured windward surface, (giving a thickness ratio of 9.0%) and bevelled edges on the windward side to produce sharp leading and trailing edges.
		The three-dimensional stalling process on the delta wing was quite different from those on the other two wings which exhibited a complex interaction between the dynamic stall vortex and the tip vortices.
	www.aero.gla.ac.uk /Research/LowSpeedAero/delta.htm (428 words)

	CONCORDE SST : DELTA WING (Site not responding. Last check: )
		On the wing of a traditional subsonic aircraft there may be well over 50 moveable devices, including those for control and trim of the aircraft and the often complex flaps and leading edge slats for the generation of additional lift at slower speeds.
		On a delta wing at low speeds, such a vortex is formed nearly enough along the entire wing surface and produces most of the lift in those conditions.
		During the design of the wing, over 5000 hours of wing tunnel testing were carried out to modify its camber, droop and twist, to ensure that the vortex that would be formed along the wing would be stable at high angles of attack.
	www.concordesst.com /wing.html (665 words)

	OUR PROJECTS
		This delta wing model was selected for further testing because of its connection with the F-15 model and because even without the vortex burst phenomenon present, fluctuations were clearly present.
		To investigate whether a region exists on this delta wing model where Raleigh's theorem for an unstable boundary layer due to centrifugal instabilities is violated, a quantitative three-dimensional velocity field is needed.
		Each cone is placed with it's apex at the apex of the delta wing and oriented at the angles determined from the delta wing vortex flow visualization data.
	www.adl.gatech.edu /mklein/markspage2.html (2192 words)

	BTE - About the Delta Vortex
		Deltas really came into their own during the early days of R/C pylon racing, when there was an open class for any type of design.
		Because deltas are a naturally "clean" configuration, they enjoyed a lot of success in the speed-driven world of pylon racing.
		Deltas don't like to stall, so snaps and spins with a delta are different, but spectacular, in their own way.
	www.btemodels.com /vor_info.html (1094 words)

	Measuring Vortex Breakdown Over a Delta Wing (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The flow over a delta wing is a vortex dominated flow field.
		The delta wing owes much of the lift that it is able to generate a subsonic speeds to the fact that the flow separates at the leading edge of the wing.
		The slices were taken from the center of the wing, where the breakdown ocurred.
	www.sv.vt.edu /classes/ESM4714/Student_Proj/class93/schaeffl/vortex.html (408 words)

	Robert C. Nelson
		Delta wings are extremely efficient for supersonic and hypersonic flight.
		At angle of attack the flow structure on the upper side of a delta wing is dominated by the vortices created at the sharp leading edge.
		Dynamic rolling motions such as wing rock, wing drop and heavy wing are motions that are not commanded by the pilot.
	www.nd.edu /~ame/facultystaff/Nelson,Robert.html (545 words)

	Blast Pad™ Delta Wing Flyer
		Delta Wing Flyer™ launches skyward like a missile and floats back to earth like a glider.
		The wing is detachable from the missile for repositioning.
		Delta Wing uses our Metalix™ composite technology to create an ultra-lite durable missile for the wings to mount on to.
	www.markysparkytoys.com /html/blastpaddeltawing.html (96 words)

	Vortex flow on wings with highly swept leading edges
		On a wing without sweep the LEV can only stay on the wing for a few seconds before it expands to the point where it has to separate from the wing and then the wing stalls, this is what's called "dynamic stall".
		Actually, on a delta wing, there is no distinct tip vortex, the LEV starts near the nose of the airplane and runs along the top surface to the tip, where it is dumped overboard just like a regular tip vortex.
		These strakes are basically small deltas with sharp LEs attached to the LE of the main wing at the root.
	www.acsol.net /~nmasters/vortex-lift/delta.html (684 words)

	JGRC Aggressor Radio Control Delta Flying Wing
		Additionally, I have only built one flying wing and it was a disaster of my own design, so this would be a step away from the usual for me.
		One of the plates took the place of the balsa doubler under the wing and the other went on the top of the wing.
		Before reaching the opposite wing tip, it loops forward and enters the center of the wing where it is attached to the receiver.
	airfieldmodels.com /gallery_of_models/rc/jgrc_aggressor/index.htm (2386 words)

	Computational Test Cases for Oscillating Clipped Delta Wing
		To facilitate pressure instrumentation, the thickness of the wing was increased to 6 percent of chord, as compared with 2.5 to 3 percent for the supersonic transport.
		One of the consequences of increasing the relative thickness of a clipped delta wing is that transonic effects are enhanced for mach numbers near one; these effects are significantly stronger than would be the case for the thinner supersonic-transport wing.
		In addition, a shock develops over the aft portion of the wing at transonic speeds such that at some angles of attack, there is both a leading-edge vortex and a shock wave on the wing.
	www.nasatech.com /Briefs/Sept02/L17822.html (421 words)

	CASE Lab Research: Delta Wing Experimental Data (Site not responding. Last check: )
		This page presents a set of steady experimental data pertaining to an 80° delta wing at a pitch angle of 30° and various static roll angles.
		The geometry for this test was a slender delta wing with 80° leading edge sweep, a root chord of 16 5/8 inches, a total wing span of 5 7/8 inches measured at the base of the delta wing, and a thickness of 1/4 inch.
		The following plots show surface pressure distributions on the upper and lower surfaces of the delta wing for various roll angles.
	www.caselab.okstate.edu /research/experiment/delta80.html (213 words)

	First Delta-Wing Fighter Was a Reptile \| LiveScience
		The last one, D, is the delta-wing shape envisioned by Dyke and his team.
		"At low flight speeds, there is no real reason to have a wing this shape, but delta wings work efficiently at fast speeds, especially supersonic," Dyke told LiveScience.
		mirabilis, however, the wing membranes of pterosaurs attached to their forelimbs and hind limbs.
	www.livescience.com /animals/060718_delta_wing.html (705 words)

	Shuttle Columbia Disaster summary (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Double Delta Wing of the Shuttle with increased drag and resistance might have been prone to problems with increased ionization where the vortexes occur (the point where the wing angles as seen in wind tunnel testing of another Double-Delta wing aircraft in the picture on the right).
		In this steep bank, the left wing is now taking the brunt of the heat and ionization while the vortices from the double-delta of the left wing would be much greater than those on the right wing, everything to this point is within normal expected parameters.
		The Double Delta design of the wing means that the left wing is creating a larger vortex than the right wing during the bank.
	www.superforce.com /shuttle/summary.htm (949 words)

	Hummel Delta Wing - Frink & Pirzadeh (Site not responding. Last check: )
		To 1) apply an emerging unstructured, viscous grid generation code to construct a tetrahedral, viscous grid around a delta wing, 2) obtain a laminar solution from an unstructured viscous-flow solver, and 3) validate the result against experimental data and a structured-grid computation.
		An unstructured viscous grid of 730,454 tetrahedral cells was generated for a delta wing of aspect-ratio 1 by a version of the unstructured-grid generation code, VGRID, which was recently extended with the new Advancing-Layers method (ALM).
		Normal spacing is distributed near the surface to yield approximately 10 nodes (30 tetrahedra) in the mid-chord boundary layer for laminar flow.
	aaac.larc.nasa.gov /tsab/tetruss/images/hummel.html (420 words)

	NASA - NASA Dryden Fact Sheets - XF-92A
		By the late 1930s, it was clear that traditional straight wings and relatively thick airfoils were not suitable for flight approaching the speed of sound.
		A delta wing combined a sharp angle which reduced drag, with a large surface area that increased lift.
		The wing fences were designed to control the tendency of swept wing aircraft to pitch up at low speeds and in turns.
	www.nasa.gov /centers/dryden/news/FactSheets/FS-080-DFRC.html (1152 words)

	Thwing! - Radio Control Delta Flying Wing
		Mike described a fairly standard delta wing design having about 400-450 inches of wing that would weigh no more than 32 oz, which happens to be the thrust rating of the motor.
		The elevons were already built such that they would meet in the center of the wing with a minimal gap between them.
		The whole wing could be covered in Oracover Lite, but the regular Oracover transparent orange is warmer and a nicer color overall.
	www.airfieldmodels.com /gallery_of_models/rc/thwing!/index.htm (2449 words)

	[No title]
		Trailing vortices are formed at the aircraft’s wing tips because of the pressure difference between the top and bottom of the wing; as seen in Figure 1.2 Studies to understand the wakes of aircraft have been underway for over 30 years.
		The hypothesis is that the delta wing vortex generated by the wing tip will destabilize the conventional tip vortex structure naturally, such as with vortex breakdown, and accelerate the dispersion of these vortices.
		The main wing is a NACA 0023 airfoil, constructed of beech wood and coated with monocoat Mylar.
	www.clarkson.edu /honors/research/papers/Slaby-Justin.doc (3609 words)

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