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Topic: Demic diffusion

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	Encyclopedia :: encyclopedia : Diffusion (business) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Diffusion is the process by which a new idea or new product is accepted by the market.
		The rate of diffusion is the speed that the new idea spreads from one consumer to the next.
		Adoption is similar to diffusion except that it deals with the psychological processes an individual goes through, rather than an aggregate market process.
	www.hallencyclopedia.com /Diffusion_(business) (483 words)

	EPSRC NANIA CLUSTER
		Earlier work had considered diffusion as a mechanism, but only in terms of a `cultural' diffusion where technology was passed between indigenous peoples without significant actual movement of population.
		The model solves the demic equation (essentially a diffusive spread of population plus a local logistic term representing population dynamics) on a realistic map of Europe.
		In this instance, the demic diffusion dominates over the technology diffusion and the convert population in overwhelmed by the advancing farmers.
	www.ph.ed.ac.uk /nania/neolithic/neolithic.html (661 words)

	Semes and Genes in Africa
		The demic diffusion model explained the greatest number of semes (20) and was especially important for explaining kinship, family and community semes.
		These semes could be a later stage of demic diffusion in that groups that slowly expanded, shared semes and continued to live in proximity to one another, or the groups always lived next to each other, frequently intermarried and shared semes.
		Demic diffusion and the associated mechanisms of transmission question the anthropological effort to demonstrate that many of these semes are "adaptive" or "functional" in a particular ecology.
	www.vancouver.wsu.edu /fac/hewlett/semes.html (6737 words)

	Demic diffusion - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Demic diffusion is an archaeological term that refers to population diffusion into and across an area previously uninhabited by that group, possibly displacing, replacing, or intermixing with a pre-existing population (e.g.
		It has been hypothesized that the spread of agriculture into Europe, for example, occurred by the expansion and spread of agriculturists consistent with the demic diffusion model.
		Y genetic data support the Neolithic demic diffusion model.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Demic_diffusion (137 words)

	Gene Expression: A tale of two scientists
		He notes that demic diffusion, the expansion of a population at higher relative rates than surrounding groups, can be observed today in Africa-as the Bantu expansion finally settles in to the last refuges of the pre-agricultural foraging peoples, the Pygmies and the Khoisan.
		First, his demic diffusion thesis did not in the context of Europe specify a specific number, and Sykes' own work shows that the "Jasmine" lineage (the one that is Middle Eastern) is localized and concentrated in certain regions of Europe (southern littoral, southeast and some inland valleys).
		Demic diffusion could have been much more significant than the 20% figure indicates, since the people who diffused agriculture into Europe probably included other haplogroups than J and E3b even in Anatolia, and certainly they did so by the time the first farming communities were formed in the Balkans.
	www.gnxp.com /MT2/archives/001120.html (1270 words)

	Australian Archaeological Association (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The phylogeny (demic diffusion) versus reticulation (social interaction) dichotomy sets the conceptual framework for Bellwood’s interpretation of early agricultural development and subsequent spread in different regions of the world.
		Bellwood presents a ‘middle-of-the-road’ conclusion of demic diffusion with ‘constant processes of population mixing, sex-specific differential migration, and successive bottlenecks’ (p.272).
		Demic diffusion is the dominant mechanism, with some allowance for reticulation during periods of standstill and ‘settling-in’.
	www.australianarchaeologicalassociation.com.au /bookreviews/review.php?id=00090 (1397 words)

	Genetic Chaos (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		This paper proposes that the worldwide transition to an anatomically modern human form was caused by the diffusive spread from Africa of a genotype — a coadapted combination of novel genes — carrying a complex genetic advantage.
		It is suggested that the movement out of Africa was not a migration but a "diffusion wave" — a continuous expansion of modern populations by small random movements, hybridization, and natural selection favoring the modern genotype.
		It is shown that the genotype could have spread by directionally random demic diffusion, but only under conditions involving a low rate of interdeme admixture ("interbreeding") and strong selection.
	vetinarilord.blogspot.com /2005/12/diffusion-wave-out-of-africa-this.html (832 words)

	Modeling the Origin and Spread of Early Agriculture
		In this demic diffusion model, dispersing populations introduced Europeans to the Neolithic lifestyle.
		Their results support a model of demic diffusion and, for the first time, pinpoint the geographic origin of agriculture within the Fertile Crescent.
		While no cultural diffusion model is known so far that can explain the observed rate (calculated from the archeological evidence), a kilometer or so a year is consistent with a time-delayed demic diffusion model.
	www.rxpgnews.com /specialtopics/evolution/printer_3072.shtml (736 words)

	AHRC Centre for the Evolutionary Analysis of Cultural Behaviour >> - Projects
		Support for this 'demic diffusion' model came with the SE-NW gradient in the first Principal Component of variation in allele frequencies of Europeans on a synthetic gene map.
		In areas where demic diffusion is predicted to have occurred, a more abrupt transition may be visible.
		The environmental factors differentiating regions of probable demic diffusion from those of probable adoption-diffusion also need to be examined in terms of their implications for forager and farmer demography.
	www.ceacb.ucl.ac.uk /projects?go1=23 (496 words)

	The earliest farmers in Europe
		In this paper we argue that agriculture arrived in southeastern Europe by demic diffusion and present a major modification of Ammerman and Cavalli Sforza's wave-of-advance model for this process.
		The debate on demic diffusion by Ammerman and Zvelebil is revealing in this regard, but to avoid entanglement with events in central and western Europe, we limit ourselves here to the early Neolithic of Greece and adjacent southeastern Europe.
		Therefore, while accepting the essence of the demic diffusion model, we focus on the preference for floodplains by arriving farmers and their apparent success there.
	www.unige.ch /lettres/archeo/introduction_seminaire/neolithique/runnels.html (4590 words)

	untitled (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Genetic evidence for the spread of agriculture in Europe by demic diffusion.
		Authors try to determine whether the spread of agriculture can be attributed to by cultural diffusion over Europe or by demic expansion of Neolithic farmers into new territories.
		Authors cite this as evidence of demic diffusion hypotheses.
	www.life.umd.edu /faculty/wilkinson/ZOOL608V/lgcoevo/Sokal91.html (181 words)

	Diffusion of Han culture (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		This suggests that the southward migration of the Han was, in broad terms, led by males.
		The spread of culture and language in human populations is explained by two alternative models: the demic diffusion model, which involves mass movement of people; and the cultural diffusion model, which refers to cultural impact between populations and involves limited genetic exchange between them.
		Here we show, by systematically analysing Y-chromosome and mitochondrial DNA variation in Han populations, that the pattern of the southward expansion of Han culture is consistent with the demic diffusion model, and that males played a larger role than females in this expansion.
	www.world-science.net /ScienceNewsBriefs/stories/040915_han.htm (364 words)

	Article...
		Fisher showed, by using a diffusion model, that after a gene was established in a deme there would be a wave of advance for which V= (1/2)s(s)1/2, where V is the velocity of the wave, and s is the selective advantage of the allele.
		He provides evidence, from the spread of Carpentarian characteristics in Australia, that genetic diffusion is indeed as would be predicted from a model where tribal boundaries are an obstacle to gene flow, and the boundaries are further apart in areas of low rainfall.
		Thus, the rate of diffusion of genes would be limited by the boundaries of the tribal groups, and the short distances from one boundary to the other would again limit the gene diffusion.
	www.cpsimoes.net /artigos/geo_intel.html (11622 words)

	Pre-Roman Iron Age - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		However, the Germanic tribes would not be known to history for being very peaceful, nor for being geographically static.
		This time was also the age of the Teutons and the Cimbri, whose migrations were little like cultural diffusion, and who were an example of what would follow in the later Roman Iron Age and Age of Migrations.
		The Jastorf culture is an Iron Age material culture in northern Europe, dated from about 600 BC to 1.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pre-Roman_Iron_Age (722 words)

	Diffusion Model (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Diffusion is the net movement of a substance (liquid or gas) from an area of
		The Diffusion of Innovations Model and Outreach from the National Network of Libraries of Medicine to Native American Communities...
		Diffusion occurs when a system is not at equilibrium.
	diffusionofinnovations.info /info/Diffusion-Model (305 words)

	ANTHROPOLOGY (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Genetic evideznce supports demic diffusion of Han culture
		The mechanism of the peopling of Europe has long been debated, a key issue being whether the diffusion of agriculture and language from the Near East was concomitant with a large movement of farmers.
		The Han people, who all share the same culture and language, exceed 1.16 billion (2000 census), and are by far the largest ethnic group in the world.
	anthropologyag.blogspot.com (5858 words)

	Upstream: Upstream: Library: Miller: Tracing the Genetic History of Modern Man (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		By demic diffusion is meant that the early farming populations expanded gradually with each new generation moving further into Europe, with the average rate being about one kilometer per year.
		The demic diffusion model makes it likely that the ancestors of modern Europeans were not primarily Ice Age Europeans, but paleolithic Middle Easterners.
		Similar maps for Italy are interpreted as possibly providing evidence of the diffusion of the genes of the original Etruscans, who may have come to have a distinctive pattern of gene frequencies through either drift in a small original population, or by immigration to Italy from another area (p.
	www.mugu.com /cgi-bin/Upstream/Library/Miller/genetic-history.html (12410 words)

	[No title]
		Indeed, a demic diffusion scenario starting in the same region is becoming increasingly supported in the case of Indo-European and some of the other Nostratic branches.
		If confirmed this would identify the Fertile Crescent as the cradle of the neighbouring linguistic diversity, and the demic diffusion model as a paradigm for the study of populations92 evolution in these regions at least.
		Correlatively, in the demic model of a linguistic family expansion, admixture patterns between the migrating people and the local demes are expected.
	www.ling.ed.ac.uk /evolang/2004/ABSTRACTS/POSTERS/benhamed1.txt (735 words)

	Agnet May 20 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The process by which agriculture diffused from the Fertile Crescent within the past 10,000 years has been widely discussed, but as yet there is no consensus: Was it mostly a demic diffusion (with massive spread of people) or rather a cultural diffusion (without substantial migration of people)?
		The demic diffusion model (1) predicts a substantial genetic input from migrating agriculturalists, whereas the cultural diffusion model (2) predicts no major changes at the genetic level.
		Under the demic diffusion model, recent agriculturalists are expected to show closer genetic affinities to traditional agriculturalists than do hunter-gatherers; whereas under the cultural diffusion model, recent agriculturalists should resemble hunter-gatherers genetically.
	archives.foodsafetynetwork.ca /agnet/2004/5-2003/agnet_may_20.htm (3372 words)

	► » Who founded Russia? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		> > demic diffusion is false or at least insufficient.
		> demic diffusion is false or at least insufficient.
		demic diffusion is false or at least insufficient.
	www.enrosite.com /Who-founded-Russia-10138478.html (1935 words)

	MichaelBalter.com
		Because the Y chromosome is inherited through the male line, and mtDNA is passed down through women, some researchers now think that different genetic destinies of men and women could reconcile the data--and perhaps even the European origins debate.
		But other researchers argued that there was little evidence that early farmers had undergone the kind of explosive population growth required by demic diffusion.
		Most studies of mtDNA have supported the cultural diffusion hypothesis, whereas the Y chromosome data seem to favor a movement of people themselves.
	www.michaelbalter.com /NeolithicNews05/11_11_2005\|The_Puzzle_of_European_Origins.php (1072 words)

	Dienekes' Anthropology Blog: Strabo on Ancient Britons
		No, I don't think in particular favor Renfrew's theory; you must be aware that Renfrew's theory is one of demic diffusion rather than elite dominance.
		Demic diffusion can only work if there is a significant demic component, i.e., if many people move into an area, then they will take their language with them, just as the Slavs took their language in the medieval period.
		On the other hand, there has been no such demic diffusion in post-Neolithic times in Europe that would explain the distribution of Indo-European languages.
	dienekes.ifreepages.com /blog/archives/000222.html (1430 words)

	DIFFUSION RATE IN IMMUNOLOGY (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		into the inner nuclear membrane presumably by lateral diffusion, as...
		epidemiology, evolutionary science, immunology, diffusion of innovations, linguistics,...
		In this demic diffusion model, dispersing populations introduced...
	www.fellponyworld.de /82534 (220 words)

	CiteULike: A prehistory of Indian Y chromosomes: Evaluating demic diffusion scenarios. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		CiteULike: A prehistory of Indian Y chromosomes: Evaluating demic diffusion scenarios.
		A prehistory of Indian Y chromosomes: Evaluating demic diffusion scenarios.
		The Y-chromosomal data consistently suggest a largely South Asian origin for Indian caste communities and therefore argue against any major influx, from regions north and west of India, of people associated either with the development of agriculture or the spread of the Indo-Aryan language family.
	www.citeulike.org /user/Archaeogenetics/article/512229 (344 words)

	A Case Study: Genetic evidence in support of a shared Eurasian-North African dairying - EgyptSearch Forums
		However, no consensus has been reached as to whether this Neolithic transition is best characterized by a demic diffusion (with a significant genetic input from migrating farmers) or a cultural diffusion (without substantial migration of farmers).
		Milk consumption and thus lactose tolerance are assumed to have spread with pastoralism and we propose that by looking at the relevant mutations in and around the lactase gene in human populations, we can gain insight into the origin(s) and spread of dairying.
		The second model, cultural diffusion, involves farming being passed fron one local group to the next without substantial movement of farming populations....It is important to note, however, that these two models are not mutually exclusive and that in fact both processes probably contributed to the expansion of agriculture and pastoralism."
	www.egyptsearch.com /forums/Forum8/HTML/001836.html (1677 words)

	Dienekes' Anthropology Blog: A Predominantly Neolithic Origin for Y-Chromosomal DNA Variation in North Africa
		Autocorrelation analyses reveal an east-west cline of genetic variation that extends into the Middle East and is compatible with a hypothesis of demic expansion.
		This expansion must have involved relatively small numbers of Y chromosomes to account for the reduction in gene diversity towards the West that accompanied the frequency increase of Y haplogroup E3b2, but gene flow must have been maintained to explain the observed pattern of isolation-by-distance.
		Origin, Diffusion, and Differentiation of Y-Chromosome Haplogroups E and J: Inferences on the neolithization of Europe and later Migratory Events in Mediterranean Area
	dienekes.ifreepages.com /blog/archives/000589.html (2574 words)

	Publications - The Ethnohistory Project
		Spatial autocorrelation of HLA frequencies in Europe support demic diffusion of early farmers.
		Cranial measurements do not support Neolithization of Europe by demic expansion.
		Sokal, R.R. The continental population structure of Europe.
	life.bio.sunysb.edu /ee/msr/Ethno/ethnopub.html (444 words)

	Genetic Chaos: December 2005 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Associated microsatellite analyses of the high-frequency R1a1 haplogroup chromosomes indicate independent recent histories of the Indus Valley and the peninsular Indian region.
		Our data are also more consistent with a peninsular origin of Dravidian speakers than a source with proximity to the Indus and with significant genetic input resulting from demic diffusion associated with agriculture.
		Our results underscore the importance of marker ascertainment for distinguishing phylogenetic terminal branches from basal nodes when attributing ancestral composition and temporality to either indigenous or exogenous sources.
	vetinarilord.blogspot.com /2005_12_01_vetinarilord_archive.html (3771 words)

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